< – - * -+ , + 36 * -* . " ' 6 . " = > 3×2,4 > Q = . # +-= . >> > * . ' ' + , . + ' = > + - , M =. # , * , - * ' = , .
D – -* . A+ Alza (#]!). . + , @ + + , . " + . # -+ . ? ' *-* . * ' = -> =. +-* G"+ . # * + , - = . # -' G" - * 1973 *. %. * .
3.1.4.
# * G" – + Q ; * = * +* + * O * *' .
? * (??) * Q @-@ +. = ?? Q = G" - ' >@ * + , ' OQ * . A* + - (? ) -. ? + * ( 10 ) * . # *-* + + +. < *- = @ ? 75…80 !/ . # =* ? * ?? -+ -10 % . + ' * * *-+ * * .
41
" ??, >@ * +, *-(? ) * (?#) > = * + ( ? ). ? ;-, , * + . D ? , * * * -> , ' @ > * = G" - = * >@ * + , >@ -' + *= + . " = @ = -* + . J ' - = > G" * > * > , - @ > *-O * .
# = ? = = ?# * . K O + * + + ; G".
3.1.5.
% = – ;* , G" =Q +* @ ' O + ' + = * + * . " =(% %#) ' ' -> +. % -= , > = *. > + * >@ + + = , ' > > -> G" ( 10…20 */ ).
% %# > @ * - : * > ( ' + - = ' ); , > + ' =; > > + ( G" *- ); ; ; ' G" ; ' - = G" - ; .
% %# – '-G" = + + = + G" ( ) @ +=>, > + > O =Q * .+ * * + .
42
% = = * +:
" ' ' ' , - + * + -' +.
< =Q +
> M .
% = =Q + ' = '. W , Q ' = * , >.
% = ' = =-= = + >@ , - >@ =Q , @ , >@ -+ , * '; .
" + % %# ' - * +, + * . + % %# ' = ( . 16):
- , raviolli;
.
? % %# + > * + -, G" > + . # - = ( ) ' = G" O +, + =>. # = ' G" -.
% %# ' @ @=> * * , = * >. " +QO ' - = * + . " ;% %# ' = = .
% %# = G" ' @ + + . C * > - ' G" ' .
43
! |
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. 16. 9-+ (&) + (6):
1 – , * ($ ); 2, 2 & H # , 0 + ; 3 – ( J )
# ; 4 – + # ; 5 – + , $ #
% %# ; > -+ + , >@ -G" + ; '+ ' +.
G", > = - ' + = + , > *' = * + + ; ' -+ % %#.
# * , % %# - > :
1 – > ; 2 – + + + ;
3 – * G" ; 4 – + => .
* + % %# * - , " + G" ' « ; » 'G" + +, *- >@ + = ' .
" * % %# M * ,G" * * + + * G" * = + = + + - + @ => + =>.
" % %# = + * - * , = = = * G" * * .
44
$ > * % %# ' = * -+ + , G" * * > > = -G" , = >= .
% %# #]! + Alza 70- *' . # ' -=> 0,5 * 3 +, > -+ . W = 75 %. % %#* > , ; 'Q G". O Q + . > = =Q > . " ' , ( ) -300…600 * 4 = ' +, -' > , =>.
" ( ) % %# = > - >@ * = @ : ( > ), -; , ; , >- , ; ; > +, Q + , * = , + -;-400 . * = @ , = * % %#,= ' G". ' + Q G" > =- , + ; ; * . * , - , , , * , * = . " ' * , -* + .
D = + . <-= , >@ * == + . ,@ , > * - + '' ; - , > =, ' = * * - @ * .
% %#, @ ' , + + + –' , >@ . = -G" ' + = - + : =>, ;. ' @ + + G" .
45
; + = +, * * >, * = + . ? ' = +-= +, + * + '= ' * > . ' ' = + => * + * - = + . < , ' = =- Q + ( + ' Q = 500 ), * = > = ' .
' + G" ' . [ G" * > ' , ' > ' + + = =Q -. # * + , ' ' =G" + * @- . # = , ; G" - / % %#.
Q ? * = > -
( |
10 ), > >@ , |
+ ' + . |
|
% « » (dendrimer) * + * |
|
«dendritic» – |
« @ + , +». E* O .!. % |
I ? ' + , Q + J * 1984 *. # « » « » (arborol), O &.A. <=> . D * «arbor», .
– ; * , , - , + . D -= * , @ ; = - = * . > >@ + -, * * > - = . < *-Q >@ *' + , >@ = Q . # = = @ * *; * +.
# + , * = =- * =Q ( ) -. " ' , * ' = « », -=Q . * , + = -* , ' @ =
46
+ + > = Q- . " , = -= ( , >) -(5- ).
= * =-> ++, + +. A = + ,* ( * + * ). C > >@ , , - = , =>@ * = * , = > >. " ' = = + * -NASA .
J % $ ?!?
Q * -* - >, * ' * + +. - * ( ) .* + + * * + + -* * * -* @ . " ' = ; *. D , = @ -+ =G" @ > . A * '= > >, > =>, => ; =>, = + * . K-' ; = = .
E@ % %# – = ' , - >@ ( ), *= = ' = = * . % * + = - ' . = Q > ; ' @ . % , * = , = >@ ' - , ' * > . % - Q , = = - , * ' - . E * - , + , *-
47
= =Q =- +. # = , ; % %# * @ >@ .
Q % %# - = > Q , . . , @ -' , ' + +. " Q -* * . - = > : , ; . W -* = = = =Q, * = -+ + = ' . ' = - Q + ' = => Q . < , = , += - = * , - * * , =. +-= ' +, * +.
– = Q * ; * - * , = ' > = ' . " ;, + ' ,' * = , = =. " - @ * +, >@ =-; + =Q=> = .
# = = * , - = * + + = , *. ' = * - , * , = >@ -, @ + , = ' ' +Q @ .
W = = + + - = + = * + +, - * = =Q * . " ' = ; * . D* , = >@ ; * >,
@ + |
, * - |
=> @ |
Q , . . ; = |
= + Q + = , + ' = =-' ' .
< G", % %#, ' * Q - . = * , * , , ' = = * *( . 7, 8).
48
% 7
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