Вариант 1

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TEXT

Michael Faraday

One day in 1821 a young scientist was experimenting in his laboratory with some wire and a magnet. Placing the magnet in a small coil of the wire, he passed an electric current through the coil. Suddenly the coil began to turn round.

That was the first electric motor, the model of all the powerful motors that drive the machinery in our factories today. The young scientist was Michael Faraday, the son of a blacksmith, born in 1791. For several years he was a laboratory assistant to Sir Humphry Davy, the great English chemist, inventor of the miners’ safety-lamp. Faraday’s earliest discoveries and experiments were in the field of chemistry, but electricity was always his main interest.

About1821 he began experimenting in electricity. At that time many scientists were trying to discover how magnetism and electricity were related. It was known that a magnet could be made by twisting wire round a bar of iron and passing an electric current through the wire. Ampere, the famous French scientist, showed by his experiments that an electric current could produce the same effects as a magnet.

Faraday wanted to answer the following question: if an electric current can produce magnetism cannot a magnet produce an electric current?

After many years of hard work he was able to show that when a magnet is placed near a coil of wire it makes an electric current flow for a moment through the wire.

Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What was M. Faraday experimenting with on one day in 1821?

2. What was M. Faraday and what was his main interest?

3. How are magnetism and electricity related?

4. What did Ampere show by his experiments?

1. Переведите на русский язык:

1. We all use electricity in our homes every day but sometimes forget that it is a form of power and may be dangerous.

2. We have electronic computers which can solve complicated mathematical problems.

3. Our scientists can measure much faster than they could a thousand years ago.

4. Faraday died in August 25, 1867.

5. Good conductors like the metals, copper, silver and aluminium offer very little resistance.

Составьте вопрос к каждому предложению задания 1

2. Определите функцию Participle 1 и переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Year after year Faraday experimented in electricity discovering many of the laws of electricity and magnetism.

2. All moving parts of machines wear.

3. On his voyage round the world he looked carefully at thousands of living things in the sea and on land and came to very important conclusions.

4. Rontgen called a new kind of rays X-rays, the letter X meaning an unkhown.

3. Определите, чем являются выделенные слова: причастие 2 или личной формой

глагола. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Mother divided the apple between the children.

2. Jack came in followed by a cop.

3. You must do the written translation of this text.