Advanced_English_Pronunciation_in_Use

5 7 . 1

57.2

U n it 57

The step-ups on the recording are marked, but other places for step-ups are possible.

1	She always said it was her best film, although the critics m hated it.
	('... ID critics . . .' would also be possible, contrasting 'her' and 'the critics')
2	Rather than a military solution, we should be looking for a m political one.

3Some plastics are easy to produce, but ID difficult to dispose of.

(' . . . difficult to ID dispose of' would also be possible, contrasting 'produce' and 'dispose of)

4	Instead of a quick resolution to the war, their tactics ID prolonged it.
S Most people think he's French, but in fact he's from m Canada.
	(' . . . in m fact . . . ' would also be possible, contrasting what 'most people think' and 'fact')
6	The model weighs only four kilos, whereas the full-scale version will weigh four IIIthousand.
	(' ... m full-scale version . . .' would also be possible, contrasting the 'model' and the 'full-scale
	version')
7	Despite the President's personal popularity, his party IIIlost the election.
	('... m party . . .' would also be possible, contrasting 'the President' and 'his party')
8	The novel was all his own work - or he IIIclaimed it was.
9	The area is a popular tourist attraction, and yet m completely unspoilt.
10	Unlike most of our competitors, we've m actually made a profit this year.

(' . . . a m profit . . . ' would also be possible, contrasting 'a profit' with 'a loss', which is implied)

In IDthis lesson, we're going to look further at the life of Napoleon. As you'll remember, Napoleon was probably one of the greatest military leaders in history. In the class IDlast week, we studied his earlier life, until about 1 808, and now we'll look at events from about 1 808 until his death. mBy 1 808, you'll recall, Napoleon had crowned himself Emperor of the first French Empire. By this time he was in control of much of Europe, including Austria, Italy, Spain and Sweden. However, in I D 1809, Spain and Austria rose up against the French. Although the French army defeated them, thousands of men were lost. And in ID 1 8 12, ignoring repeated advice against it, Napoleon began his invasion of Russia. In this campaign, over half a million soldiers in his army were killed, and by 1 8 14 Paris had fallen and Napoleon had abdicated. Now IDwhat I'd like this half of the class to do is read the account of the battle near Vienna in 1 809 in your textbooks starting on page 82. The mother half should study the maps and pictures of the 1 8 12 invasion on the handout, and write a brief account of what you have observed.

182	English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

U n it 58

58. 1 1 Michael Watson &3, the ID reigning champion 1i2I,has been knocked out of the French

Open.

2 Whitedown Hill El, 11 above the Trant Valley &::21,is to be the location of a new wind farm.

3Two sisters from France El, ID both in their seventies El, have become the oldest people to swim the English Channel.

4 A black woodpecker 11, a ID rare visitor to Britain &21, has been spotted on the east coast.

SThe head of NATO in Europe 5:21, m Major Peter Alvin 5:21, has warned that its military equipment is becoming seriously outdated.

58.2 The tones used in the added information and the previous noun phrase are shown. These tones begin on the previous prominent syllable.

Example: Large areas of the COUNtry 61, one of the 11 POORest in Asia 11, have been hit by drought.

1 Mr Abram IvANich &21, a m FORmer COMMunist &:21, has been elected president of Novistan.

2 The Nisota car factory in PERTH 61, m emPLOYing over THREE thousand PEople 61, is to

close next year.

3 A statue of Sir Frank WHittle, , I'D inVENtor of the JET engine &:21,has been unveiled in his home town.

4 Over fifty thousand PEople &1, almost a m TENth of the popuLAtion 61, are now thought to

have been infected with influenza.

S The city of St PEtersburg fi'2!J, ID PREviously LENingrad &2), is encouraging people to use public transport.

