III. Make up a plan of the text.

IV. Translate the paragraph in italics in a written form.

V. Questions for discussion:

1. What types can all footwear be divided into?

2. What are the types of summer shoes?

3. What are the predominant decorations in summer shoes?

4. What materials are used for making of summer shoes?

5. What are sport models decorated with?

6. What are the colours of summer shoes?

7. Do people wear winter footwear in Australia?

8. What is the fashion in ladies’ winter footwear?

9. What is the men’s style in winter footwear?

10. What can you say about children’s footwear?

VI. Render the text in brief in a written form.

TEXT C

I. Mind the following words and words and word-combination:

1. to take care for – піклуватись

2. to polish – чистити (взуття)

3. scuffing – потертя

4. to be eager to – прагнути

5. resistance – опірність, опір

6. mouldy – застарілий

7. suede – замша

8. nap –ворс

II. Listen to the text ‘HOW TO TAKE CARE OF YOUR LEATHER FOOTWEAR’ and decide if the statements are true or false:

1. Polish protects the leather from water and scuffing.

2. Many people buy new shoes and don’t forget to rub on a first coat of polish.

3. Wear a pair of shoes day after day.

4. If your shoes get wet dry out them near a radiator.

5. It is best to keep shoes in constant repair.

III. Listen to the text again and be ready to answer the questions:

1. What is the best way to care for leather?

2. What is the first step in preventative maintenance?

3. Does leather absorb moisture?

4. In what conditions does the skin become mouldy?

5. Will worn heels cause the shoe to stretch out of shape?

UNIT 3

FOOTWEAR STYLES

TEXT A

1. Listen and remember the following words:

1. instep – підйом ноги або взуття, клин, вставка

2. gumboots – гумові чоботи

3. thigh-boots – чоботи до стегна

4. tapered heel – звужений, конусоподібний підбор

5. spike heel – підбор-шпилька

6. thong – ремінець, пліть

7. snaffle – трензель

8. apron – фартух, вставка в підйомі

9. last – колодка, копил

10. mule – туфлі типу ‘пантолети’, взуття без задника

11. slab – пластина, пласт, плоска заготовка, ділянки ремінцевого чепрака після розкрою ремінців

12. monk – напівчобот з черезпідйомним ремінцем зверху язичка

13. buckle – пряжка, застібка, скобка

2. Read and remember the following phrases:

1. to comply with – дотримуватись

2. to be insulated – відокремлюватись

3. wrapped round – обмотаний навколо

4. to dampen – зменшувати, зволожувати

5. to fasten – застібати, прив’язувати

6. devotee – прихильник

7. to diminish – зменшувати, недооцінювати

8. to ebb – згасати, відходити

9. waders – болотяні чоботи

10. angler – рибалка

11. gap – проміжок

12. distinguishable – той, що вирізняється

13. hip – стегно

14. capable – придатний

15. to facilitate – полегшувати, сприяти

3. Read and translate the following text:

Footwear styles

There are eight basic footwear styles with the rest made up as variations on the basic themes. To comply with definition a shoe describes footwear with a mechanism capable of holding the foot in the heel of the shoe to facilitate support during push off. Hence there are two critical aspects of shoes i. e. the band around the instep and the section corresponding to the human heel. To prevent unnecessary movement these need to be firm and fit the foot.

A boot is any kind of footwear extending above the ankle. There are numerous designs and types of boots for a variety of uses. A boot is a type of shoe that covers at least the foot and the ankle and sometimes extends up to the knee or even the hip. Most have a heel that is clearly distinguishable from the rest of the sole, even if the two are made of one piece. Boots are traditionally made of leather or rubber, but modern boots are made from a variety of materials.

High-top athletic shoes are generally not considered boots, even though they do cover the ankle, primarily due to the absence of a distinct heel.

Boots designed for protection from the elements may be made of a single closely-stitched design (using leather, rubber, canvas, or similar material) to prevent the entry of water, snow, mud or dirt through the gaps left between the laces and the tongue in other types of shoes. Simple waterproof gumboots are made in different lengths of uppers, and, in extreme cases, thigh-boots called waders, worn by anglers, end at the hip level of the wearer. Such boots may also be insulated for warmth. Fashionable boots for women may have all the variations seen in other fashion footwear: tapered or spike heels, platform soles, pointed toes, zipper closures and the like. The popularity of boots as fashion footwear ebbs and flows. A clog is a thick soled wooden shoe sometimes with leather upper.

Lace up shoe is any low cut shoe fastened by lacings, such as Oxford or Blucher.

The term moccasin originally meant a simple one-piece hide wrapped round the foot and held on with rawhide thongs. Later the Indians gradually stylized the moccasin by adding the moccasin plug, fringes and coloured beads, which depicted rank and occupation. Today moccasin shoes usually describe imitation moccasins which had their origins in Norway. The Norwegian peasant slip-on was first imported to the USA by tourists in the 1930s and later Gucci made a leather loafer in refined calfskin with a metal snaffle bit across the instep. Soon loafers were available in the spectator style (two colours). The low vamp loafer was designed for females and was made from soft kid leather and cut low. A moccasin construction produces a very light, flexible and comfortable shoe with a distinctive appearance. A ‘bag’ of leather is formed by hand stitching an apron to a vamp. This bag is dampened and then forced on to the last to form the shape of the shoe. The sole is then stitched or glued to the formed upper part. Because the soft leather goes round the foot, forming a flexible and adaptable ‘bag’ a moccasin is exceptionally comfortable.

A mule is a backless shoe or slipper with or without a heel.

A sandal is originally a slab of leather sole attached to the foot by thongs. Today a sandal is any open shoe whose upper consists of any decorative or functional arrangement of straps. A sandal can with any heel height designed for simple utility or casual wear or as a fashion shoe.

Monks are similar to Derby shoes but with a cross over section to fasten the quarters with a side buckle.

Pumps are heeled shoes with low cut fronts and usually no fastening.