курс лекцийt
.pdfapaaarypy. |
ApadaTypa B C P ~ T O30Ee~ |
CTaBHTCR |
KOHCTPYKTlBHO |
H B paCqeTe |
||
ne ysxrarnaerca. |
b y ~ i l s p o s ~cepeHnR paccwTnsaIorcR KaK |
Tasposne c |
||||
nonlioli B |
cxaroPi |
3088. Bpy~Hes u m |
c ~ P O E H P I , |
Hanpaxep, |
n-odpaame |
|
( p e d p n c ~ n enaaeaur) (Pnc.3.5), ~ o p o b s a m e ,nycroTwue |
~ P I B O ~ J T T C RnpB |
pacrleTe no nposrrocra K aKsassaemmaa Tasposnla. iililp~lsape6pa BKBH-
saneHrHpro cegeiim npuauuaercH |
p a s ~ o f lc v a p ~ o mapurrrel ace x cTeaox |
||||||||||||||
CIIOlliEiOI'O |
CBYeHHR. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
nonm TaspoBoro ceseHaR no LnMpnKe pa6o~amrHepasHoMepHo, no |
|||||||||||||||
Mepe m a a e s n s om |
pe6pa OHM areame yt4acTBym a |
padore |
cesetrm. |
||||||||||||
B B O ~ I I Ys~pacpeTR |
m p m a |
non m |
8; |
C ~ T O3Po m TaBposoro c e y a a m |
|||||||||||
noniasa 6 n ~ bHe donee I/6 |
nponera |
~ n e u e x ~naa e donee |
rioaoamm pac4 |
||||||||||||
CTOAHHR B |
C B ~ T Y%9myc o c e a s a u |
p e d p m . |
B sneraemax c |
nonaom TOE- |
|||||||||||
QZHOE |
h; |
<ql h |
asoaava* |
a pacqer |
mapma |
a a a o r o |
caeca |
s e n o m s a |
|||||||
npesiimara |
6ht . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
IIpm |
pacqelre |
secynlei! |
c u o c o 6 a o c ~TaspoBmc~ |
cerleamrti p a a m p a m |
||||||||||
Ecna |
rpaHnrIa |
cara~ofla o m |
npoxozprr |
B ~ O B H(Puc~ |
.3.6a), |
T.e. |
BNcoTa |
||||||||
cxaroti 3 o m |
x |
a r e ~ m ewm pasaa |
auccrre nonm |
I |
, T O c e ~ e a ~, e |
||||||||||
hf |
|||||||||||||||
PaCCsHTHBaeTCR KaK |
npfiMOyFOabBOe, |
C pa3MepWll |
9; |
M ho (HB RC. |
|||||||||||
3.6a |
oso noxasatro |
I I ~ A R T M ~ OCY~ B) ,Y By c ~ m t jB 311~paHanPmeIIw~ocTa- |
|||||||||||||
mrcn r a m m |
r e , |
xaK ul npn pacperre |
npmogronLwax. |
cesearaP. |
npa s r o u |
||||||||||
nonmo codnm,qa~bc~ycnosne |
*, , , |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Plac.3.66), |
ycnosne |
(3.16) s e c o d m ~ e e r c r t . B TOM c a p e 6 m o l a a s |
||
clsaroa 3 o m |
CePeHm |
A4 cocToaT a 3 crerofi aowr pedpa |
40, |
csecox |
IIOZKM |
(Pnc.3.6~,r): |
|
|
|
YiarabamuuI laoMem M , socnprna~~aemblilcepeanera, |
6gaer |
c m a w - |
1
I
I
I
I
- lasr~6aplmPMolrear, ~ocnpman~aeuui!csecalw nonox:
Eo ~ c e xc x p a m , |
npn p a c v e ~ eaaradaauux anelaea~oanonxao codnm- I |
|
nerhca ycnome '/h0 |
=f c 'la |
.920 ycxome onpenenser M a r |
CBMEIIbEOB HaC~0ES98CBQBBMR B P U ~ T ~ ~ HOP^~ . Dl?PBHHVKBBDT PI U B E -
laanbaoe K O ~ I E ~ ~ ~ C Tpa~TmylfoPIB O apuaTyp B CBO~BEE. O T H O D ~ H H ~1~1018- am p a c ~ a a y ~ oapvaryplfi AS K padotlet ruxowazw c e ~ o a a naasuaaeTcfl
Co~epsaaueaplrargpn B cepesma M O P ~ T6 ~ Bupaxeiio~6 Tame ~ e p e s
lb
npoqem apuaponaaas:
n p o s e p ~ a1 i e o 6 x o ~ n ~ o c ~pacqerau npowiocrn |
no naKnoHHoMg ceqefim. |
||||||
. P a c s e ~aaxnoamx cese~uffno nonepew08 cane. |
A p ~ m p o s a ~ naarrabaewx |
||||||
~ ~ ~ M O H TnonapesaoBO apbia~ypoh. |
|
|
|
|
|
||
