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Subjunctive I in Simple (Principal) clauses

Meaning

Examples

wish

  1. God save the Queen!

  2. Long live the queen!

  3. Long live our country!

  4. Long live anarchy!

  5. Heaven help us!

  6. God bless you!

  7. God bless HMS Victoria and all who sail in her.

  8. Grammar be hanged!

  9. Cursethis dog!

  10. Woe betide him if he’s late!

concession

  1. Bethat as it may ...

  2. Comewhat may ...

  3. If that means delaying the trip, so be it. She was worried lest he should tell someone what had happened.

command

  1. Somebody / someone bring me a piece of chalk.

  2. Someone open the door.

Subjunctive I in subordinate clauses

Type of subordinate clause

Examples

Subject clauses

  1. It’s time you knuckle down to your studies.

  2. It is essential that he be prepared.

  3. It was important that he stay very still.

  4. It was important she watch her diet.

  5. It was important he get it right.

  6. It’s vital that she be warned.

  7. It is essential that every child have the same educational opportunities.

  8. He said it was important that every member send his subscription by the end of the month.

  9. It is essential that you arrive before six.

  10. It’s essential/vital that you keep me informed.

  11. It is necessary that every member inform himself of these rules.

Predicative clause

The requirement is that …

Object clauses

(suggestion, demand, requirement)

  1. He suggested that a petition be drawn up.

  2. The judge recommended that he not be released for at least three years.

  3. I insist that a meeting be held as soon as possible.

  4. The committee recommended that the company invest in new property.

  5. They demanded that he leave at once.

  6. They’re advising that children be kept out of the sun altogether.

  7. The doctor suggested that he abstain from alcohol.

Object clause

(expressions of fear)

  1. I fear lest he be late.

  2. He paused, afraid lest he say too much.

Object clause

Indirect question

  1. We cannot tell if this be true.

Adverbial clause of purpose

  1. He was put in a cell with no clothes and shoes lest he injure himself.

Adverbial clause of concession

  1. ... whatever be the reason ...

Adverbial clause of condition

  1. If need be we can always bring another car.

  2. If any person be found guilty ...

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