MAKE_THE_GRADE_kafedra
.pdf1. A moment later they heard her bedroom door (to shut) with a bang. 2. I‘ve never heard your canary (to sing). Is there anything the matter with the bird? 3. Would you like me (to make) you lunch, or have you had some? 4. I want you (to explain) the disappointment we had this morning. 5. She watched him (to pass) the gate and (to walk) down the street. 6. Through the chink in the shutters she watched Emma (to pick) cherries in the orchard. 7. The captain said something, which made them (to laugh), he did not hear what it was. 8. They had their own pattern of life and expected me (to fit) in. 9. You can see him (to work) in his little garden every day. 10. She had never heard philosophy (to pass) those lips before. 11. I saw him (to put) his suitcase right here. 12. During that moment Miss Pembroke told a lie and made Rickie ((to believe) it was the truth. 13. Together they watched the old oak (to drop) its leaves. 14. He found them (to sit) together and (to talk) peacefully. They did not notice him (to approach). 15. He felt the water (to reach) his knees. 16. She felt her voice (to tremble) and tried to control herself. 17. We saw him (to open) the envelope and (to read) something hastily. 18. I saw him (to unfold) the telegram slowly and hesitatingly as though he expected it (to contain) some bad news. 19. He heard the young people (to sing) and (to shout) from the opposite bank. 20. She watched him (to work) for a long time.
Ex. 327. Translate the sentences using Participle I as a part of the Complex Object.
1. Я думаю, що чув, як хтось піднімався сходами. 2. Ввійшовши до кімнати, ми побачили, як вони щось жваво обговорювали. 3. Я відчував, що вона тремтіла з ніг до голови. 4. Я чув, як вона співала у ванній кімнаті. 5. Моїй маленькій доньці подобається, коли я читаю їй казки. 6. Я бачив, як вони ретельно прибирали кімнату. 7. Вони відчували, як незнайомець відчайдушно шукав потрібні слова. 8. Я бачив, як вона танцювала на сцені, і це було незабутнє видовище. 9. Футбольні вболівальники відчували, що їх команда грала все краще і краще, і підбадьорювали її як могли. 10. Професор чув, як Мері розповідала своїй сусідці про вчорашню вечірку, і зробив зауваження. 11. Я бачив, як моя дружина чепурилася, але мені навіть на думку не спало, що це для рок-зірки, а не для мене.
Ex. 328. Point out the Complex Object with Participle II. Translate the sentences into your native language.
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1. He had his luggage sent to the station. 2. How often do you have your carpets cleaned? 3. Have you got your watch repaired? 4. I want it done as soon as possible. 5. We decided to have our photos taken after the final exam. 6. Get the room dusted and aired by the time they arrive. 7. I haven‘t had my nails polished yet. 8. I‘m having a new dress made. 9. He thought it necessary to have the ceiling of the room whitewashed. 10. They found the door locked. 11. Mrs. Mooney watched the table cleared and the broken bread collected. 12. He heard his name called from behind.
Ex. 329. Practice the following according to the model; use the correct form of have in the Complex Object with Participle I1.
Model: Do you clean the windows yourself? No, I have the windows Cleaned. (No, I have them cleaned).
1. Did you paint the house yourself? 2. Do you cut the grass yourself? 3. Does he wash his car himself? 4. Has she polished the floor herself? 5. Are you going to shorten the trousers yourself? 6. Do you type the reports yourself? 7. Did you tow the car yourself? 8. Are you going to cut down the tree yourself? 9. Did you repair the clock yourself? 10. Will he tune his piano himself? 11. Has she swept the stairs herself? 12. Is he teaching his children to ride himself? 13. Did he plant the trees himself? 14. Will he build the new garage himself?
Ex. 330. Translate the sentences into English using Participle I or Participle II.
1. Побачивши, що таксі під‘їхало до будинку, він узяв речі і швидко пішов до виходу. 2. Як часто ви підстригаєтесь? 3. Ми відремонтували квартиру до того, як поїхали на південь. 4. Лист, який ми отримали, був для нас розчаруванням. 5. Вікна їх квартири були освітлені. 6. ―Мені ще треба зробити манікюр та зачіску‖, - сказала вона ніби між іншим. 7. Мені треба запломбувати зуб. 8. Мені пофарбували ці двері тільки минулого тижня. Тобі подобається колір? 9. Я зустріла їх, коли вони йшли фотографуватися. 10. Їх діти завжди охайно вдягнені.
7.4.4. Revision exercises on the Verbals
Ex. 331. State whether the ing-form is a participle, a gerund or a verbal noun.