P a a p y m e ~ ~nes r ~ d a e ~ o raoe n e a o 6 e ~ o ~ ~ oaneMearao Moater |
npoaa* |
||||||
RTH He TOnbKO no HOpMaAbkIOMy, |
HO Jf no HaKxOHHOMy CeseHHm, |
06blq~0 |
|||||
pacnonomaeaAovy ~ 6 ~ 1 1 1onopn,3~ |
rne |
n e f i c r a p r |
XaK |
rasrsdaiouwe |
Ibouearbl, |
||
Tax LI ~ H ~ P M T ~ I I LnonepewmeH N ~ |
c |
~ m(PHc.:,%). |
|
|
C o o ~ s e ~ c ~ s e a xyaco,- |
||
ctraTpnaamT nsa |
B O ~ M O cnyqaE~ X |
paspymetinn |
no Haxnoauolag c e s e a m - |
||||
OT rnarndalomero |
MoMewTa M n |
OT |
nonepe~~iojCLIJIHi |
9 . |
|
nepsntl |
csrysaa |
H ~ ~ |
J I ~ A ~Torza,C~ Rworm BCR aparaTypa, nepecepa- |
|||||||||
w a s n e ~ n o ~ ~ Tpeanny,r o |
z o c z m a e r |
c ~ o u xnpezen?,nm |
a ~ a ~ e ~ r QTOn l , |
|||||||||
npi.BoAk¶T K |
a a a s n ~ e n b a o ~pacwparrmloy r p e w s |
{Pac.4. Ia). |
P a c ~ p n r r ~ e |
|||||||||
H ~ K X O H H O TPB4KIlbl~ ~ |
COnpOBOBL48eTCR |
COKPa[PBHPIBM BNCOTP c H B T O ~ 80HH C |
||||||||||
nOCA€!AylOIQHM |
0e |
pa3p~tIJeHHeM. Tawoe |
Fa3p~IliaHMenpOHCXOAllT OT ~6ficTBHfl |
|||||||||
Maradamqero |
uolaeHra |
no a a w o ~ a o f iTpewne. |
Ha Pnc.4.2 |
n o ~ e a a a apac- |
||||||||
9eTH8fl CXBMB y~M31Wa B HaK1IOBEOM CeYBHMkl. |
B He@ IIPBHRTP CA6,ZLJDQMe |
|||||||||||
0603H ~ P ~ H H R . |
|
|
- AAOQ8A 5 C6'IBHSIfl XOMJTOBi |
Aq $ - m 0 ~ a A b |
||||||||
CBleHllK OTOX'HYTNX |
C T B P X H ~ ~ ~ ; R |
|
- P8C'IBTHOB COnPOTklBlBIiH~ |
|||||||||
nonepesnon |
apuarypn |
pacrszlrtenaa3; |
zS- paccToRnxe or pasiio~eficr- |
|||||||||
symmetf |
ycnnan |
B npo~onbaoZapbiarype |
,qo p a ~ ~ o ~ a f i c ~ s y r o uycan14Wreti B |
|||||||||
cdaros |
a o ~ e ; |
C |
- Anma n p o e a x a |
aandonee onacHoro |
cepeHm aa |
|||||||
npononsllyn |
o m BneYeHTa; |
Qg - |
nonepewme ycm.ne, |
BocnpnRmaeme |
||||||||
~ ~ T O H OcjiiaTOaM |
3 0 H h l . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Jposrroc~i,anenema |
no HaIuromoaay ceqetrm |
aa |
~ e f i c ~ s eae3 r x 6 a b |
|||||||||
u e r o Momma ooecnesnsaeTcK ycnomeu |
|
|
|
|
PPHIOSDHIIR ~ ~ B H o ~ ~ B ~ c YT~ kBl j Y~I f~i O&U ~ 5~ CIXaTOfi~ 3yHe. : ~ O ~ O R T E ,
M~,kG~ils;- OnpsnenRorcn naw c y u s uwenros |
orHocaTanaao TOR se |
||
TOrIIiM 2T YCInMti, COOTBeTCTBeBHO, |
B I I ~ ~ A O I I ~ LBPMaTYPe,I O ~ ~ |
XOMjrTaX kI |
|
O T T L ~ ~nepeceKaeblnur~X, aarcnoaaurr |
ceqetilaela: |
|
|
TOT FaCYeT MOEH G He nPOMi3BOAMTb1 eCm B C 9 tIpOaOXbLIaR apMaTypa |
|||
ZoBeAefla a o onopu m meeT saAexHoe cuennenae c |
6 e ~ o t i o ~P.a c n e ~Ha- |
xnomiux ceneiiua na ~eBcrBaeMoreaTe..! nponaBoAMrcR B laecTax ~ 8 ~ e ~ a
Ella npoHonsKoro aparwposarrRu mnM |
pesxoro s s ~ e ~ e a nxobfi-Qnrypar~na |
||
aneMeHra |
(yeda~biilexneauco~hlunn |
m p a m ceueanfi, |
ocna6nesiae 0 ~ 1 1 9 ~ - |
CTMAMMM |
r.0.); |
|
|
npovaocrb s x e u e e ~ ano xarcnoiiaolay cevefflalo s a |
zeflcrsule, nonepen- |
||
802 c a m |
(sropoB cJrgsal pespymenas) b y n e ~o6ecneve~a. ecm cobrrro- |
||
AaeTcB gcnoBxe: |
|
|
erclliitt Ha aepTaicaxaaym oca npezenaam yc~nsmB xoaryTax a O T ~ H ~ ~ X , nepecewalomuu: onacagn aaruroatrya, TpenyEy.