58.3	O n your m right we're passing the beautiful National Theatre, built i n the mid 1 800s and one of
	the most important Czech cultural institutions. If you want to see opera or ballet in Prague, that's
	the place to I'D go. We're m now passing under one of the best-known bridges in the world, the
	Charles Bridge. It was built in the 13th century, and has 75 statues along its I'D sides. Over on the
	m left, up on the hill, is Prague Castle, the home of Czech kings throughout the ages and now
	the seat of the President of the Czech I'D Republic. You can ID also see the spires of Saint Vitus
	Cathedral, where most of the Czech kings are ID buried. To your m right now is the
	Rudolfinum, a concert hall. . .

English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

183

U n it 59

5 9 . 1 1 Make sure you give three pieces of information on each page - your name ti, your student number ti and the date Ill.

2When I was learning to drive my instructor made me say 'mirror B, signal e, manoeuvre SI' every time I drove away.

3Attempts on the mountain have been made this year by Japanese climbers 1i!!'Swiss.I,climbers Ii!!'.I and Brazilian climbers ti.

4You'll remember that Trollope's first three novels in his Barsetshire Chronicles were The Warden fJi2J, Barchester Towers fi'2J and Doctor Thorne Ill.

SI want you to paint the squares the colours of the rainbow - red ea, orange B, yellow ea and so on Ill.

59.2 1								...			...		...
	She had a number of jobs in Berlin - II as a waitress/I, bookseller/I, music teacher/I - but still
2	found time to develop her career in the theatre.
	,					11	the 1 5th of llliY//,,				the 30th,		of Julyll and the 30th of
	Note that the last enrolment dates are
	August/I.			...	...					,
3	A copy of the contract,										will be on your desk tomorrow.
				II signed/I,	sealed/I and
								delivered/I,
4	[Note: 'signed, sealed, and delivered' means that it is officially signed and completed]
			,							safety glassesll,			,,1¥
	Don't forget that for this experiment you'll need								II	,,1¥
												protective c10thingll
S	and rubber gloves/I.						,1¥				,1¥
	To get to the bookshop
	the	,	ll.	II go down this street/I,				turn left at the traffic lights/I and then cross
		square

Follow-up

The last prominent syllable in each marked speech unit (where the tone starts) is in capital letters. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill,!1 that we shall pay any PRICE ,1¥11, bear any BURden ,1¥11, meet any HARDship ,1¥11, support any FRIEND ,1¥11, oppose any FOE ,1¥11, to assure the survival and the success of LIBerty ' 11.

In passing this office to the Vice President, I also do so with the profound sense of the weight of responsibility that will fall on his shoulders tomorrow and, therefore,!1 of the

underSTANding ' 11, the PAtience ' 11, the coopeRAtion , 11 he will need from all Americans.

184	English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

U n it 60

1 She said that she was employed as: 'an environmental status assessment consultant'.

2The managing director described the rise in oil prices as: 'a worrying and potentially damaging development'.

3 Apparently it was Picasso who said: 'Painting is just another way of keeping a diary.'

4The book describes the mobile phone as: 'the most significant electronic consumer device ever invented'.

1	Paraphrase 2 Paraphrase 3 Quotation 4 Paraphrase
Example sentences on the recording:
1	We've developed a computer programme that can mactually a . . . teach itself a new language.
2	The number of overweight people in the country has risen to an m incredible a . . . 50 million.
3	Using the new treatment, the number of people missing work due to atbackaches El . . . was

cut by half.

English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

185

Section E l

1 A 2 0 3 re

4 ; ) 5 u

6 e 7 A

8 I

9 ; ) 10 e

11 u 12 0

1

klQk = clock

7 slwt = slipped

2 bl d = blood

8 t st = test

3

st nd = stand

9 s n = son

4 h nd = hand

10 g s = guess

5

klJd = could

11 pr t kt = protect

6

bM = butter

12 stQP = stop

1

h _ m

i: I a: 1 3:

(ha:m = harm)

2

b _ t

i: I u: I ;):

(bi:t = beat/beet; bu:t = boot; b;):t = bought)

3

p _ s

3: I i: I u:

(p3:S = purse; pi:s = piece/peace)

4

L d

a: I u: I ;):

(fu:d = food; b:d = ford)

5

t _ k

;): I a: I u:

(t;):k = talk/torque)

6

w _ m

a: I i: I ;):

(w;):m = warm)

7

h _ t

a: I 3: I u:

(ha:t = heart; h3:t = hurt; hu:t = hoot)

8

t _ n

3: I I u:

(t3:O = turn; t;):o = torn)

9 k _ n

!I I a: 1 3:

(ki:o = keen)

10 p _ t

;): I u: la:

(P;):t = port; pa:t = part)

11

k _ 1

u: I ; I ;):

(ku:l = cool; b:l = curl; b:l = call)

12 h _ b

;3I I a: I i:

(h3:b = herb)

1

3

5

ll 'H

9

DfrJ

ffi±J

[lli]

rno

- girl dirt

- tool noon

- verb hurt

_ warn/worn

- whom

, caught/court

, rude

llfH

}I;H

ll l

l

8

l° H,

H

t

Dill

- vase farm

- draws/drawers

_ neat

- part calm

- mean

born/borne

seernlseam

peace/piece

1

Ipen/ - Ipm/

5 Ituk/ - ItAk!

9 Ifu:V - IfuV

13 Ifa:1 - 1f3:1

2

/hId! - /hred!

6 IrmJ/ - Iputl

10 /h3:t! - /hAt!

14 /hi:1 - /hu:1

3

Isend! - Isrend!

7 Ipret! - Ipa:tl

11 lod;)1 - 1;):d;)1

4

IgAlfl - Igolfl

8 1f3:rnIIfa:rnI

12 Iw;):ktl - IW3:ktl

1

Ipen/ = pen

5 ItAk! = tuck

9 Ifu:V = fool

13 Ifa:1 = far

2

/hId! = hid

6 Iputl = put

10 /hAt! = hut

14 /hi:1 = he

3

Isrend! = sand

7 Ipretl = pat

11 lod;)1 = odder

4 IgAlfl = gulf

8 1f3:rnI = firm

12 IW3:kt! = worked

English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

1	sport - spot		5	hut - hurt		9	man - men		13 look - luck
2	cut - cot		6	hit - heat		10	wrist - rest		14 heart - hat
3	tea - two		7	books - box		11	bird - bored
4	fat - fit		8	heard - hard		12	pull - pool
1	spot = Ispot!		5	hut = /hAt!		9	men = Imen!		13 look = /luk/
2	cot = ikotl		6	heat = /hi:tl		10	wrist = Inst!		14 hat = /hretl
3	two = Itu:1		7	box = !boksl		11	bored = !b:)!(1/
4	fat = Ifret!		8	heard = /h3:d/		12	pull = Ipul/
	e	I		aI	eI		:)1	u	au	u
b	bear	beer		buy	bay		boy	bow	bow
								(= weapon)	(= bend)

d	dare	dear
f	fair	fear

ggear

h	hair	here
m	mare	mere
p	pear	pier
r	rare	rear
S
t	tear	tear
	(= pull apart)	water
		from(=	the eye)

die

guy

high my pie rye

sigh

tie

day		dough
		foe
gay		go
hay		hoe	how
may		mow
pay			poor*
ray		row	row
		move	(= argument)
		through(=
		water)
say	soy	sow	sow
		to plant	a female
		seeds)(=	(=pig)
	toy	toe	tour*

* 'poor' can also be pronounced Ip':!:1 and 'tour' can also be pronounced It':!:/,