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1. To my mind, the setting of the scene was beautiful. 2. If possible, give up smoking, at least for a while. 3. Having finished the work he seemed more pleased with himself than usual. 4. Pausing in his story Burton turned to me. 5. I admired the grounds and trees surrounding the house. 6. Colleges give a specialized training. 7. I want you to give my hair a good brushing. 8. While reading this book he came across many interesting expressions. 9. After reading this book the students organized a discussion. 10. We know of his beginning this work. 11. I am much pleased with my surroundings. 12. The boys could not go without asking permission. 13. When coming into the hall, I saw a group of people standing in the middle.
Ex. 332. Choose between the infinitive and the gerund to use it as a direct object to the predicate verb in the following sentence.
1. I wished (to be) quite far. 2. I expected (to find) him in the drawing room but he wasn‘t there. 3. I enjoyed (to listen) to her talk of Vietnamese society in the days of her youth. 4. Reggie promised (to look) in. 5. I wanted (to cheer) him up. 6. Jerry was enjoying himself and didn‘t want (to go). I suggested (to leave) him and (to let) him meet use at the station. 7. Everything you‘ve planned (to do) is sensible. 8. Riley offered (to drive) into town and (to get) some coffee. 9. He longs (to settle) down and (to live) a quiet country life. 10. Kate avoided (to see) John alone. 11.
You keep (to say) things in Latin and you know I can‘t understand. 12. He proceeded (to illustrate) this by his own story. 13. Her eyes were full and bright. She did not pretend (to hide) her nervousness. 14. Jack asked the stewardess for some stationery and, when it came, set about (to co mpose) a letter to his son. 15. Renny was often dead right, more often than I cared (to remember). 16. He sat there sullenly and refused (to answer). 17. I didn‘t mind (to think) about them a bit.18. He has just finished (to strap) up his suitcase. 19. He did not hesitate (to employ) such methods. 20. He stopped (to whistle) and went into the bathroom to turn the water on for the bath.
Ex. 333. Choose between the infinitive and the ing-form to use it as a part of the Complex Object in the following sentences.
1. My will weakened. I wanted someone (to lean) on. 2. We stood for a while watching a man (to train) Alsatian puppy. 3. I can imagine people not (to like) him. 4. Although he was very tired, he made himself (to stand) up and (to move) into the bedroom. 5. He ordered a bottle of
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beer and some cheese (to send) up to his room. 6. There was a lot of noise all around now, and amongst it you could hear a plane (to fly) unusually low. 7. I heard Arthur (to make) a slight noise that may have been a sigh or a chuckle. 8. ―Why do you always have him (to hang) around?‖ ―He likes it‖. 9. I don‘t like girls (to smoke). It takes away the fragrance of youth.
10. After supper Willy switched on the wireless and John left him (to dance) round the drawing room to the sound of Mozart‘s concerto. 11. We left him (to spend) the afternoon with his family. 12. I can‘t imagine you (to be) anything but what you are. 13. I saw Mother (to look) at me. 14. I saw Mother (to look) at me and (to turn) away. 15. He guessed her age (to be) about eighteen. 16. We left the others (to chat) outside the house.
Ex. 334. Translate the following sentences into English using an infinitive or an ing-form as a part of the Complex Object.
1. Він стежив, як люди поспішали до поїзда (to watch). 2. Він запалив цигарку і намагався розслабитись, коли почув, що вхідні двері відчиняються (to hear). 3. Мені відомо, що він приїздив до них кілька разів у цьому році (to know). 4. Я вважаю цю новину дуже важливою (to regard). 5. Я вдячний твоєму батькові за те, що він позичив мені гроші (to appreciate). 6. Я залишив їх, щоб вони все обговорили (to leave). 7. Коли я залишав їх, вони розмовляли про політику (to leave). 8. Джон не міг примусити себе повернутися до Лондона (to bring oneself). 9. Легко уявити Кет, яка сиділа мовчки (to imagine). 10. Я відчував, що вже час кликати лікаря. 11. Я наказав Дену зателефонувати від мого імені (to get). 12. Він примусив мене пообіцяти відвідати його (to make).
Ex. 335. Choose between the infinitive and the ing-form to use it as a part of the Complex Subject in the following sentences.