cam C B O ~ I T C RR |
onpezenerrm S - ~ ~ C C T O ~vEeRw xouyfam (ma~a |
|
X O M ~ T OBaverp) . |
xosayro~npmamuaercfl (13 gcnosmR csapm) ae Merree |
:.+, |
I,f3 maaaerpa npo;l[onb~oi4aplaarypn. |
I |
|
|
|
ap~arypoiB s m e xoMyroa, osa onpeaeasercn n3 gcnosan |
|
Os4=Qs |
(4.7) |
Co npmavvaelcn tle donee 2 h. |
a ae 6onee saasemr |
C ( P M c . ~ . ~ ) , . |
|
= 0,s |
, cornaciio (4.8) M |
(4.10) npm C = C, |
lyeev |
o t s ~ = p w
=/z ~ ~ 8 h t ~ ;
OT m a |
|
2 |
|
q wZo,zsQ72R.rtdh. |
(4.11) . |
B 6anoswrx |
~ o a c r p y w mmcorof caarlne I50 laaa, a |
r a m e B saao- |
|||
I'OIIYCTOTHUX |
LlJILI |
p66plb~ThU(M M T U B ~ ~ C O T60188O ~ 300 U He |
UPHOIIOP |
||
HbUC DaCTKaX, PBBWU: I / 4 |
UPOJI8T8, AOXBLRa YCTaBBBlISfBaTbCR ll0Uepe~- |
||||
naii apuargpa c marou: npa |
maoTe c e s e m s snelaea~ah |
pa~aomn w |
|||
Mesee 450 u - ae donee |
h/2 la s e donee I50 bw; npu |
h |
donee 450 |
||
C |
h/3 H 88 6onee 500 YU. Ha oc~ansaol'isacrvl nponera nouc |
||||
ne donee |
|||||
pewan apvlaTypa ycraHasmBaercs c marovl ae 6onee 3/4 |
h |
m ne 6081 |
|||
, 500 m. |
|
|
|
|
|
Ecm nonepesrroe apvlvlponaavle E ~ O ~ X O A S ~ MnoO pacseTy, r o mar
Cgrq~oc~bnpeaBapHTB~MQ-88UpTi.BEHOrO reneaobero~a . 06nacr.b
IIpkTMBHeHHfi. c i ' f 0 ~ 0 6COaaaEEfi~ npBABapYlTBJIbEOI'0 iiaUpRX0Hvlfi B SBnBaC
~ ~ T o H HsnelaearaxU . MaT~p~aJIt4 a ~npez[saprrelrhabeanpRaeaHw xoa- c~pysqmf. A R K ~ P H H ~C T P O ~ ~ C T B BObwe. c s e z t e ~ a so pacPeTe npeamapa- renbao-aanp~xeamx xoacrpyxm~ .
