ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

1.49

FIGURE 1.18	Example of a chi-
ral plane.

FIGURE	1.19	Viewing angle as a means of designating the absolute config-
uration	of	compounds with a chiral axis. (	a ) (R )-2-Butanol (sequence clock-
wise); (		b ) (S )-2-butanol (sequence counterclockwise).

	Absolute Configuration.				The terms absolute stereochemistry and absolute configuration are used
to describe the three-dimensional arrangement of substituents around a chiral element. A general
system for designating absolute configuration is based upon the priority system and sequence rules.
Each group attached to a chiral center is assigned a number, with number one the highest-priority
group. For example, the groups attached to the chiral center of 2-butanol (see Fig. 1.19) are assigned
these priorities: 1 for OH, 2 for CH					2CH	3 , 3 for CH 3 , and 4 for H. The molecule is then viewed from
the side opposite the group of lowest priority (the hydrogen atom), and the arrangement of the
remaining groups is noted. If, in proceeding from the group of highest priority to the group of second
priority and thence to the third, the eye travels in a clockwise direction, the configuration is specified
R	(from the Latin		rectus,	“right”); if the eye travels in a counterclockwise direction, the configuration
is specified		S	(from the Latin		sinister,	“left”). The complete name includes both configuration and
direction of optical rotation, as for example, (						S )-( )-2-butanol.
	The relative configurations around the chiral centers of many compounds have been established.
One optically active compound is converted to another by a sequence of chemical reactions which
are stereospecific; that is, each reaction is known to proceed spatially in a specific way. The config-
uration of one chiral compound can then be related to the configuration of the next in sequence. In
order to establish absolute configuration, one must carry out sufficient stereospecific reactions to
relate a new compound to another of known absolute configuration. Historically the configuration
of	D -( )-2,3-dihydroxypropanal has served as					the standard to which all configuration has been
compared. The absolute configuration assigned to this compound has been confirmed by an X-ray
crystallographic technique.
1.1.5		Chemical Abstracts Indexing System

When compounds of complex structure are considered, the number of name possibilities grows rapidly. To avoid having index entries for all possible names, Chemical Abstracts Service has developed what might be called the principle of inversion. The indexing system employs inverted

1.50					SECTION 1
entries to bring together related compounds in an alphabetically arranged index. The							index heading
parent	from the Chemical Substance Index appears in the Formula Index in lightface before the
“comma of inversion.” The				substituents	follow the “comma of inversion” in alphabetical order. Any
name modification		appears on		a separate line. If necessary, the chemical		description is completed
by citation of an associated ion, a functional derivative, a “salt with” or “compound with” term,
and/or a stereochemical descriptor.
Quite naturally there is a certain amount of arbitrariness in this system, although the IUPAC
nomenclature is followed. The preferred					Chemical Abstracts	index names for	chemical substances
have been, with very few exceptions,				continued unchanged (since 1972) as set forth in the			Ninth
Collective Index Guide			and in a journal article.* Any revisions appear in the updated				Index Guide;
new editions appear at 18-month intervals. Appendix VI is of particular interest to chemists. Reprints
of the Appendix may be purchased from Chemical Abstracts Service, Marketing Division, P.O. Box
3012, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
*J. Chem. Doc.		14 (1):3–15 (1974).

ORGANIC

COMPOUNDS

1.51

TABLE 1.13

Names and Formulas of Organic Radicals

For more comprehensive lists, see the various lists of radicals given in the subject indexes of the annual and

decennial

indexes of

Chemical Abstracts.

Name

Formula

Name

Formula

Acenaphthenyl

C 12H 9 9

Azido

N

3 9

Acenaphthenylene

9C

12H 8 9

Azino

"N 9N "

Acenaphthenylidene

C 12H 8 "

Azo

9N "N 9

Acetamido

CH

3

9CO

9NH

9

Azoxy

9N(O)

9N

9

Acetimidoyl

CH

3 C(

"NH)

9

Azulenyl

C

10H 79

Acetoacetyl

CH

3 9CO

9CH

2 9CO

9

Benzamido

C

6H

59CO

9NH

9

Acetohydrazonoyl

CH

3 9C(

"NNH

2) 9

Benzeneazo

C

6H

59N "N 9

Acetohydroximoyl

CH

3 9C(

"NOH)

9

Benzeneazoxy

C

6H

59N

2O

9

Acetonyl

CH

3 9CO

9CH

2 9

1,2-Benzenedicarbonyl,

Acetonylidene

CH

3

9CO

9CH

"

see

Phthaloyl

Acetoxy

CH

3 9CO

9O

9

1,3-Benzenedicarbonyl (

or

9CO

9C

6H 4 9CO

9 (m- )

Acetyl (

not ethanoyl

)

CH

3

9CO

9

isophthaloyl

)

Acetylamino

CH

3 9CO

9NH

9

1,4-Benzenedicarbonyl (

or

9CO

9C

6H 4 9CO

9 (p- )

Acetylhydrazino

CH

3

9CO

9NH 9NH 9

terephthaloyl

)

Acetylimino

CH

3 9CO

9N

"

Benzenesulfinyl

C

6H

59SO

9

Acridinyl (

from acridine

)

