- •History through art
- •Развитие речевой способности в контексте диалога культур и цивилизаций
- •С.В. Сомова
- •Part II
- •Part III
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background
- •Archaic Period
- •Classical Period
- •Hellenistic Period
- •Part II Words to be pronounced and learnt
- •Part III
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Ancient rome Historical Background
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background (509 bc – ad 476)
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Part III
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 4: Shaping Ideas and Facts in English
- •Step 5: Subject and Thesis
- •Part II
- •The middle ages
- •The MiDdLe aGeS
- •Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Part III
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background 800 bc – 146 bc
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Part III
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Step 4: Shaping Ideas and Facts in English
- •Hildegard of bingen
- •Part III
- •The renaissance
- •The renaissance
- •Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Step 4: Shaping Ideas and Facts in English
- •Портрет высокого возрождения
- •Vincenzo perugia
- •Part IV
- •The baroque
- •The baroque
- •Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Part III
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Step 4: Shaping Ideas and Facts in English
- •Giovanni lorenzo bernini
- •Part V
- •The enlightenment
- •The enlightenment
- •Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Versailles
- •Part II
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Thomas gainsborough
- •Step 4: Shaping Ideas and Facts in English
- •Franz joseph haydn
- •George frideric handel
- •Part VI
- •Romanticism
- •Romanticism
- •Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •John constable
- •Step 4: Shaping Ideas and Facts in English
- •Part VII the new times
- •Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Part III
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •The twentieth century Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Step 1: Understanding the Information Historical Background
- •Part I
- •Part II
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Step 4: Shaping Ideas and Facts in English
- •Step 5: Writing an Essay
- •Topics for Your Essays
- •Reference
- •1. Writing technique
- •1.1. How to Start to Write
- •1.2. How to Take Notes
- •1.3. Library Resources for Writing
- •1.4. Effective Sentences
- •1.5. Paragraphing
- •1.6. Paraphrasing
- •2. Written forms
- •2.1. Précis-writing
- •2.2. Synopsis-making
- •2.3. Composition and Essay-Writing
- •3. Elements of style. Expressive means of the english language
- •3.1. Metaphor
- •3.2. Metonymy
- •3.3. Simile.
- •Compare
- •3.4. Epithets
- •Compare
- •3.5. Hyperbole and understatement.
- •3.6. Oxymoron
- •3.6. Irony
- •4. Punctuation
- •4.4. The comma
- •4.5. The semi-colon
- •4.6. The colon
- •4.7. Quotation marks
- •4.8. Apostrophe
- •4.9. Hyphen
- •4.10. Marks of Parenthesis
- •4.11. A series of periods
- •4.12. Punctuating within the Compound Sentences
- •4.13. Punctuating within the Complex Sentence
- •5. Capitalization
- •6. Numbers spelled out or used in figures
- •Appendix 1
- •Appendix 2
- •Dictation 1 Early Years of Christianity
- •Dictation 4
- •Dictation 5 Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
- •Dictation 6 The Roman Republic
- •Dictation 7 The Gladiators
- •Dictation 8 The Roman Empire
- •Dictation 9 Ancient Rome
- •Dictation 10
- •Keys to
- •Ancient Rome step 1: Understanding the Information
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Step 4: Shaping Ideas and Facts in English
- •Part II. The Middle Ages step 1: Understanding the Information
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Part III. The Renaissance
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Vincenzo perugia
- •Part IV. The Baroque
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Giovanni Lorenzo bernini
- •Part V. The Enlightenment
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Thomas gainsborough
- •Part VI. Romanticism
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •John constable
- •Part VII. The New Times
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •The Twentieth Century
- •Step 2: Spelling and Vocabulary
- •Step 3: Punctuation and Logic
- •Resource List
- •Contents
- •Авторы-составители:
5. Capitalization
Here are some rules of using capital letters (capitalization) for you to know and apply if you want your writing to be clearer and easier to read:
Capitalize
(1) the first word of every sentence:
Before commodities can be sold on the market and money received for them they have to be produced.
(2) the first word of every line of poetry:
Bright blue the sky,
Sun up on high –
That was the little boys picture.
(3) the first word of a direct quotation:
He said, “May I have a glass of water, please?”
(4) names of peoples, nations, races, religions, and languages:
Russian
English
Catholic
South American
Negro
German
(5) the names of particular organizations, buildings, schools, companies:
American Broadcasting System
Abraham Lincoln High School
International Industrial Exhibition
Astoria Hotel
N o t e: The words hotel, hospital, building, school, etc. are not capitalized when you are just writing in general about these things:
He lives in the hotel now. Father was taken to hospital this morning. She is a teacher in a school.
(6) the days of the week and the months of the year:
Tuesday
Saturday
February
Octobe
r(7) holidays:
May Day, Victory Day, the October Revolution Day, Boxing Day, Labor Day, Armistice Day.
(8) names of cities, towns, countries, states, counties:
Minsk, London, Houston, India, Maryland, Kent
(9) names of streets and avenues, boulevards, squares:
Oxford Street, Wall Street, Gorky Street, Lenin Avenue, Pennsylvania Avenue, Linden Boulevard, Times Square, Red Square.
(10) names of rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, bays:
the Mississippi River, Lake Baikal, the Black Sea, the Pacific Ocean, Hudson Bay.
(11) names of parks:
Central Park, Hyde Park, Memorial Park.
(12) first, middle and last names of people:
Mary, Peter, George Washington, John Henry Jackson, Peter the Great.
(13) first words and every important word in titles of books, plays, magazines, stories, songs, poems, etc. (Don't capitalize in titles such words as of, the, and, but, with, etc.):
The Fight with a Wolf; The Gift of the Magi; Indian Camp.
(14) names of important historical events, historical periods, historical documents:
the Great Patriotic War, Middle Ages, Potsdam Declaration.
(15) words showing a person's title, rank, profession, etc.:
Captain Fisher, Professor Borovik, President Roosevelt, Senator Kennedy, Dr. Smith.
N o t e: When the words are not attached to a specific name, they are not capitalized: The doctor went out on the porch.
(16) words showing family relationship when these are used with the name of the person involved:
Uncle John, Aunt Mary, Cousin Ann, Sister Helen.
The words Mother, Father, Grandmother and Grandfather are always capitalized when they are used instead of their names.
The children stayed at home with Grandmother.
May I go out, Mother?
(17) names of planets, constellations, stars, etc.:
Venus, Jupiter, Great Bear, Little Bear, Saturn, the Sun.
(18) the four points of the compass when they refer to parts of the world:
the North, the South, the West, the East.
N o t e: When these words are used to show direction, they are not capitalized.
Walk three miles east and one mile south and you will come to the station.
(19) abbreviations of titles and degrees, names and initials of persons, names of organizations and companies:
Dr. J.B. Horn; John Brown, M.A., Ph.D.; UNESCO; BBC.
(20) the letter I when you mean yourself:
When he and I were young, we were friends.