IIps patSolre o6armux ~ s r a 6 a e mxeneao6eroawur snaMeeToB B ~ p t
pacTflByrol aoHe npm sxcnnyaramoamx aarpgaeax BoaHHxanr ~ p e ~ q a m
Eca% rasrndaeuafl saeYeHr apwpoBaH aplaarypoll Iuraccoa |
A-n, A-JR, TO |
||
npu a ~ c n r r g a ~ a q a o ~aarpyaxe~oii nanpmems B apvargpe |
cocraaRr 200, |
||
300 I 5 a , npn |
aroM mpaaa pacKptirms penl la^ 6yner ueHme aonycxaeuc |
||
A n R aopvanaiiol attcnnyaTaqm xoacTpywan. |
|
||
&nn MU |
3aXOTXM nCUOlIb3OBa!C&BHCOKOIlpOsHylo C T e p Z i e B ~apua- |
||
~ y p yYJBCCOB |
k-Y, |
A-YI ~ n sacorconpowyiu npoBonoKy xnacca BlI, r |
|
Y T G ~ Nara apuaTgpa |
pedorana sg@ema~~o,oaa nonma |
mlaerb npM |
I
/
r
-
I
1 -
i
i
a~cnxyz~a~HoiiEioR r p p a ~rianpmeam nopmKa 900.. .I200 Ma
~ P T3E .W HaIlPfiXU6BHLIffX 3ABMeHT 6 y ~ e fEMeTb TpeIIUSIiH C HeAOQCT- |
|
pacHpnrrkiesa a n o s ~ o ~~y~ m l a r csse o 6 x o m aKcnngaTaqvloarwr xanecrB |
|
( r e c r ~ o c r aonrosawoc~n), |
. 3ro nenaer seBoavolpabtm npaveaeBne |
mco~onpourroilapararyp B Koacrpywuw. U p ~ ~ ~ e a e aBa~e~ O O K O X X ~ O P ~ cranes h ~ ~ T O E O no3~ozaerB CoEpaTmTb pacxogd epverypn no 70$, yuew-
~ T paexonE |
derosa |
H Yaccy K O B C T ~ ~ F C ~ K IB, T O BP8MRI KBK C T O ~ M O C T ~ |
|
pacref sesaanrmrenaao. llp~vesesme~ ~ c o ~ c o u p o ~Marepaanoswm |
oxaaanoca |
||
B03edOXHU! TOAbKO B |
IIp13aBaPBTeJIbBO I i ~ I I p W B EICOHCTP;VEEUYIm~. |
||
Upen~aprarens~oaanpszeawrv~Haamam f a m e areneao6eroame |
|||
s n e a r e a ~ ~B, KOTOPHX |
B npogecce ~ B ~ O T O B HncwccTseaao~ E ~ ~ |
CoazamcR |
snyrpeaarae clgvuraawe aanpmeaas, xolroprme 6 y ~ npenmcTBosarrsy~ o6pa-
aosarjnn, Tpearma B nepnoa HX aacmyaranaa.
~ T CZKMBDQfX8A E8UPRX8BBR ~ 8 ~BCBFO'8 % COBHBDTCR I I J T B I ITpe;488PB-
renzaoro nanpmeamrs agualryp n n o c a e m e i ! s a e x r i o l arixepo~tcolee
B 6 0 ~ 0 ~ ~ .
Ilpeasaparenbaoe aanpmeapre apuaeypid u p m e a m B anenemax, B
xoropsuc nps axcmymama BoaHplKam pacrmnBamlqnte sanpsxeaas:
qeelrpansao H B H ~ ~ ~ H T ~p~aBc E~Om y ~ I~I ~eY ~ E T(peaep~yaptiY . aanopwle rpybmr, apraraae noma ~ e p u ,aarRtKpr apoK a ~p.1; raarabaewe (mna noxpm~fim nepeKpTnP, pnrem , uamcH onop maafl sneimponepeltas); BFIeQeHTpeHEO CmTUe (~0A0~Hbl~POolltltlIUeIi~H O ~ ~ ~ C T B ~SHAB~ ~E ~HX~ ,
CTO#KMP8M fi AP.). |
|
|
|
O C H O B R ~ I~OCIPOBECTBB IIpBABapHT81680 HBIIPXXBEElJX KOECTP~EQM#- |
|||
BPCOKBR T ~ ~ ~ H O C T O ~ KI4OPBCTEOCT5;~ |
B03YOICEOCTb HCnOXBOBBT5 ABR |
||
HX 83l'Ol'OBPeBBR BhlCOKOIIP09EHe |
CTaJIH II |
6 e ~ o m .P T O |
aEaPffTU6BUSEO P8C- |
lnapRer 06nacfb pawoaaabaoro |
npmaaeaeliwn xeneaobe~osa, n o 3 ~ o m e r |
||
cyrqecrseaao y s e m r b nponena |
~ o a c r p y w i l . |
