Gas storage

In the course of marine transport, necessary land storage requires double-walled tanks with special insulation. Such tanks may have unit volumes of as much as 50,000 cubic metres (1,766,000 cubic feet). The low temperatures attained require the use of special steels with a high nickel content or aluminum-base alloys. Because the problem of heat loss is less important at ports of arrival, where the liquid gas has to be vaporized, frozen-earth tanks, consisting of enormous holes dug in the ground and made leakproof by freezing the groundwater, are used.

Storage facilities on a more extensive scale have been created by using depleted oil or gas reservoirs near consumption centres (northeastern United States, northern Italy), or by the creation of artificial gas fields in aquifer layers. The latter technique developed rapidly, and the number of storage facilities of this type in the United States has increased tremendously since 1950. There are a number of such underground storage areas in France, Germany, and the U.S.S.R.

Comprehension check

I. Translate into Russia

usable, extremely rich, to contain, varying proportions, conform to standards of use, to recover, series of treatment, expansion, to remove, rich absorbation oil, purified condensate, major consumption centres, to install, to depend, gas pipelines, technological advances, long-distance transportation, constant flow rate, capacity

II. Make up word combination

1. natural a) rich

2. extremely b) syste

3. commercial c) plants

4. successive d) gas

5. control e) form

6. transportation f) pressure

7. liquid g) specifications

8. high h) rate

9. regular i) intervals

10.circulation g) operations

III. Study the definitions

Gas – air-like substansce.

Standard – something used as a test or measure for weight, lengths, qualities or for required degree of excellence.

Expansion – expanding or being expanded; enlargement

Elimination – putting away, getting rid of (because unnecessary or unwanted).

Consumption – using up, consuming (of food, energy, materials, etc).

IV. Fill in the suitable word

1. Gas fields are often located far from major … centres. (consumption, industrial, agricultural).

2. Transportation of natural gas depends upon its …. (shape, form, size).

3. Large gas pipelines enable gas to be … over thousand kilometers. (removed, transferred, transported).

4. The pressure has to be … at regular intervals to keep a … flow rate in the pipeline. (boosted, increased, transmitted; permanent, constant, continious).

5. … from such areas is effected by boat. (transportation, transition, transmition).

V. Translate into English

природный газ, чрезвычайно богат, цель переработки газа, поглощение, очищение, успешные операции, чрезвычайно сложная система контроля, главные центры потребления, зависеть от, простираться, диаметры трубопровода, несмотря на высокое давление, газ сжижается, крупномасштабные проекты