1. When the car was heard (to approach), people fled anywhere to avoid the police. 2. He was understood (to be) a teacher in his youth. 3. I was made (to stand) at the gate. 4. She may have found the note because she was seen (to look) through the book. 5. I think you‘d like to know, sir, that the train has been heard (to whistle). 6. He was instructed (to apply) for a special grant. 7. From the hill a man could be seen (to run) half a mile away. 8. He was forced (to get) out of his present job. 9. His clothes were left (to lie) where they happened to fall. 10. Two constables were left (to await) his arrival. 11. People can feel satisfaction if they are made (to feel)
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they are doing a useful service. 12. In your story he is shown (to do) a lot for other people.
Ex. 336. Choose the appropriate verbal to use it as an attribute in these sentences.
1. She looked at a (to frame) photograph of Jimmy. 2. John busied himself with the complex problem of a (to grow) city. 3. There were infrequent visitors and her books (to keep) her occupied. 4. In the room there were four men (to chat) over their coffee. 5. In the theatre there was always a seat (to reserve) for him. 6. Late at night he received a telegram from his father (to ask) him to come home at once. 7. In the drawer he kept the envelopes (to contain) his children‘s letters. 8. He decided not to plant the fields because of the labour shortage (to create) by the war. 9. He outlined his plan (to obtain) the votes of the two men. 10. They were reluctant to fill out the small forms (to describe) the expenses they had made. 11. I helped him in handling problems (to create) by other deparments. 12. I made one (to joke) remark after another in an effort (to be) friendly.
Ex. 337. Translate the following sentences using ing-complexes.
1. Він бідкався, що в його кімнаті дуже холодно. 2. Він часто говорив про те, що йому необхідно знайти роботу, за яку гарно платять. 3. Вона покликала на допомогу. Але в неї не було ніякої надії, що допомога прийде. 4. Їй не подобалася ідея, що її син буде жити в одній кімнаті з якимсь брутальним хлопцем. 5. Він розповів, що в їхнього сина є можливість отримати кращу роботу. 6. Її непокоїла думка, що її дитиною опікуються якісь незнайомі люди. 7. Коли вона повідомила про день свого від‘їзду, він не міг стримати сліз. 8. Джулія заховала цигарку так, що він цього не помітив. 9. Твій батько наполягає на тому, щоб ти отримав освіту в Оксфорді. 10. Він пообіцяв написати їй листа, і вона нетерпляче чекала на нього.
Ex. 338. Use the appropriate verbals in the following sentences.
A.1. They stared at each other, Dan still (to stand) with his teacup and Willy (to stretch) out in the chair. 2. While (to wait) for a flight, and without ever (to leave) the terminal, a visitor could have his hair (to cut), and suit (to press) and shoes (to shine). 3. The snow never stopped (to fall) that afternoon. It was dreadful (to be) outdoors. 4. Then we strolled round the place (to watch) preparations (to make) (to set) up the tent. 5.
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The door did not open. She left off (to ring), and, (to sit) down at the top of the stairs, buried her face in her hands. 6. The thought came (to flash) in his mind. 7. (To find) them in so short a time would have been next to impossible. 8. She took up the egg-cup and held it to the light (to see) if it might be tarnished a little. 9. I spent some time with Tom (to study) maps of the country. 10. He was accustomed to (to sleep) through the morning noises of the neighbour. 11. (To describe) the confusion that followed would be impossible. 12. She could not help (to bring) into her conversation the names of people she knew.
B.1. I walked down the street, not (to know) where (to turn) or what (to do). 2. She woke at half past ten in the morning (to find) her husband (to go). 3. He went out through the window so as not (to leave) the front door (to unfasten). 4. The only thing (to do) was (to call) the police. 5. She opened the door just in time (to see) Tom (to disappear) round the corner.6. He took the first opportunity (to apologize) for his rudeness. 7. The girl was only four but it delighted us (to talk) with her. 8. I had seen too many examples of the process (not to recognize) it now. 9. There were several ships (to anchor) in the harbour. 10. She tried (to insist) on (to come) with me but I finally managed (to talk) her out of it. 11. (To waste) gradually his small fortune, he preferred (to live) on the generosity of others rather than (to work). 12. I couldn‘t resist (to show) my money or
(to spend) it (to treat) my friends. 13. He was sitting with his hands (to clasp) round his knee, (to stare) at the water. 14. They said that Roger had been known (to visit) her between five and seven in the evening, on the dates (to set) down. 15. When Hugh came in, he found the painter (to put) the (to finish) touches to a picture of a beggar-man.
Ex. 339. Translate the sentences into English using proper verbals.
