Verbs and Verbal Phrases

account – считать

be dependent (on) – зависеть

be proud (of) – гордиться

be under consideration – рассматривать, обсуждать

contribute (to) – содействовать, способствовать, делать вклад

convert – превращать

dominate – доминировать, преобладать

recover (from) – выздоравливать, восcтанавливать

replace – заменять, замещать

supply (with) – снабжать, поставлять, обеспечивать

possess – владеть, обладать

Adjectives

ancient – древний, старый

substantial – существенный, заметный

valuable – ценный, дорогой

Adverbs

both – оба

both … and – как … так и

rapidly – быстро

B. Passive Vocabulary

barley - овес

beet – свекла

crop cultivation – земледелие

dairy farming – разведение молочного скота

fabric – ткань, материя

fall-out – выпадение радиоактивных осадков, радиоактивные осадки

flax – лен

live-stock breeding – животноводство

lumber – лесоматериалы

oats – овес

ply-wood – фанера

rye – рожь

sawmill – лесопилка

drain – осушать

relieve – облегчать, уменьшать

fertile – плодородный

Class exercises

1. Repeat and translate into Russian

1. the following words with the stress on the first syllable:

access, timber, dominate, ancient, valuable, rapidly, fertile, industry

2. the following words with the stress on the second syllable:

amount, equipment, expenditure, account, contribute, convert, recover, replace, supply, possess, substantial, economy, academy

3. the following words and word combinations with two or more stresses:

be under consideration, live-stock breeding, agricultural, radiation fall-out, be proud of, be dependent on

2. Repeat and translate into Russian the following sentences

1. Belarus is both agricultural and industrial country. 2. Agriculture dominated the economy for centuries. 3. Agriculture has been replaced by industry. 4. Belarus possesses valuable stands of forest. 5. Russia supplies most of the country’s fuel imports. 6. Belarus is a republic of ancient culture. 7. Belarus received the highest amounts of radiation fall-out. 8. Industry recovered rapidly in postwar years.

3. Form and translate into Russian

1. nouns of the following verbs using the suffixes –tion, -ion, -ment, -ence

dominate, replace, contribute, cultivate, convert, locate, produce, develop, depend, possess, consider

b) verbs of the following nouns

replacement, contribution, production, cultivation, convertion, development, destruction, generation, dependence, consideration, education, foundation, relation

4. Arrange the words of the two groups in pairs with similar meaning

1. possess, connect, be located, produce, important, extensive, contribute, amount, ancient, rapidly, valuable, be under consideration.

2. link, create, have, significant, old, be situated, wide, number, worth, give, quickly, think about

5. Arrange the words of the two groups in pairs with contrary meaning

1. poor, recover, include, destroy, rapidly, major, dependence, ancient, underdeveloped, the most fertile

2. independence, exclude, create, rich, minor, new, slowly, destroy, developed, the least fertile

6. Make up your own sentences using the following words and word combinations

access to seas, to be dependent on, substantial amount, to connect, ancient traditions, equipment, both … and, to dominate, to be proud of