NC

13H 8 9

Benzenesulfonamido

C

6H

59SO

2 9NH

9

Acroyloyl (

or propenoyl

)

CH

2 "CH

9CO

9

Benzenesulfonyl

C

6H

59SO 2 9

Adipoyl (

or hexanedioyl

)

9CO

9[CH 2]4 9CO

9

Benzenesulfonylamino

C

6H

59SO

2 9NH

9

Alanyl

CH

3 9CH(NH

2) 9CO

9

Benzenetriyl

C

6H

3 9

-Alanyl

H 2N

9CH

2 9CH

2 9CO

9

Benzhydryl (

or diphenyl-

(C

6H 5)2CH

9

Allyl (

or 2-propenyl

)

CH

2 "CH

9CH

2 9

methyl

)

Allylidene

CH

2 "CH

9CH

"

Benzidino

p -H2N

9C

6H 4 9C

6H 4 9

Allyloxy

CH

2 "CH

9CH 2 9O 9

NH

9

Amidino

H 2N

9C( "NH) 9

Benziloyl (

or 2-hydroxy-

(C

6H 5)2C(OH)

9CO

9

Amino

H 2N

9

2,2-diphenylethanoyl

)

Aminomethyleneamino

H 2N

9CH "N 9

Benzimidazolyl

N

2C

7H 59

Aminooxy

H 2N

9O

9

Benzimidoyl

C

6H

59C( "NH) 9

Ammonio

H 3 N

9

Benzofuranyl

OC

8 H 59

Amyl,

see

Pentyl

Benzopyranyl

OC

9H 79

Anilino

C 6H 59NH

9

Benzoquinonyl (1,2- or

(O

")2C

6H 3 9

Anisidino (

o-, m-,

or

CH

3 O

9C

6H 4 9NH

9

1,4-)

p- )

Benzo[ b ]thienyl

SC

8 H 59

Anisoyl (

o-, m-, or

CH

3 O

9C

6H 4 9CO

9

Benzoyl

C

6H

59CO

9

p- ;or methoxyben-

Benzoylamino

C

6H

59CO

9NH

9

zoyl

)

Benzoylhydrazino

C

6H

59CO

9NH 9NH 9

Anthraniloyl

o -NH 2 9C

6H 4 9CO

9

Benzoylimino

C

6H

59CO

9N

"

Anthryl (

from anthracene

)

C 14H 9 9

Benzoyloxy

C

6H

59CO

9O

9

Anthrylene

9C

14H 8 9

Benzyl

C

6H

59CH 2 9

Arginyl

H 2N

9C( "NH) 9NH 9

Benzylidene

C

6H

59CH

"

[CH 2]3 9CH(NH)

9

Benzylidyne

C

6H

59C

#

CO

9

Benzyloxy

C

6H

59CH 2 9O 9

Asparaginyl

H 2N

9CO

9CH

2 9

Benzyloxycarbonyl

C

6H

59CH

2 9O

9CO 9

CH(NH

2)9CO 9

Benzylthio

C

6H

59CH 2 9S 9

Aspartoyl

9CO

9CH 2 9

Biphenylenyl

C

12H 79

CH(NH

2)9CO

9

Biphenylyl

C

6H

59C

6H 4 9

-Aspartyl

HO

2C 9CH 2CH(NH

2)9

Bornenyl

C

10H 159

Atropoyl (

or 2-phenylpro-

C 6H 59C(

"CH

2) 9CO

9

Bornyl (

not

camphyl or

C

10H 179

penoyl

)

bornylyl

)

Azelaoyl,

see Nonane-

Bromo

Br 9

dioyl

Bromoformyl

Br 9CO

9

1.52

SECTION

1

TABLE 1.13

Names and Formulas of Organic Radicals (

Continued

)

Name

Formula

Name

Formula

Bromonio

HBr

9

Cinnamoyl (

or 3-phenyl-

C

6H 59CH

"CH

9CO

Butadienyl (1,3- shown)

CH

2 "CH

9CH

"CH

9

propenoyl

)

Butanedioyl,

see

Succinyl

Cinnamyl

C

6H 59CH

"CH 9CH 2 9

Butanediylidene

"CH 9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Cinnamylidene

C

6H 59CH

"CH 9CH "

CH

"

Citraconoyl (

unsubstituted

HC

9CO

9

Butanediylidyne

#C

9CH

2 9CH

2 9C

#

only

)

CH

3

9C 9CO

9

Butanoyl,

see Butyryl

Crotonoyl

CH

9CH

"CH

9CO

9

cis -Butenedioyl,

see

Ma-

3

(trans )

leoyl

Crotyl,

see

2-Butenyl

trans -Butenedioyl,

see Fu-

Cumenyl (

o-, m-, or p- )

(CH

3 )2CH

9C 6H 4 9

maroyl Butenoyl,

see

Cyanato

NCO

9

Crotonoyl and Isocroto-

Cyano

NC

9

noyl

Cyclobutyl

C

4 H 79

1-Butenyl

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH

"CH

9

Cycloheptyl

C

7H 139

2-Butenyl (

not crotyl

)

