Conditional Sentences

Запам’ятайте три типи умовних речень
I	If the weather is fine, we shall play outside. If you ring me up, I shall tell you something.	Якщо погода буде гарною, ми будемо грати на відкритому повітрі. Якщо ти зателефонуєш мені, я тобі щось розповім.
		Реальна умова, що співвідноситься з майбутнім.
II	If the weather were fine, we should play outside. If you rang me up, I should tell you something.	Якщо б погода була гарною (сьогодні, завтра), ми б грали на відкритому повітрі. Якщо б ти зателефонував (сьогодні, завтра) мені, я б тобі щось розповів.
		Нереальна умова, що співвідноситься з теперішнім та майбутнім часами.
III	If the weather had been fine, we should have played outside. If you had rung me up, I should have told you something.	Якщо б погода була гарною (вчора), ми б грали на відкритому повітрі. Якщо б ти зателефонував (вчора) мені, я б тобі щось розповів.
		Нереальна умова, що співвідноситься з минулим часом.

20.1 Практичні завдання Conditional Sentences

Вправа 1. Розкрийте дужки, запишіть кожне речення тричі, утворюючи умовні речення I, II, III типів.

E.g. If you (to be) free, I (come) to see you.

If you are free, I shall come to see you.

If you were free, I should come to see you.

If you had been free, I should have come to see you.

If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.

If I see her, I shall be glad.

If I saw her, I should be glad.

If I had seen her, I should have been glad

1. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone. 2. If I (to live) in Moscow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 3. If I (to get) a ticket, I (to go) to the Philharmonic. 4. If I (to live) near a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms. 5. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together. 6. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university. 7. If my mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea-party. 9. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry).10. If you (not to work) systematically, you (to fail) at the examination.

Вправа 2. Утворіть умовні речення II, III типів.

1. If I am not too busy, I shall go to the concert. 2. If no one comes to help, we shall be obliged to do the work ourselves. 3. If you put on your glasses, you will see better. 4. Will you be very angry if we don’t come? 5. They will all be surprised if I make such a mistake. 6. If he has free time, he will help us.

Вправа 3. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова у необхідній формі.

1. If it (to rain), we shall have to stay at home. 2. If he (to work) hard, he would have achieved great progress. 3. If it is not too cold, I (not to put) on my coat. 4.If he (not to read) so much, he would not be so clever. 5. If my friend (to be) at home, he will tell us what to do. 6. If you (to give) me your address, I shall write you a letter. 7. If they (not to go) to Moscow last year, they would not have heard that famous musician. 8. If you (not to get) tickets for the Philharmonic, we shall stay at home. 9. If you were not so careless about your health, you (to consult) the doctor. 10. If she (to ask) me yesterday, I should certainly have told her all about it. 11. If you (to do) your morning exercises every day, your health would be much better. 12.If he is not very busy, he (to agree) to go to the museum with us. 13. If I (not to be) present at the lesson, I should not have understood this difficult rule. 14. If he reads fifty pages every day, his vocabulary (to increase) greatly. 15. If I (to read) this book, I shall be happy. 16. If you had not wasted so much time, you (not to miss) the train. 17. If you (not to miss) the train, you would have arrived in time. 18. You (not to miss) the teacher’s explanation if you had arrived in time. 19. You would have understood the rule if you (not to miss) the teacher’s explanation. 20. If you (to understand) the rule, you would have written the test-paper successfully.

Вправа 4. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова у необхідній формі.

1. You will never finish your work if you (to waste) your time like that. 2. If I (to have) his telephone number, I should easily settle this matter with him. 3. Your brother (to become) much stronger if he took cold baths regularly. 4. If you had let me know yesterday, I (to bring) you my book. 5. If you (to ring) me up, I shall tell you a secret. 6. If you (to be) a poet, you would write beautiful poetry. 7. If he did not read so much, he (not to know) English literature so well. 8. If he (to come) to our house yesterday, he would have met his friend. 9. If he (not to pass) his examination, he will not get a scholarship. 10. If she (not to help) me, I should have been in a very difficult situation. 11. If I were a famous singer, I (to get) a lot of flowers every day. 12. If you (not to buy) coffee, we shall drink tea. 13.If he is free tomorrow, he certainly (to come) to our party. 14. If my friend (to work) in my office, we should meet every day. 15. If you spoke English every day, you (to improve) your language skills. 16. If these shoes were not too big for me, I (to buy) them.

Вправа 5. Змініть речення за зразком.

A. Model: Nick doesn’t know English, so I don’t speak English with him.

– If Nick knew English, I should speak English with him.

B. We didn’t take a taxi, so we missed the train.

– If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn’t have missed the train.

1. 1. I don’t live far from school, so I don’t go there by bus. 2. It is very cold, so the children will not go for a walk. 3. She is tired, so she won’t play basketball today. 4.I am not ill, so I shall not go to a doctor. 5. My father has no spare time, so he won’t play chess with me today. 6. I don’t know him, so I won’t ask him to help me.

2. 1.Nick didn’t work hard, so he didn’t pass his examination. 2. My sister was busy last night, so she didn’t watch television. 3. You didn’t send me a telegram, so I didn’t meet you at the station. 4. The weather was bad the day before yesterday, so the children didn’t go to the forest. 5. We went to Odessa by plane, so we came in time. 6. I wasn’t sent there, so I didn’t make a report at the conference.