Контрольное задание №4 Вариант 3.

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Найдите в них неличные формы глагола (инфинитив, причастие или герундий) Определите их функции в предложении. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. When reading the article he made some notes.

2. Reproducing the square waveform is necessary.

3. There is the amount of information to be measured by the logarithm of the number of available choices.

4. The techniques used should lead to low cost.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям.

1. The human voice is known to contain higher frequencies.

2. The letters of the alphabet, numbers and some punctuation symbols in the Morse code are known to be represented by a series of dots and dashes.

3. In this case we may suppose the chain of symbols to be endless.

4. Very sophisticated transmitters and receivers are sure to posses “memories”

III.Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) причастных оборотов.

1. Used to fabricate component parts, a single piece of semiconductor then becomes an entire circuit or a part of circuit.

2. Integrated into one single circuit, component parts are evaporated or electroplated.

3. Reduced weight and size are particularly important, miniaturization becoming the necessity in order to reach the high speed.

4. Being a practical enterprise in the past, microminiaturization was guided by experience.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод придаточных предложений условного наклонения.

1. If a head becomes misaligned the error will very probably exist for tapes made elsewhere that are played on that machine.

2. Were the mechanical noise, caused by the movement of the tape, no existent, we shouldn’t mention about it in specifications.

3. Had the inventer known about certain properties of this material before he would have used another material for the device.

4. Weren’t the benefits of quadrasonic available to everyone it wouldn’t be used by artists and producers so widely.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст со словарём на русский язык.

COMPUTER OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING

As has been said, all computers require a program, or list of instructions, to guide their activity. Sometimes the program is designed, or resides, within the hardware of the computer and cannot be changed without redesigning the hardware. More often, the program is entered as software into memory and may be easily removed or altered. In fact, computers that do not have a hardware program usually have several programs available in the memory at the same time. Some of these programs are employed in the general operation of the computer — that is, they control the executive functions. These programs are part of what is referred to as the OPERATING SYSTEM.

Modern computers actually have two sections to the operating system. The first and most primitive section usually is stored in a permanent memory in the hardware. This portion of the system provides setup and connections among basic computer elements, so that more general programs can be entered from a keyboard or loaded from secondary memory. In today’s personal computers this primitive operating system is the BIOS (basic input/output system) that comes with the hardware. The second portion of the system is located in secondary storage for execution when required. These more complex systems, such as DOS and UNIX, perform a wide variety of file-handling tasks using a very structured command set. Yet another layer of operating system uses graphics rather than typed commands. Examples are Windows and Apple products. All these levels have the common goal of making the machine elements interact for the purpose of transferring data.

~ 1350