CH

3 9CH

"CH

9CH 2 9

Cyclohexadienyl (2,4-

CH

"CH

9CH

9

2-Butenylene

9CH 2 9CH "CH 9

shown)

CH "CH 9CH 2

CH

2 9

Butenylidene (

2- shown

)

CH

3 CH

"CH

9CH "

Cyclohexadienylidene

CH 9CH 2 9C

Butenylidyne (

2- shown

)

CH

3

9CH

"CH 9C #

(2,4- shown)

Butoxy

CH

3 9[CH 2]3 9O 9

Cyclohexanecarbonyl

CH

9CH

CH

sec -Butoxy (

unsubstituted

C

2H 59CH(CH

3 )9O 9

C

6H

119CO

9

Cyclohexanecarbothioyl

only

)

C

6H

119CS

9

Cyclohexanecarboxamido

tert -Butoxy (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )3 C 9O

9

C

6H

119CO

9NH

9

Cyclohexanecarboximidoyl

only

)

C

6H

119C(

"NH)

9

Cyclohexenyl

Butyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]3 9 or

C 6H 9 9

2-Cyclohexenylidene

C 4 H 9 9

CH "CH 9C

sec -Butyl (

unsubstituted

C

2H 59CH(CH

3 )9

H

2C

9CH

CH

only

)

Cyclohexyl

2

2

C

6H

119

tert -Butyl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )3 C 9

Cyclohexylcarbonyl

C

6H

119CO

9

only

)

Cyclohexylene

9C 6H 109

Butylidene

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH

2 9CH

"

Cyclohexylidene

CH

2 9CH

2 9C

sec -Butylidene (

unsubsti-

C

2H 5C(CH

3 ) "

tuted only

)

3 9[CH 2]2 9C #

Cyclohexylthiocarbonyl

CH 2 9CH 2 9CH 2

Butylidyne

CH

C

6H

119CS

9

Butyryl (

or

butanoyl

)

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH

2 9CO

9

Cyclopentadienyl

C

5H

59

Camphoroyl

C

10H 14O 2 9

Cyclopentadienylidene

CH "CH 9CH "CH 9C "

Carbamoyl

H 2N

9CO

9

Cyclopenta[

a ]phenanthryl

C

17H 179

Carbazolyl

NC

12H 8 9

1,2-Cyclopentenophenan-

C

17H 119

Carbazoyl

H 2N

9NH 9CO 9

thryl

Carbonimidoyl

9C(

"NH)

9

Cyclopentenyl

C

5H

79

Carbonohydrazido (

pre-

H 2N

9NH

9CO

9NH

9

Cyclopentyl

C

5H

9 9

ferred

to

carbohydazido

NH

9

Cyclopentylene

9C

5H 8 9

or carbazido

)

Cyclopropyl

C

3 H

59

Carbonyl

9CO

9 or

"C(O)

Cysteinyl

HS

9CH 2 9CH(NH

2) 9

Carbonyldioxy

9O

9CO

9O 9

CO

9

Carboxy

HO

2C

9

Cystyl

9CO

9CH(NH

2) 9

Carboxylato

9O

2C

9

CH 2 9S 9S

9CH

2 9

Chloro

Cl

9

CH(NH

2)9CO

9

Chlorocarbonyl,

see

Chlo-

Decanedioyl

9CO

9[CH 2]8 9CO

9

roformyl

Decanoyl

CH

3

9[CH 2]8 9CO

9

Chloroformyl

Cl

9C(O)

9

Decyl

CH

3

9[CH 2]9 9

Chlorosyl

OCl

9

Diacetoxyiodo

(CH

3 9CO

9O)

2I 9

Chlorothio

ClS

9

Diacetylamino

(CH

3 9CO)

2N

9

Chloryl

O

2Cl

9

Diaminomethyleneamino

(NH

2)2C "N 9

ORGANIC

COMPOUNDS

1.53

TABLE 1.13

Names and Formulas of Organic Radicals (

Continued

)

Name

Formula

Name

Formula

Diazo

"N

2

Fluorenyl

C 13H 9 9

Diazoamino

9N "N 9NH 9

Fluoro

F 9

Dibenzoylamino

(C

6H 59CO)

2N

9

Fluoroformyl

F 9CO

9

Dichloroiodo

Cl 2I 9

Formamido

OCH

9NH

9

Diethylamino

(C

2H 5)2N

9

Formimidoyl

CH(

"NH)

9

3,4-Dihydroxybenzoyl,

see

Formyl (

not methanoyl

)

OCH

9 or

9C(O)H

Protocatechuoyl

Formylamino

H 9CO

9NH

9

2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioyl,

Formylimino

H 9CO

9N

"

see

Tartaroyl

Formyloxy

H 9CO

9O

9

Dihydroxyiodo

(HO)

2I 9

Fumaroyl (

or

trans

-butene-

9CO

9CH "CH 9CO

9

2,3-Dihydroxypropanoyl,

dioyl

)

(trans )

see

Glyceroyl

Furancarbonyl,

see

Furoyl

3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl,

Furfuryl (

2- only; pre-

HC

CH

"C

9CH

2 9

see

Veratroyl

to

)

