- •Тема 1 Relative Clauses
- •5. Decide if the relative clauses are defining or non-defining, choose the correct pronoun and put commas where necessary:
- •6. Grammar Revision.
- •Today’s shopping innovations
- •9. Study the following words and phrases:
- •10. Match the words with their definitions:
- •11. Match two halves of the sentences and translate them into Russian:
- •12. Fill in the gaps with one of the following words and expressions. Use the correct forms of the verbs:
- •13. Find collocations from the text:
- •14. Give the English equivalents of the following words and expressions:
- •15. Fill in the right preposition where necessary:
- •20. Read the following statements and decide whether they are true (t) or false (f). Correct the false ones:
- •20. Choose the correct answers to the following questions:
- •21. Study the following words and phrases:
- •Reported Speech. Affirmative sentences
- •Vocabulary Study
- •8. Study the following words and phrases:
- •10. Decipher the following abbreviations:
- •11. Match the definitions:
- •12. Cross the odd word out:
- •13. Match the idiomatic expressions (1-5) with their meaning (a-e) and translation (I-V):
- •Vocabulary Study
- •21. Study the following words and phrases:
- •Indirect command and request
- •Indirect questions
- •Indirect general questions
- •Indirect special questions
- •Mechanisms of markets
- •Size parameters
- •6. Study the following words and phrases:
- •7. Choose the correct alternative to complete each sentence:
- •8. A) Add the word market either before or after each of the words below:
- •10. Match the words with their definitions:
- •11. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from Ex. 10:
Vocabulary Study
21. Study the following words and phrases:
accommodate |
размещать, расселять |
adjust |
регулировать, корректировать, настраивать, приспособлять |
affluent |
богатый |
amenity |
удобство |
blending |
смешение, смешивание |
cater |
обслуживать |
challenge |
проблема, задача, вызов |
crucial |
решающий, ключевой |
diversity |
разнообразие, многообразие |
fall into the trap |
попасть в ловушку |
hospitality |
гостеприимство |
luxury |
роскошь |
occur |
происходить, встречаться, иметь место |
part and parcel |
неотъемлемая часть |
reflect |
отражать |
staffing policy |
кадровая политика |
tend |
иметь тенденцию, склонность |
track a moving target |
отслеживать движущуюся цель |
vast |
огромный |
vital |
жизненно важный, существенный |
Тема 3
Indirect command and request
An order or request in indirect speech is expressed by the infinitive.
The verbs most commonly used to introduce indirect orders are: to tell, to order, to command. Requests are usually introduced by the verb to ask. More emotional forms are: to beg, to implore (умолять), to urge (настаивать, уговаривать).
Study the following chart
Direct speech |
Indirect speech |
The mother said to the lazy son, “Wake up!” |
The mother told the lazy son to wake up. |
The teacher said to the pupils, “Don't play with fire”. |
The teacher told the pupils not to play with fire. |
I said to Nick, “Shut the door, please”. |
I asked Nick to Shut the door.
|
The professor said to his students, “Don’t be late for the lecture”.
|
The professor asked (or told) his students not to be late for the lecture. |
Indirect questions
Indirect general questions
The inversion in the direct question changes to statement word order.
If necessary, the tense is changed at the same time.
We use if/ whether (ли) after ask, want to know, wonder, not know, didn't say/ tell me.
NOTE:
to ask smb
to ask a question
Direct speech |
Indirect speech |
Ann’s mother asked her, “Are you tired?” |
Ann’s mother asked her if she was tired. |
He asked his friend, “Do you like the wine?” |
He asked his friend if he liked the wine. |
I asked Frank, “Did you buy a new car?” |
I asked Frank if he had bought a new car. |
Ann’s father asked her, “Are you tired or unwell?” |
Ann’s father asked her whether she was tired or unwell. |
I asked my sister, “Did you leave the book at home or loose it?” |
I asked my sister whether she had left the book at home or lost it. |