1	'feo	7	kref	13		SIIJ	18	'jel u
2	' spef'i	8	' si:3	14		'demd3"r s	19	'':!:e
3	'hAIJ9;}	9	bo:e	15		'fi:tf	20 jAIJ
4	' md3"ri	10	jes	16		'dIkf"n"ri	21	'jU:3"i
5	bi:tf	11	oe	17		':!:i'o u	22	' s uid3
6	dnIJk	12	'tre3
1	,d3u:m'V3:S;}ti I , ju:m 'v3:s ti			8	[eId I d3eId
2	'lee I 'ieo			9 ' mef I ' me3
3	krre [ I krre3			10	3u:st I ju:st
4	'smd3;} I ' SID			11	ri:t [ I ri:d3
5	3i:nZ I d3i:nZ			12	,saue'i:st I ,sautf'i:st
6	' sii:mD I ' sii:pm			13	' tehvId3 n I 'tehvI3"n
7	eIDk I OIIJk			14	'brAe I 'brAo

English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

187

0	(e	0
	J		k
			f
		aI	0
	;:,:	n	s
	sl	(k	re
	(t	aI	9
	(s	n	eI

f;')

tJ	m
I:	A
	lJ
;')	k
t )	e;')
o )
k )

n t) r

m re

b

	f	[
t	w	t
3:	u

1 1	Country		Capital city
	1	'tJam;') - China	g beI' d3IlJ - Beijing
	2	rel'd3I;')ri;') - Algeria	d rel'd3I;')Z - Algiers
	3	'p;')ul;')nd - Poland	f	'w;:,:s;:,: - Warsaw
	4 ' swi:d n - Sweden		j	' stokh;')um - Stockholm
	5	'tJdi - Chile	b	, srenti'o:g;')u - Santiago
	6 m;,)'leIzi;') - Malaysia		c ,kwo:l;')'lumpu;,)f - Kuala Lumpur
	7	'p;:,:tJ;')g l - Portugal	a	'hzb;')n - Lisbon
	8	' swIts l;')nd - Switzerland	h b3:n - Berne
	9	rel'bemi;') - Albania	i	tI'ra:n;') - Tirana
	10	m;,)'lo:wi - Malawi	e h'lolJWeI - Lilongwe

188	English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

Section E2

1 brand - bland (D); 2 blouse - browse (D); 3 blank (S); 4 bend - blend (D); 5 brink (S);

6 breeze (S); 7 broad - bored (D); 8 brew (S); 9 black; 10 broom; 11 blushed; 12 bread; 13 bow; 14 bought

1 prank (S); 2 pretty (S); 3 proud (S); 4 plane - pain (D); 5 plod - prod (D); 6 peach - preach (D); 7 please (S); 8 plays - praise (D); 9 plan; 10 pot; 1 1 prawns; 12 pies; 1 3 play; 14 present

1 croak (S); 2 crane (S); 3 cloud - crowd (D); 4 cash - clash (D); 5 crutch (S); 6 cost - crossed (D); 7 claim - came (D); 8 clown (S); 9 cook; 10 clause; 1 1 crew; 12 climb; 13 keen;

14 cruel

1 grammar (S); 2 gory - glory (D); 3 grade - glade (D); 4 great - gate (D); 5 groom (S); 6 glean (S); 7 glide - guide (D); 8 gave (S); 9 grazing; 10 glue; 1 1 grass; 12 gasped; 1 3 going; 14 glow

1 fragrant - flagrant (D); 2 flame (S); 3 four - floor (D); 4 ford - fraud (D); 5 flee - free (D); 6 flesh (S); 7 flee (S); 8 frog (S); 9 flatter; 10 fruit; 11 flows; 12 favour; 13 flying; 14 fright

1 dug (S); 2 tree - tea (D); 3 tread - dread (D); 4 tooth (S); 5 train (S); 6 down - drown (D); 7 drip - dip (D); 8 tied - tried (D); 9 two; 10 trap; 11 diving; 12 drawer; 13 try; 14 died

1 warmth (S); 2 concerned - concern (D); 3 fridge (S); 4 thump (S); 5 bomb (S); 6 bet - bent (D); 7 pinch (S); 8 armed - arm (D); 9 blame; 10 change; 1 1 find; 12 rooms; 13 trays; 14 flame