CH

9O

3,4-Dimethoxyphenethyl

3,4-

ferred

2-furylmethyl

CH

"C

9CH

(CH

3 O)

2C

6H 3 CH

2CH

9

Furfurylidene (

2- only

)

HC

3,4-Dimethoxyphenylace-

3,4-

CH

9O

tyl

(CH

3 O)

2C

6H 3 CH

2CO

9

Furoyl (

3- shown; pre-

CH

"C

9CO

9

Dimethylamino

(CH 3 )2N 9

ferred

to

furancarbonyl

)

O

CH

"CH

Dimethylbenzoyl

(CH

3 )2C 6H 6H 3 9CO

9

Furyl

Dioxy

9O 9O 9

OC

4 H 3

9

3-Furylmethyl

Diphenylamino

(C

6H 5)2N

9

CH

"C

9CH 2 9

O

Diphenylmethylene

(C

6H 5)2C

"

CH

"CH

Dithio

9S 9S 9

Diethiocarboxy

HSSC

9

Galloyl (

or 3,4,5-trihy-

3,4,5-(HO) 3 C 6H 2 9CO

9

Dithiosulfo

HOS

2 9

droxybenzoyl

)

Dodecanoyl

CH

3 [CH 2]109CO 9

Geranyl (

from

geraniol

)

C 10H 179

Dodecyl

CH

3 [CH 2]119

Glutaminyl

H 2N

9CO

9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Elaidoyl (

or

trans

-9-octa-

CH

3 [CH 2]CH7

"CH 9

CH(NH

2)9CO 9

decenoyl

)

[CH 2]79CO

9

Glutamoyl

9CO

9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Epidioxy (as a bridge)

9O 9O 9

CH(NH

2)9CO

9

Epidiseleno (as bridge)

9Se 9Se 9

-Glutamyl

HOOC[CH

2]CH(NH2

2) 9

Epidithio (as a

bridge)

9S 9S 9

CO

9

Epimino (as a bridge)

9NH

9

-Glutamyl

HOOC

9CH(NH

2) 9

Episeleno (as a bridge)

9Se

9

[CH 2]2 9CO

9

Epithio (as a bridge)

9S

9

Glutaryl (

or pentanedioyl

)

9CO

9[CH 2]3 9CO

9

Epoxy (as a bridge)

9O

9

Glyceroyl (

or 2,3- dihy-

HO

9CH

2 9CH(OH)

9

Ethanesulfonamide

C

2H 59SO

2 9NH

9

droxypropanoyl

)

CO

9

Ethanoyl,

see Acetyl

Glycoloyl (

or hydroxy-

HO

9CH

2 9CO

9

Ethenyl,

see

Vinyl

ethanoyl

)

Ethoxalyl

C

2H 59OOC

9CO

9

Glycyl

H 2N

9CH

2 9CO

9

Ethoxy

C

2H 59O

9

Glycylamino

H 2N

9CH

2 9CO

9NH 9

Ethoxycarbonyl

C

2H 59O

9CO

9

Glyoxyloyl

OHC

9CO

9

Ethyl

C

2H 59 or CH

3 9CH 2 9

Guanidino

H 2N

9C(

"NH)

9NH

9

Ethylamino

C

2H 59NH 9

Guanyl,

see

Amidino

Ethylene

9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Heptanamido

CH

3 9[CH 2]59CO

9NH

9

Ethylenedioxy

9O 9CH 2 9CH 2 9O

9

Heptanedioyl

9CO

9[CH 2]59CO

9

Ethylidene

CH

3 9CH

"

Heptanoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]59CO

9

Ethylidyne

CH

3 9C #

Heptyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]59CH

2 9

Ethylsulfonylamino

C

2H 59SO

2 9NH

9

Hexadecanoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]149CO

9

Ethylthio

C

2H 59S

9

Hexadecyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]149CH

2 9

Ethynyl

HC

#C 9

Hexamethylene

9[CH 2]69

Ethynylene

9C #C 9

Hexanamido

CH

3 9[CH 2]4 9CO

9NH

9

Fluoranthenyl

C

16H 9 9

Hexanedioyl (

or adipoyl

)

9CO

9[CH 2]4 9CO

9

1.54

SECTION

1

TABLE 1.13

Names and Formulas of Organic Radicals (

Continued

)

Name

Formula

Name

Formula

Hexanimidoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]4 9C(

"NH)

9

Iodonio

HI 9

Hexanoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]4 9CO

9

Iodosyl

OI

9

Hexanoylamino

CH

3 9[CH 2]4 9CO

9NH

9

Iodyl

O

2I 9

Hexyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]4 9CH

2 9

Isobutoxy (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )2CH

9CH 2 9O 9

Hexylidene

CH

3 9[CH 2]4 9CH

"

only

)

Hexyloxy

CH

3 [CH 2]59O 9

Isobutyl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )2CH

9CH

2 9

Hippuroyl

C

6H 59CO

9NH

9CH

2 9

only

)

CO

9

Isobutylidene (

unsubsti-

(CH

3 )2CH

9CH

"

Histidyl

N

2C

3 H 3 9CH

2 9CH(NH

2)9

tuted only

)