1. Цікаво, чому вона не хотіла, щоб я познайомився з вами. 2. Вважалося, що вони прожили дуже щасливе життя. 3. Він наказав водієві взяти машину і їхати зустрічати делегацію. 4. Я бачив, як Діана розмовляла з сусідкою. 5. Вона примусила мене перевдягнутися до вечері. 6. Він не хотів, щоб я погоджувався. 7. Я чув, як говорили, що Ліз могла стати чудовою піаністкою. 8. Ми залишили дітей, коли вони гралися на підлозі. 9. Хлопців піймали, коли вони крали вишні. 10. Мені не подобається, коли дівчата палять. 11. Вона посміхнулася, коли почула, що про неї говорять як про жінку середнього віку. 12. Мені наказали приготувати каву. 13. Його розповідь продовжувала
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веселити людей. 14. Вона застала всю родину разом. 15. Я дозволила йому супроводжувати мене до театру.
7.5. SYNTAX
7.5.1. The simple sentence
Ex. 340. Point out two-member sentences (say whether they are complete or elliptical) and one-member sentences.
1. He stared amazed at the calmness of her answer. 2. We must go to meet the bus. Wouldn‘t do to miss it. 3. Lucretius knew very little about what was going on in the world. Lived on his own fat like a bear in winter. 4. He wants to write a play for me. One man. One act. Decides to commit suicide. 5. A beautiful day. Quite warm. 6. ―What do you want?‖ ―Bandages, stuff for wounded‖. 6. ―How did he look?‖ ―Grey but otherwise much the same‖. ―And the daughter?‖ ―Pretty‖. 7. And then the silence and the beauty of this camp at night. The stars. The mystic shadow water. 8. ―I‘ll see nobody for half an hour, Macey‖ , said the boss. ―Understand? Nobody at all‖. 9. Garden at the Manor House. A flight of grey stone steps leads up to the house. The garden, an old-fashioned one, full of roses.
Ex. 341. Point out the subject and say by what it is expressed.
1. At that moment, the postman, looking like a German army officer, came in with the mail. 2. The clock struck seven. There was no si gn of any of the other guests. 3. Something impersonal and humble in that action seemed to reassure the Consul. 4. Still, the good of mankind was worth working for. 5. Forgetting some things is a difficult matter. 6. To cross from one end to the other was difficult because of the water. 7. Let‘s get out quick. It is no good wasting time. 8. She did not know. The ―No‖ was stronger than her craving to be in Frisco‘s arms. 9. Who were these people? What are they? 10. His was the harsh world of reality. No one could walk around his drawing. 11. For a woman to look at her best is a point of discipline. 12. Your coming home has made me as foolish as a young girl of nineteen. 13. These three deemed themselves as queens of the school. 14. To love on good terms with people one must share their work and interests. 15. The firing increased in volume.
Ex. 342. Point out the predicate and say to what type it belongs: simple or compound (nominal or verbal).
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1. Two young girls in red came by. 2. He tried to be both firm a nd friendly. I‘ve felt dependent on him. 3. There was a silence but not an uncomfortable one. 4. The day of our wedding came. He was to call on me to choose the furniture. 5. That made all the difference. The room came alive at once. 6. My lady keeps a list of the names in a little red book. 7. Charlie kept quiet. 8. Thompson stood a good three inches above me. 9. For a moment I stood aghast wondering what the shadowy figure was standing under the tree. 10. He seemed glad to see me. 11. At that moment everything in her life seemed to be a source of desperate anxiety. 12. She grew to know the two elderly men better than any other member of the family. 13. Soames grew impatient. 14. She turned once more to Mr. Godfrey. 15. Gwendolen turned pink and pale during this speech. 16.
Harry was enjoying his dinner. 17. But I‘ve got to have a word with him.
We got to do something about it. 18. Her marriage was more or less fixed for twenty-five years.
Ex. 343. Point out the kind of object and say by what it is expressed.
1. She pretended not to hear. 2. I know all about it, my son. 3. I have to show Dr. French his room. 4. I never heard you express that opinion before. 5. Halting, he waited for the Roman to speak first. 6. They don‘t want anything from us – not even our respect. 7. Gallio didn‘t know how to talk with Marcellus about it. 8. Laura helped her mother with the goodbyes. 9. Why did you not want him to come back and see me to-day? 10. He found it impossible to utter the next word. 11. Papa will never consent to my being absolutely dependent on you. 12. His part in the conversation consisted chiefly of yeses and noes. 13. Thus these two waited with impatience for the three years to be over. 14. He hated her to work in the boarding house. 15. Mother objected to Annie being taken away from her game with the boys. 16. They had never heard him speak with such urgency, his eyes glowing like coals in the fading light.
Ex. 344. Point out the attribute and the apposition and say by what they are expressed.
