Лекция3

10"01;8F0 10310 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

10$878:>-10<5E0=8G5A:85 10E0p100:B5p108AB8:8 103>p10=KE 10?>p10>4

10

>p10=0O 10?>p10>40	10‑1J5<=0O 10<0AA0 10>,10 10:3/10<^310	10@5<5==>5 10A>?@>B82;5=85 10R10A,10 10­0		10!>AB02
1010p100=8B	10210610‑‑-10210710‑‑	10110‑‑-10310‑‑		10?>;52>9 10H?0B,10 10:20p10F,10 10A;N40
1010070;LB	10210710‑‑-10310310‑‑	10210610‑		10?>;52>9 10H?0B,10 10>;828=
1010­5<70	10410‑‑-10110410‑‑	10210		10:p105<=575<,10 103;8=>75<
1111C;:0=8G5A:89 11BCD	11711511‑-11111311511‑	11811-11111911		11<>=><8=5p110;L=0O 11?>p11>40
1111725AB=O:	11111711‑‑-11211611‑‑	11	11111‑‑	11<>=><8=5p110;L=0O 11?>p11>40
1111p110<>p11	11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11-11	11111211‑-11311‑‑		11<>=><8=5p110;L=0O 11?>p11>40

1111

11‑A04>G=K5 113>p11=K5 11?>p11>4K 11>1p1107>20;8AL 112 11p1157C;LB0B5 11p1107p11CH5­11=8O 11?5p1128G=KE 113>p11=KE 11?>p11>4,11 11MB>:11 11-11 113;8=0,11 11?5A>:,11 113p110289,11 11?5A­11G0==8:,11 1138?A,11 118725AB:>2K9 11BCD,11 11<5;,11 11<5p1135;L.11

11;8=0 11>1p1107>20;0AL 1187 11:0;852>3> 11?>;52>3> 11H?0B0.11 11 11!>AB02 1155 11-11 11:0>;8=8B 11A 11?@8<5AO<8.11

11­5A>: 11-11 11>1p1107>20;AO 112 11p1157C;LB0B5 11p1107p11CH5=8O 11p1107;8G=KE 113p11=KE 11?>p11>4.11

118?A 11-11 113>p11=0O 11?>p11>40,11 11A>AB>OI0O 1187 11<8=5p110;0 11B>3> 1165 11=0720­11=8O.11

11725AB=O: 11-11 11<>=><8=5p110;L=0O 113>p11=0O 11?>p11>40,11 11A>AB>OI0O 1187 11:0;LF8B0 11!0!‑₃₁₁.11

11­5<70 11-11 11(11?>p118AB>ABL 114> 11811‑%11)11 11A>AB>8B 1187 11:p115<=575<0 114> 11-11 11711‑%11 118 113;8=>75<0 114> 11-11 11111511%11.11

115p1135;8 11-11 11?p118p11>4=0O 11A<5AL 118725AB=O:0 118 113;8=K 11-11 113>B>2>5 11AKp11L5 114;O 11?@>872>4AB20 11?>p11B;0=4F5<5=B0 11(11A>45p1168B 11511‑-11811‑%11 11!0!‑₃₁₁ 118 11M11g11!‑₃₁₁,11 11>B 11211‑ 114> 11511‑%11 113;8=)11.11

115B0<>@D8G5A:85 113>p11=K5 11?>p11>4K 11-11 11>1p1107>20;8AL 112 11p1157C;LB0B5 1187<5=5=89 118725p1165==KE 118 11>A04>G=KE 113>p11=KE 11?>p11>4 11?>4 112KA>:8<8 11402;5=8O<8 118 11B5<?5p110BCp110<8,11 118<5NB 112KA>:CN 11>1J5<=CN 11<0AAC 118 11?p11>G=>ABL,11 11=0?@8<5@,11 11<p110<>p11,11 11>1p1107>202H89AO 1187 118725AB=O:>2.11

11ﾵ>AB>8=AB20<8 11?p118p11>4=KE 11:0<5==KE 11<0B5p1180;>2 11O2;ONBAO:11 112K­11A>:85 11?p11>G=>ABL 11(11A<.11B01;.11 11311.11311)11,11 124>;3>25G=>ABL,12 122>4>AB>9:>ABL 128 12<>p12>7>AB>9:>ABL,12 12E>p12>H85 1245:>p120B82=K5 12:0G5AB20;12 12=54>AB0B:8 12-12 12<0­12;>5 122p125<5==>5 12A>?p12>B82;5=85 12p120ABO65=8N 128 1287381C,12 121>;LH0O 12>1J5<­12=0O 12<0AA0.12 12#:070==K5 12:0G5AB20 12>?p12545;ONB 12>1;0ABL 12?p128<5=5=8O 12?p128p12>4=KE 12:0<5==KE 12<0B5p1280;>2 122 12ABp12>8B5;LAB25.12

12

12212.12 12‑!‑+ﾧ 12ﾵ+ 12!#!!"ﾧ+% 12ﾧ+% 12 12"ﾧP12‑,12 12% 12%P12"ﾧP12!" 12 12‑!‑ﾧ‑!"

12A:CAAB25==K5 12:0<5==K5 12<0B5p1280;K 121K20NB 12157>1683>2K5 128 12?>­12;CG05<K5 12>1683><.12 12­5p122K5 12(1215B>=K,12 120A15AB>F5<5=B,12 12A8;8:0B=K5 12<0­12B5p1280;K)12 12873>B>2;ONB 12A>548=5=85< 12<8=5p120;L=>3> 122O6CI53> 1225I5AB20 12A 122>4>9 128 1270?>;=8B5;5< 1287 12?p128p12>4=KE 12:0<A5==KE 12<0B5p1280;>2 122 12?p12>­12F5AA5 12A>>B25BAB2CNI59 12B5E=>;>38G5A:>9 12>1p1201>B:8 12(12<5E0=8G5A:>9,12 12B5?;>2>9,12 122;06=>AB=>9)12.12 12B>p12K5 12-12 12?>;CG0NB 12?CB5< 12>16830 12AKp12LO 1287 12?p128p12>4=KE 12:0<5==KE 12<0B5p1280;>2 12?p128 122KA>:8E 12B5<?5p120BCp120E 12(12:5@0<8­12G5A:85)12 12;81> 12=03p12520 12AK@LO 124> 12p120A?;02=5=8O 12(12:0<5==>5 12;8BL5,12 12<8=5p120;L=K5 12p120A?;02K)12 12A 12?>A;54CNI8< 12>E;0645=85<,12 12A>?p12>2>640NI8<AO 128E 1270B25p124520=85<.12

12! 12F5;LN 12?>=8<0=8O 12?>2545=8O 12?5p122>9 123p12C??K 12<0B5p1280;>2 122 12CA­12;>28OE 12?>60p120 12>7=0:><8<AO 12A 122O6CI8<8 1225I5AB20<8.12

12212.12112.12 12‑A=>2=K5 12A2545=8O 12> 12=5>p1230=8G5A:8E 122O6CI8E 1225I5AB20E

125>p1230=8G5A:85 12(12<8=5p120;L=K5)12 122O6CI85 1225I5AB20 1245;OB 12=0 12425 123p12C??K:12