CO

9

Isobutylidyne (

unsubsti-

(CH

3 )2CH

9C #

Homocysteinyl

HS 9CH 2 9CH 2 9

tuted only

)

CH(NH

2)9CO 9

Isobutyryl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )2CH

9CO

9

Homoseryl

HO 9CH 2 9CH 2 9

only; or 2-methylpropa-

CH(NH

2)9CO 9

noyl

)

Hydantoyl

H 2N

9CO

9NH 9CH

2 9

Isocarbonohydrazido

H 2N

9N "C(OH)

9NH

9

CO

9

NH

9

Hydratropoyl (

or

2-phenyl-

C

6H 59CH(CH

3 )9CO

9

Isocrotonoyl

CH

3 9CH

"CH

9CO

9

propanoyl

)

(cis

)

Hydrazi

9NH

9NH

9 (to single

Isocyanato

OCN

9

atom)

Isocyano

CN

9

Hydrazino

H 2N

9NH

9

Isohexyl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )2CH

9[CH 2]3 9

Hydrazo

9NH

9NH

9 (to different

only

)

atoms)

Isoleucyl

C

2H 59CH(CH

3 )9

Hydrazono

H 2N

9N

"

CH(NH

2)9CO

Hydroperoxy

HO

9O

9

Isonicotinoyl (

or 4-pyridi-

NC

5H 4 9CO

9 (4-)

Hydroseleno

HSe

9

necarbonyl

)

Hydroxy

HO

9

Isopentyl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )2CH

9CH

2 9CH

2 9

Hydroxyamino

HO

9NH

9

only

)

o -Hydroxybenzoyl (

or sal-

o -HO

9C

6H 4 9CO

9

Isophthaloyl (

or 1,3-

9CO

9C

6H 4 9CO

9

icyloyl

)

benzenedicarbonyl

)

(m-

)

m -Hydroxybenzoyl

m -HO 9C

6H 4 9CO

9

Isopropenyl (

unsubstituted

CH

2 "C(CH

3 ) 9

p -Hydroxybenzoyl

p -HO 9C

6H 4 9CO

9

only; or 1-methylvinyl

)

Hydroxybutanedioyl,

see

Isopropoxy (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )2CH

9O 9

Maloyl

only

)

2-Hydroxy-2,2-diphenyl

Isopropyl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )2CH

9

ethanoyl,

see

Benziloyl

only

)

Hydroxyethanoyl,

see

Gly-

p -Isopropylbenzoyl

p -(CH 3 )2CH 9C

6H 4 9CO

9

coloyl

Isopropylbenzyl

(CH

3 )2CH

9C 6H 4 9CH

2 9

Hydroxyimino

HO

9N

"

Isopropylidene

(CH 3 )2C "

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-

4-HO,3-CH

3 O

9

Isoselenocyanato

SeCN

9

benzoyl (

or vanilloyl

)

C 6H 3 9CO

9

Isosemicarbazido

H 2N

9NH

9C(OH)

"N

9

3-Hydroxy-2-phenylpropa-

C

6H 59CH(CH

2OH)

9CO

9

Isothiocyanato

SCN

9

noyl (

or

tropoyl

)

Isothioureido

HN

"C(SH)

9NH 9,

Hydroxypropanedioyl (

or

9CO

9CH(OH)

9CO

9

H 2N

9C(SH)

"N

9

tartronoyl

)

Isoureido

HN

"C(OH)

9NH 9,

2-Hydroxypropanoyl (

or

CH

3 9CH(OH)

9CO

9

H 2N

9C(OH)

"N

9

lactoyl

)

Isovaleryl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )2CH

9CH

2 9CO

9

Icosyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]189CH

2 9

only; or 3-methylbutan-

Imino

9NH 9, HN "

oyl )

Iminomethylamino

HN

"CH 9NH 9

Lactoyl

CH

3 9CH(OH)

9CO

9

Iodo

I 9

Lauroyl ( unsubstituted

CH

3 9[CH 2]109CO

9

Iodoformyl

I 9CO

9

only

)

ORGANIC

COMPOUNDS

1.55

TABLE 1.13

Names and Formulas of Organic Radicals (

Continued

)

Name

Formula

Name

Formula

Leucyl

(CH 3 )2CH 9CH 2 9

5-Methylhexyl

(CH

3 )2CH

9[CH 2]4 9

CH(NH

2)9CO 9

Methylidyne

HC

#

Lysyl

H 2N

9[CH 2]4 9

Methylsulfinimidoyl

CH

3 9S(

"NH)

9

CH(NH

2)9CO 9

Methylsulfinohydrazonoyl

CH

3 9S(

"NNH

2)9

Maleoyl

9CO

9CH "CH

9CO

9

Methylsulfinohydroxi-

CH

3

9S(

"N

9OH)

9

Malonyl

9CO 9CH 2 9CO 9

moyl

Maloyl

9CO

9CH(OH)

9CH

2 9

Methylsulfinyl

CH

3 9SO

9

CO

9

Methylsulfinylamino

CH

3

9SO

9NH

9

Mercapto-

HS

9

Methylsulfonohydrazo-

CH

3 9S(O)(NNH

2) 9

Mesaconoyl (

unsubstituted

9CO

9CH

noyl

only )

