Interpretation of the text

Ex.1 Match the definitions with the terms:

1) phraseological units	a) word - groups with a completely changed meaning, that is, the meaning of the unit doesn’t correspond to the meanings of its constituent parts.
2) phraseology	b) word - groups with a completely changed meaning but, in contrast to the units, they are demotivated, that is, their meaning can’t be deduced from the meanings of its constituent parts.
3) phraseological combinations	c) a branch of linguistics which studies different types of set expressions.
4) unities	d) word-groups that cannot be made in the process of speech, they exist in the language as ready-made units.
5) fusions	e) word - groups with a partially changed meaning. They may be said to be clearly motivated, that is the meaning of the units can be easily deduced from the meanings of its constituents.

1. – d

2. – c

3. – e

4. – a

5. – b

Ex. 2 Determine whether the Statement is true or false.

1. The vocabulary of a language is enriched only by words.

2. The first attempt to place the study of various word-groups on a scientific basis was made by the outstanding linguist L.P.Smith .

3. V.V.Vinogradov defines phraseological unit as the basic object of phraseology.

4. The main sources of phraseological units are emigrants. 

5. According to L.P.Smith  there is no clarification of the semantic structure.

6. The English phraseological units can be translated into Ukrainian language word-for-word.

7. All non-English literary borrowings are considered to be the word-for-word translation or calking.

8. Phraseological combinations are word - groups with a completely changed meaning but, in contrast to the units, they are demotivated, that is, their meaning can’t be deduced from the meanings of its constituent parts.

9. Phraseological units can be classified as parts of speech.

Keys: 1 – F; 2 – F; 3 – T; 4 – F; 5 – T; 6 – F; 7 – T; 8 – F; 9 – T.

Ex. 3 Insert the words missing in the text:

Speech peculiar phraseology

express vocabulary idioms

meaning classified phraseological

1)__________ is a branch of linguistics which studies different types of set expressions.

The 2)_________ of a language is enriched not only by words but also by 3)_____________ units. Phraseological units are word-groups that cannot be made in the process of 4)_______, they exist in the language as ready-made units. They are compiled in special dictionaries. The same as words phraseological units 5)________ a single notion and are used in a sentence as one part of it. American and British lexicographers call such units 6)___________. We can mention such dictionaries as: L.Smith «Words and Idioms», V.Collins «A Book of English Idioms» etc. In these dictionaries we can find words, 7)________ in their semantics (idiomatic), side by side with word-groups and sentences. In these dictionaries they are arranged, as a rule, into different semantic groups. Phraseological units can be 8)__________ according to the ways they are formed, according to the degree of the motivation of their meaning, according to their structure and according to their part-of-speech 9)___________.

Keys:

Phraseology	vocabulary
phraseological	speech
express	idioms
peculiar	classified
meaning

Ex. 4 Answer the questions:

1. What is phraseology?

2. What can you say about phraseological units?

3. What is the classification of phraseological units according to Vinogradov?

4. What can you say about the classification suggested by I.V. Arnold?

5. What is the main source of phraseological units? (Give examples)

6. Speak about Smith’s classification.