3. Open the brackets to put the verbs into Past Simple Passive. Then match column a with column b to make correct sentences.

Column A	Column B
1. America (discover) by	A. the French.
2. London (found) by	B. the Russians.
3. The Statue of Liberty (present) to Americans by	C. John Tolkien.
4. President Lincoln (kill) by	D. Christopher Columbus.
5. “Star Wars” (direct) by	E. Bill Gates and Paul Allen
6. Walkman cassette players (develop) by	F. the Romans.
7. “Sunflowers” (paint) by	G. an actor.
8. “The Lord of Rings” (write) by	H. the Chinese.
9. Paper (invent) by	I. Vincent van Gogh.
10. Microsoft Corporation (start) by	J. George Lucas.

4. Open the brackets to put the verbs into Past Simple Passive. Sugar

Sugar cane (grow) in India thousands of years ago. In Roman times it (know) in Europe as a great luxury. In 1493 a sugar plant (take) by Columbus to the West Indies, where it grew so well that huge plantations (start) by Europeans. The plantations (work on) by slaves. The slaves (ship) across the Atlantic from Africa on a journey that took six weeks. The empty ships then carried the sugar back to Europe. So much money (make) that sugar (know) as “white gold”.

Tobacco

For thousands of years tobacco (use) by the American Indians. In the 16^th century it (bring) to Europe. This early tobacco (mix) with soil. It (chew) or (smoke) in pipes only by men. It first (grow) commercially in America in the 17^th century on plantations. In the 18^th century the first cigarettes (produce). Until 1820 tobacco was America’s main export. Nowadays smoking is banned in many places.

5. Put questions to the italicized parts of the sentences.

Example: Jim’s car was stolen last night (2). – Whose car was stolen last night? When was Jim’s car stolen?

1. The bank robbers were punished for their crimes (2). 2. “Oliver Twist” was written by Charles Dickens (2). 3. The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell (2). 4. The photocopier was repaired last week (2). 5. These flowers were sent to me yesterday by one of my friends (3). 6. My bicycle was stolen last night (2). 7. Tobacco was first brought to Europe in the 16^th century (3). 8. Sugar cane was grown in India thousands of years ago (3). 9. This novel was translated into English last year (3). 10. My friend was promoted two weeks ago (3).

7. Turn the sentences from Active into Passive. Omit the agent if it can be omitted.

Example: They nominated this film for an Oscar. – This film was nominated for an Oscar.

1. They brought my luggage to the hotel. 2. The grandchildren often visited the old couple. 3. Madonna recorded a new CD last month. 4. They offered me a job in Spain. 5. Somebody broke into my house when I was on holiday. 6. The waiter brought me my tea. 7. I’m sure they told me the truth. 8. A huge shark attacked the diver. 9. People heard some voices in the hall last night. 10. George Orwell wrote “Animal Farm”. 11. The Egyptians built the Great Pyramids. 12. They used a computer to do that job. 13. Yesterday a dog bit him. 14. Somebody told her the bad news. 15. Fire destroyed the building.