CH

Methylsulfonimidoyl

CH

3

9S(O)(

"NH)

9

9C

9CO

9

3

Methylsulfonohydroxa-

CH

3

9S(O)(N

9OH)

9

Mesityl

2,4,6-(CH3 )3 C 6H 2 9

moyl

Mesoxalo

HOOC

9CO 9CO 9

Methylsulfonyl

CH

3 9SO

2 9

Mesoxalyl

9CO

9CO

9CO

9

Methylthio

CH

3 S 9

Mesyl

CH

3 9SO

2 9

(Methylthio)sulfonyl

CH

3 S 9SO

2 9

Methacryloyl (

or 2-methyl-

CH

2 "C(CH

3 ) 9CO

9

1-Methylvinyl, see

Isopro-

propenoyl

)

penyl

O

CH

29CH

2

N

Methaneazo

CH

3

9N

"N 9

Morpholino (

4- only )

CH

29CH

9

Methaneazoxy

CH

3 9N

2O

9

2

Methanesulfinamido

CH

3

9SO

9NH

9

Morpholinyl (

3- shown

)

O

CH

29CH

2

NH

Methanesulfinyl

CH

3

9SO

9

CH

29CH

Methanesulfonamido

CH

3 9SO

2 9NH 9

Methanesulfonyl,

see

Myristoyl (

unsubstituted

CH

3 9[CH 2]129CO

9

Mesyl

only )

Methanoyl,

see

Formyl

Naphthalenazo

C

10H 79N

"N

9

Methionyl

CH

3 9S

9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Naphthalenecarbonyl,

see

Methoxalyl

CH(NH

2)9CO

9

Naphthoyl

CH

3 OOC

9CO

9

Naphthoyl

C

10H 79CO

9

Methoxy

CH

3 O

9

Naphthoyloxy

C

10H 79CO

9O

9

Methoxybenzoyl (

o-, m-,

CH

3 O

9C

6H 4 9CO

9

Naphthyl

C

10H 79

or p- )

Naphthylazo

C

10H 79N

"N

9

Methoxycarbonyl

CH

3 O

9CO

9

Naphthylene

9C

10H 69

Methoxyimino

CH

3 O

9N

"

Naphthylenebisazo

9N

"N

9C 10H 69

Methoxyphenyl

CH

3 O

9C

6H 4 9

N

"N

9

Methoxysulfinyl

CH

3 O

9SO

9

Naphthyloxy

C

10H 79O

9

Methoxysulfonyl

CH

3 O

9SO

2 9

Neopentyl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )3 C

9CH

2 9

Methoxy(thiosulfonyl)

CH

3 O

9S 2O 9

only )

Methyl

CH

3 9

Nicotinoyl

NC

5H 4 9CO

9 (3-)

Methylallyl

CH

2 "C(CH

3 ) 9CH 2 9

Nitrilo

N

#

Methylamino

CH

3 9NH

9

Nitro

O

2N

9

Methylazo

CH

3

9N

"N 9

aci -Nitro

HO

9(O ")N "

Methylazoxy

CH

3 9N

2O

9

Nitroso

ON

9

-Methylbenzyl

C 6H 59CH(CH

3 )9

Nonanedioyl

9CO

9[CH 2]79CO

9

Methylbenzyl

CH

3 9C

6H 4 9CH 2 9

Nonanoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]79CO

9

3-Methylbutanoyl

(CH

3 )2CH 9CH

2 9CO

9

Nonyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]79CH

2 9

cis -Methylbutenedioyl

HC

9CO

9

Norbornyl

C

7H 119

CH

Norbornylyl,

see

Norbor-

3

9C

9CO

9

nyl

trans -Methylbutenedioyl

9CO

9CH

Norcamphyl,

see

Norbor-

CH

9C

9CO

9

3

nyl

Methyldithio

CH

3 9S 9S 9

Norleucyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]3 9CH(NH

2) 9

Methylene

9CH 2 9, H2C "

CO

9

Methylenedioxy

9O 9CH 2 9O 9

Norvalyl

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH 2 9

3,4-Methylenedioxyben-

3,4-CH

2O 2 : C6H 3 9

CH(NH

2)9CO

9

zoyl

CO

9

Octadecanoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]169CO

9

1.56

SECTION 1

TABLE 1.13

Names and Formulas of Organic Radicals (

Continued

)

Name

Formula

Name

Formula

cis -9-Octadecenoyl

H[CH 2]8 9CH

"CH

9

Phenylsulfamoyl

C

6H 59NH

9SO

2

[CH 2]79CO

9

Phenylsulfinyl

C

6H 59SO

9

Octadecyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]169CH

2 9

Phenylsulfonyl

C

6H 59SO

2 9

Octanedioyl

9CO

9[CH 2]69CO

9

Phenylsulfonylamino

C

6H 59SO

2 9NH

9

Octanoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]69CO

9

Phenylthio

C

6H 59S 9

Octyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]69CH

2 9

3-Phenylureido

C

6H 59NH

9CO 9NH 9

Oleoyl

H[CH 2]8 9CH

"CH

9

Phthalamoyl

H 2N

9CO

9C

6H 4 9CO 9

[CH 2]79CO

9

(o-

)