1. What do you say to a stroll through a garden, Mr. Cockane? 2. It was such a cruel thing to have happened to that gentle, helpless creature. 3. Maria, the mother, had not taken off her shawl. 4. But the doctor – a family physician well past middle age – was not impressed. 5. Sally hated the idea of borrowing and living on credit. 6. It was an easy go -as-you- please existence. 7. But now he saw that world, possible and real, with a
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flower of a woman. 8. I am not in the habit of reading other people‘s letters. 9. He thrust his hands deep into his overcoat pockets. 10. There are plenty of dogs in the town of Oxford. 11. It was not a matter to be discussed even with a guide, philosopher and friend so near and trusted as the Professor. 12. Ethel, the youngest, married a good-for-nothing little waiter. 13. It was just one little sheet of glass between her and the great wet world outside. 14. They, the professors, were right in their literary judgment.
Ex. 345. Point out the kind of adverbial modifier and state by what it is expressed.
1. At the top of the stairs she paused to wave to him. 2. Having knocked on his door, she firmly entered Grandpa‘s room. 3. After waiting for a few minutes, he marched up the steps, closely followed by Demetrius. 4. Why do you always look at things with such dreadfully practical eyes? 5. David appeared in the open door, one hand clutching bills, under his other arm an account book. 6. On being informed of the old man‘s flight, his fury was unbounded. 7. To be a complete artist it is not enough to a painter, sculptor or architect. 8. Marcellus strode heavily to and fro before the entrance, his impatience mounting. 9. She pressed his hand mutely, her eyes dim. 10. There was room enough for me to sit between them, no more. 11. She had to talk because of her desire to laugh. 12. George shook his head slowly, without looking up.
Ex. 346. Complete the following sentences putting in the necessary prepositions, conjunctions or time words for the adverbial modifiers of time.
A. At, on, in.
A footballer‘s life starts … the weekend. Most people go out … Friday night, but I have to be in bed … 10 o‘clock. … Saturday I get up … 8 o‘clock … in the morning and drive to the stadium … noon. … lunchtime our manager talks about the team we are playing. We play most of our games … the winter and sometimes it can be hard to play … a cold Saturday afternoon, especially … January. It isn‘t much fun … Christmas, either. We play a lot of games … the Christmas holiday. Although we don‘t play … Christmas Day, we do play … December 26th so I can‘t eat
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or drink too much! It would be nice to spend more time with my family … that day but I can‘t.
B. For, during, while.
1. I waited for you … half an hour and then decided that you were not coming. 2. He hasn‘t lived in Britain all his life. He lived in India … four years. 3. Production at the factory was seriously affected … the strike. 4. I felt really ill last week. I couldn‘t eat anything … three days. 5. I met Tom … I was waiting for the bus. 6. I had been away for many years, … that time many things had changed. 7. Jack started a new job a few weeks ago. Before that he was out of work … six months. 8. What did she say about me … I was out of the room? 9. There were many interruptions … the Prime Minister‘s speech. 10. Jack read a lot of magazines … he was ill.
C. By, by the time, till, until.
1. I have to be at the airport … 10.30. 2. I‘ve been offered a job. I haven‘t decided yet whether to accept it or not. I think I‘ll wait …
Thursday before making a decision. 3. … we got to the party, most of the guests had left. 4. Let me know … Saturday whether you can come to the party. 5. When I went out last Saturday, I told my father I‘d be back … 1 o‘clock at the latest. However, I was having such a good time that I didn‘t even look at my watch … 2.30! … I found a taxi to take me home, it had gone 3 o‘clock and I finally arrived home … 3.30. My father was furious and told me I‘d have to be home … 7 o‘clock every night of the week … the end of the month!.
D. On time, in time.
1.The bus was late this morning, which is unusual. It‘s usually … .
2.I washed your shirt this morning but it should be dry … for you to wear it this evening. 3. Our car is being repaired. I hope it is ready … for our
holidays. 4. Please don‘t be late for the meeting. We want to begin … . 5. I like to get up … to have a big breakfast before going to work. 6. Mr. Savage was driving very fast last night because he wanted to be home … for the late film. He knew it probably wouldn‘t start … but didn‘t want to take any chances. Suddenly a boy on a bicycle appeared in front of his car and Mr. Savage just managed to stop … to avoid hitting him. He was so frightened by this that he drove the rest of the way home very slowly.
Unfortunately, the film had started … and he missed the first half hour of it.
E. At the beginning, in the beginning, at the end, in the end.
1.It took John a long time to find a job after he left school. … he found a job as a waiter. 2. ―When do you get paid?‖ ― … of the month‖. 3.
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