|
|
IIpep,Bapnlrears~oeHaapnareiiHe aplaaTyprr uorer 6 |
~ ocyaecrsneao~5 |
||
nsbo 20, m6 0 nocne rsepaeam |
beroaa, |
Cyqecrsyer m a oc~osarsr |
cnocoda |
HaTflSleHbIfl apMaTgphl: HaTFrmeHHe Ha |
ynOpM |
HaTflXeHMe Ha 601 |
llpa |
riar~seaama a ynoph~apMarypy AO |
b e ~ o a a p o s a ~yau ~am s a s o r |
B npoemio e nonoxenlde. Onan na e e KOHUOB 3ah'pennm ~Ha ynopax care
aaoB, |
Q o p ~naa noRqoeoB, |
K Apyrouly npaKnamBam |
a a r m o e ycrpoRc7 |
||||||||
(Pnc. 5.18) a |
n p o s a ~ o ~ aarsxetiner. |
nocne sToro |
yxnamarllaror d e r o a |
||||||||
cuec s K z a m |
eLi |
sabparb |
70.75% npoeKraol nposrrocra, aaTeaa oc~obo - |
||||||||
u a n r |
KOHW |
apuargpM o r |
ynopon. |
A p ~ a ~ y p ac!rpeuscb, Boccraaosnrb |
|||||||
caon, nepsoaaPanbaylo AnMay, o 6 w a e r |
deroa. |
nsfl |
r o r o , s r o d ~a e |
6h1~ |
|||||||
czsnr a |
apMarypH |
O T B O C ~ T ~ ~ 6~ eErOo ~ a ,088 a o n m a |
M M ~ xopomeeT ~ |
cqr |
|||||||
nneane |
c beroaom. IIpu acnmbaosatinr |
d e ~ o a aBFJCOKI~X XaaccoB apaaaT: |
|||||||||
nepaonasecKoro |
npowna |
odnaplaer |
zocraroymar |
cuenJreHmela c derotiou |
|||||||
LI He T P ~ ~ YCEeQiiaJIbW~ T |
8HKBpBblX ~ C T P O R C T B . B CnyPa0 HeaOCTaTOT |
||||||||||
HOP0 |
CgeIUIeEHfl |
aPMaTYpU |
C |
6 8 ~ 0 8 0H ~B O ~ X O ~ L ~ ~MCOT P O B C T B O 2!If?QlalIir. |
|||||||
HbIX |
8HKBpOB. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Harflxeane |
apMaTypH MOPeT 6 h l ~ bOCmeCTBJI0HO H 0 C K O I L K M U CnO- |
c o 6 a ~ n :vexasmsecmy, |
~ n e m p o ~ e p ~ n s e c~~a ne ~ ,~ p o r e p ~ o ~ e x a i |
@ H ~ H K O - Z Z ~ M ~ ~ C K MnpLIM . |
MeXaHH9BCKOM cnoc06e 8pMaTypg l3aTRI'HBaDT |
rkinpammqecrmlaa ZolaKparaaaa. 3ns~~poreplamr~ecmL!cnocod oceosaa H a |
csoPcrse cranm y.umafiebc~n p ~aarpes e a JrKopasmaTbcfl npn ocrblsa nar. Harpewe snempmecxplla TOHOH no 301i-40O0~apuarypme s a r o r c yiaamBaaDT B Q o p ~16 K O H ~nx a a ~ p e m ma 8 x e c r m x Topqax @opw KOTOpHe np0nffTCl'ByloT JKOpasnBaBMQ apMaTyphI ILpM OCThIBaHKU, Bsarop seuy B xeh BoamxaloT a a ~ a PacTflrmaDwe~~~ HanpflxeRnH. llocne 6e
HnpOBaHIlfl Ll sa6opa npOsHOCTH TOEOM OM, apMaTgpJ O C E O ~ O W ~ R ; OT~ [ ~ Dy1T
POB |
M II~OMCXOAEI To d x a ~ n e6 e ~ 0 ~ a3.n e m p o r e p ~ o ~ e x a ~ n s a c ~cnococ~1Pi |
||
n p e z c r a ~ n ~ econeramr e anex!rporepmsecxoro a |
YexaHnsecxoro cnocc |
||
60s |
Yarsixenafl, ocyaecrsnflemx |
oAaospeueaHo. |
Qv;anKo - mnuec~a &cr |
co6 |
~ a r ~ x e ~McnonbayePcfl; npvr |
n 3 r o r o s n e ~ acaMoHanpflxeamx~ K O H ( |
|
pyKsni4, B KoropnK npezBapxTexaaoe narsxeeae |
apnaTypn nocTsraeTcr |
B Pe3YJIbTaTe PaCmMpeflUR ~ ~ T O KIlp~I'OTOB~e~BOI'O,He CIIeULlaJIbHOM