Phthalidyl

C

6H 4 9CO

9O

9CH

9

Ornithyl

H 2N

9[CH 2]3 9

CH(NH

2)9CO

9

Phthalimido

CO

9C 6H 4 9CO

9N

9

Oxalacetyl

9CO

9CH

2 9CO

9

CO

9

Phthaloyl

9CO

9C

6H 4 9CO

9 (o- )

Oxalaceto

HOOC

9CO

9CH 2 9

Picryl

2,4,6-(NO 2)3 C

6H 2 9

CO

9

Pimeloyl (

unsubstituted

9CO

9[CH 2]59CO

9

Oxalo

HOOC

9CO

9

only )

C

5H 10N 9

Oxalyl

9CO

9CO

9

Piperidino (

1- only

)

Oxamoyl

H 2N

9CO

9CO

9

Piperidyl (

2-, 3-, 4-

)

NC

5H 109

Oxido

O

9 (ion)

Piperonyl

3,4-CH 2O

2 : C6H 3 9CH

2 9

Oxo

O "

Pivaloyl (

unsubstituted

(CH

3 )3 C 9CO

9

Oxonio

H 2O

9

only )

9S 4

9

Oxy

9O

9

Polythio

Palmitoyl (

unsubstituted

CH

3 9[CH 2]149CO

9

Propanedioyl,

see

Ma-

only )

lonyl

Pentafluorothio

F5S

9

Propanoyl,

see

Propionyl

Pentamethylene

9CH 2 9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Propargyl,

see

2-Pro-

CH 2 9CH 2 9

pynyl

Pentanedioyl,

see

Glu-

Propenoyl,

see

Acryloyl

CH

3 9CH

"CH

taryl

1-Propenyl

9

Pentanoyl,

see Valeryl

2-Propenyl,

see

Allyl

9CH 2 9CH "CH 9

Pentenyl (

2- shown

)

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH

"CH

9

Propenylene

CH 2 9

Propioloyl

CH #C 9CO

9

Pentyl

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH

2 9CH

2 9

Propionamido

CH

3 9CH

2 9CO

9NH

9

CH 2 9

Propionyl

CH

3 9CH

2 9CO

9

Pentyloxy

CH

3 9[CH 2]4 9O

9

Propionylamino

CH

3 9CH

2 9CO

9NH

9

Perchloryl

O 3 Cl

9

Propionyloxy

CH

3 9CH

2 9CO

9O

9

Phenacyl

C 6H 59CO

9CH

2 9

Propoxy

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH 2 9O

Phenacylidene

C 6H 59CO

9CH

"

Propyl

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH 2 9

Phenanthryl

C 14H 9 9

Propylene

9CH(CH

3 ) 9CH 2 9

Phenethyl

C 6H 59CH

2 9CH 2 9

Propylidene

CH

3 9CH

2 9CH

"

Phenetidino (

o-, m-, or p- )

C 2H 5O 9C

6H 4 9NH

9

Propylidyne

CH

3 9CH

2 9C

#

Phenoxy

C 6H 59O

9

Propynoyl,

see

Propiolyl

CH

3 9C #C

9

Phenyl

C 6H 59

1-Propynyl

Phenylacetyl

C 6H 59CH

2 9CO

9

2-Propynyl

HC #C 9CH 2 9

Phenylazo

C 6H 59N

"N

9

Protocatechuoyl

3,4-(HO) 2C 6H 3 9CO

9

Phenylazoxy

C 6H 59N

2O

9

3-Pyridinecarbonyl

NC

5H 4 9CO

9 (3-)

Phenylcarbamoyl

C 6H 59NH

9CO

4-Pyridinecarbonyl

NC

5H 4 9CO

9 (4-)

Phenylene

9C

6H 4 9

Pyridinio

NC

5H 59 (ion)

Phenylenebisazo

9N

"N

9C

6H 4 9

Pyridyl

NC

5H 4 9

N

"N

9

2-Pyridylcarbonyl

NC

5H 4 9CO

9 (2-)

Phenylimino

C 6H 59N

"

Pyridyloxy

NC

5H 4 9O 9

2-Phenylpropanoyl

C 6H 59CH(CH

3 )9CO

9

Pyruvoyl

CH

3 9CO

9CO

9

3-Phenylpropenoyl,

see

Salicyl

o-

HO

9C

6H 4 9CH 2 9

Cinnamoyl

Salicylidene

o-

HO

9C

6H 4 9CH

"

3-Phenylpropyl

C 6H 59CH

2 9CH

2 9

Salicyloyl

o- HO 9C

6H 4 9CO

9

CH 2 9

Sarcosyl

CH

3 9NH

9CH

2 9CO

9

ORGANIC

COMPOUNDS

1.57

TABLE 1.13

Names and Formulas of Organic Radicals (

Continued

)

Name

Formula

Name

Formula

Sebacoyl (

unsubstituted

9CO

9[CH 2]8 9CO

9

(Terthiophen)yl

SC

4 H 3 9SC 4 H 2 9SC

4 H 2 9

only

)

Tetradecanoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]129CO

9

Seleneno

HOSe

9

Tetradecyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]129CH

2 9

Selenino

HO

2Se 9

Tetramethylene

9CH 2 9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Seleninyl

OSe

"

CH 2 9

Seleno

9Se

9

CH

"C

CO

9

Selenocyanato

NC

9Se

9

Thenoyl (

2- shown

)

S

Selenoformyl

HSeC

9

CH

"CH

Selenonio

H 2Se

9 (ion)

Thenyl

SC

4 H 3 9CH

2 9

Selenono

HO

3 Se 9

Thienyl

SC

4 H 3 9

Selenonyl

O 2Se

9

Thio

9S

9

Selenoureido

H 2N

9CSe

9NH

9

Thioacetyl

CH

3

9CS

9

Selenoxo

(C)

"Se

Thiobenzoyl

C 6H 59CS 9

Semicarbazido

H 2N

9CO

9NH

9NH

9

Thiocarbamoyl

H 2N

9CS

9

Semicarbazono

H 2N

9CO

9NH

9N "

Thiocarbazono

HN

"N

9CS

9NH

9

Seryl

HO

9CH

2 9CH(NH

2) 9

NH 9

CO

9

Thiocarbodiazono

HN

"N

9CS

9N "N 9

Stearoyl (

unsubstituted

CH

3 9[CH 2]169CO

9

Thiocarbonohydrazido

H 2N

9NH 9CS

9NH

9

only

)

NH 9

Styryl

C 6H 59CH

"CH

9

Thiocarbonyl

9CS

9, SC

"

Suberoyl (

unsubstituted

9CO

9[CH 2]69CO

9

Thiocarboxy

HSOC

9, HS 9CO

9

only

)

Thiocyanato

NCS

9

Succinamoyl

H 2N

9CO

9CH

2 9CH 2 9

Thioformyl

SHC

9, HCS

9

CO

9

Thiophenecarbonyl,

see

O

CH

9C

Thenoyl

Succinimido

2

N 9

Thiosemicarbazido

H 2N

9CS

9NH

9NH

9

CH

2

9C

O

Thiosulfino

HOS

2 9

Thiosulfo

HO

2S 2 9

Succinimidoyl

9C( "NH) 9CH 2 9

Thioreido

H 2N

9CS

9NH

9

CH 2C( "NH) 9

Thioxo

S "

Succinyl

9CO

9CH 2 9CH 2 9CO 9

Threonyl

CH

3 9CH(OH)

9

Sulfamoyl

H 2N

9SO

2 9

CH(NH

2)9CO 9

Sulfanilamido

p-

H 2N

9C

6H 4 9SO

2 9

Toluenesulfonyl ( o-,

m- )

CH

3 9C

6H 4 9SO

2 9

NH

9

Toluidino (

o-, m-, or p-

)

CH

3 9C

6H 4 9NH 9

Sulfanilyl

p-

H 2N

9C

6H 4 9SO

2 9

Toluoyl (

o-, m-, or p-

)

CH

3 9C

6H 4 9CO

9

Sulfenamoyl

H 2N

9S

9

Tolyl ( o-,

m-, or p-

)

CH

3 9C

6H 4 9

Sulfeno

HO

9S

9

Tolylsulfonyl

CH

3 9C

6H 4 9SO

2 9

Sulfido

S

9 (ion)

Tosyl ( p-

only )

p-

CH

3 9C 6H 4 9SO

2 9

Sulfinamoyl

H 2N

9SO

9

Triazano

H 2N

9NH 9NH 9

Sulfino

HO

2S

9

Triazeno

H 2N

9N "N 9

Sulfinyl

9SO

9

Trichlorothio

Cl

3 S

9

Sulfo

HO 9SO 2 9

Tridecanoyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]119CO

9

Sulfoamino

HO

2S

9NH 9

Tridecyl

CH

3 9[CH 2]129

Sulfonato

O

3 S

9 (ion)

Trifluorothio

F3 S

9

Sulfonio

H 2S

9 (ion)

3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoyl

3,4,5-(HO) 3 C

6H 2 9CO

9

Sulfonyl

9SO

2 9

Trimethylammonio

(CH

3 )3 N

9 (ion)

Sulfonyldioxy

9O

9SO 2 9O 9

Trimethylanilino (

all

iso-

(CH

3 )3 C

6H 2 9NH

9

Tartaroyl

9CO

9CH(OH)

9

mers )

CH(OH)

9CO

9

Trimethylene

9CH 2 9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Tartronoyl

9CO

9CH(OH)

9CO

9

Trimethylenedioxy

9O 9CH 2 9CH 2 9

Tauryl

H 2N

9CH 2 9CH 2 9SO 2 9

CH 2 9O 9

Telluro

Te replacing O

Triphenylmethyl

(C

6H 5)3 C

9

Terephthaloyl

9CO

9C

6H 4 9CO

9 (p- )

Trithio

9S 3 9

Terphenylyl

C 6H 59C 6H 4 9C

6H 4 9

Trithiosulfo

HS

9S 3 9