1 gulf - gull (D); 2 coal (S); 3 well - wealth (D); 4 sale (S); 5 hold (S); 6 build (S); 7 wolf - wool (D); 8 kill - kiln (D); 9 fell; 10 fuels; 1 1 called; 12 help; 1 3 film; 14 shell

1 eat (S); 2 hunt (S); 3 fell - felt (D); 4 past - pass (D); 5 let - left (D); 6 packed - pack (D); 7 paint (S); 8 fat (S); 9 guess; 10 built; 11 goat; 12 bell; 13 meant; 14 abolished

1 led - lend (D); 2 devised (S); 3 bombed - bond (D); 4 led - lend (D); 5 begged - bed (D); 6 raced - raised (D); 7 harmed (S); 8 gold - goal (D); 9 wind; 10 sewed; 1 1 bad; 12 timed; 1 3 wild; 14 describe

1 clips - clicks (D); 2 cats - caps (D); 3 gaps (S); 4 checks (S); 5 lips (S); 6 once (S); 7 bakes ­ base (D); 8 case - cakes (D); 9 graphs; 10 glance; 1 1 deaths; 12 sick; 1 3 moss; 14 maps

1 youths (S); 2 stars (S); 3 bags (S); 4 lies - lives (D); 5 rains - raise (D); 6 rides - rise (D); 7 size - sides (D); 8 cause (S); 9 crimes; 10 robes; 11 lawns; 12 sells; 1 3 cars; 14 size

English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

1 89

Section E3

000	000	0000
changeable	arrival	advisable
functional	assemblage	desirable
patronage	percentage	emotional
pilgrimage		enjoyable
		original

The exception is 'original' (compare 'origin and o'riginal).

000	000	0000	0000
awkwardness	alertness	characterless	abrasiveness
colourless	disgraceful	deviousness	assertiveness
powerful	eventful		directionless
	regardless
000	000		0000
beautify	announcer		anomalous
borrower	beginner		calamitous
dangerous			diversify
marvellous			intensify
simplify			solidify

The exception is 'solidify' (compare 'solid and so'lidify).

00	000		0000
anxious	ambitious		industrious
cautious	pretentious		laborious
spacious	religious		luxurious
	suspicious		mysterious
			rebellious
000	000	0000	00000
glamorous	courageous	carnivorous	insectivorous
humorous	outrageous	herbivorous	miscellaneous
tremulous		incredulous	simultaneous
		miraculous

In fast speech, -eous in 'miscellaneous' and 'simultaneous' might be said as one syllable (/-j;:)s/), so would have the pattern 0000.

English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

00	000		0000
Chinese	auctioneer		cohabitee
laundrette	detainee		evacuee
trainee	divorcee		examinee
	journalese		interviewee
	Taiwanese
000	0000	0000	00000
provincial	differential	adverbial	ceremonial
substantial	influential	industrial	editorial
torrential	presidential	remedial	managerial

In fast speech, -ial in 'averbial', 'remedial' and 'ceremonial' might be said as one syllable (I-j I/), so would have the patterns 000 ('adverbial' and 'remedial') and 0000 ('ceremonial'),

000	0000	0000	00000	00000
addiction	ethnicity	accusation	authenticity	abbreviation
location	extremity	diplomatic	elasticity	characteristic
		formulaic	musicality
000	0000		0000	0000
constructive	exploitative		apprehensive	illustrative
explosive	indicative		inconclusive	innovative
impulsive			interactive
progressive			reproductive
The exception is 'indicative' (compare 'indicate and in'dicative),
000	000		0000
hesitant	coherent		experience
ignorance	pollutant		inhabitant
negligence			inheritance
resident			magnificent
tolerant			significant
000			0000
appliance	occurrence		correspondent
compliance	resemblance		independence
defiant	resistant		obsolescence
deterrent	triumphant
observance
000	000		0000	0000
government	achievement		accomplishment	disappointment
measurement	investment		development	entertainment
settlement	recruitment		embarrassment
	retirement

English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

191