- •Материалы для семинарских занятий
- •Obligatory Tasks and Exercises:
- •3. Read the following extract and define the differences between phonetics and phonology.
- •Obligatory Tasks and Exercises:
- •1. Say whether these statements are True or False:
- •2. Fill in the blanks with suitable terms or definitions:
- •Obligatory Tasks and Exercises:
- •1. Say whether these statements are True or False:
- •Obligatory Tasks and Exercises:
- •2. Establish the syllabic boundaries in the following group of words:
- •4. Comment on the difference in syllable division of the given English and Russian words. What articulatory vowel feature determines the syllable division in English?
- •5. Study the following oppositions. Detect the realization of the phonological function of syllable division.
- •Obligatory Tasks and Exercises:
- •1. Read the following extracts. Comment on each phonetic conception of word-accent concerned with its acoustic nature, degree, position and linguistic function in English and in Russian.
- •2. Choose between the variants: a or b
- •3.Fill in the gaps in the table: types of word-stress
- •4. Fill in the gaps in the table: accentuation tendencies in English
- •Obligatory Tasks and Exercises
- •1. Read the following extracts. Comment on each conception of intonation.
- •2. Restore the hierarchy of prosodic units
- •3. Fill in the gaps in the table: functional aspect of prosody
- •Obligatory Tasks and Exercises
- •1. Compare the following approaches to the problems of:
3.Fill in the gaps in the table: types of word-stress
|
The criterion |
Type of word-stress |
Basic characteristics |
|
According to the nature of word-stress |
dynamic (force) |
The effect of prominence is achieved by …… |
|
…………… |
The effect of prominence is achieved by uttering a stressed syllable on a different pitch level or with a different pitch direction than the other syllable or syllables of the word, e.g. Oriental languages(Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese), African languages | |
|
qualitative |
The effect of prominence is achieved by ………….
| |
|
quantitative |
The effect of prominence is achieved by ………………. | |
|
According to the stability of position |
Free: (1) ………accent is one which remains on the same morpheme in different grammatical forms of a word or in different derivatives from one and the same root, e.g. wonder, wonderful, wonderfully (2) …..accent is one which falls on different morphemes in different grammatical forms of a word or in different derivatives from one and the same root, e. g. active – activity; сад – садовод –садовый. |
………………………. |
|
………………. |
the main accent invariably falls on a syllable which occupies in all the words of the language one and the same position in relation to the beginning or end of a word, e.g. French, Check. |
4. Fill in the gaps in the table: accentuation tendencies in English
|
Accentuation tendency |
The essence of the tendency |
|
………………tendency |
stress falls on the first syllable which is generally the root syllable (mother, ready) or on the second syllable if a word has a prefix of no special meaning (become, indeed, forgive, behind)
|
|
the rhythmic tendency |
………………………………….. |
|
………………….tendency |
The stress of the parent word is often preserved in derivatives (`personal – `perso`nality) |
|
There is a tendency to stress the most important elements in words such as ………………………………………………………………………………….. | |
Seminar 6 Utterance Prosody. Prosodic units. Prosodic Subsystems. Functional Aspect of Prosody.
Task 1. Imagine that you are the participants of a philological conference. Team up into 5 groups (3-5 people). Choose from the list below one problem for discussion (one group is responsible for one problem only, problems mustn’t be repeated in groups). Make use of the material of the lecture and additional material (obligatorily!!!!!!!!!):
What is your idea of intonation? Do you see any difference between the terms
“intonation” & “prosody”? Speak about the meanings & functions of prosody.
Give account of the prosodic units of a language.
Describe the prosodic subsystems: pitch & utterance stress.
Speak about the prosodic subsystems: rhythm, tempo & pauses.
What is bilingualism? Discuss the problem of phonetic interference, mention the features of Russian – English phonemic and prosodic interference.
Prepare the presentation of a problem, distribute the roles in a group in the following way:
a) SPEAKER (making use of the lecture material, additional material, Internet resourses presents a 4-5 minute report on a chosen problem);
b) ASSISTANT-SPEAKER (making use of the lecture material, additional material, Internet resourses adds a SPEAKER’s report on a chosen problem, 2 minutes);
c) GROUP MEMBER (every member of the group, except a speaker and an assistant-speaker, prepares one question beforehand and addresses the question either to a speaker or to an assistant-speaker);
d) COUNTERSPEAKER (beforehand prepares 3-5 questions on the information presented by the speaker and an assistant-speaker and addresses them to the members of the other groups, assesses the answers, puts down the marks, passes the list with the surnames and marks to a teacher).
Thus, in the end of the seminar every student gets a mark for activeness-passiveness at the seminar.
Literature
Боисова, Л.В., Метлюк, А.А. Теоретическая фонетика английского языка: учеб.пособие для ин-тов и фак. иностр.яз./ Л.В. Борисова, А.А. Метлюк. – Минск: «Вышэйшая школа», 1980. – С.69 - 109
Васильев, В.А. Фонетика английского языка. Нормативный курс: учебник для ин-тов и фак. иностр.яз./ В. А. Васильев [и др.] – 2-е изд.перераб. - М.: Высшая школа, 1980. - С. 286 -322
Соколова, М.А. Теоретическая фонетика английского языка. Практикум: учеб.пособие / М.А. Соколова, И.А.Афонская, Л.Б.Ковалева [и др.] – М.: «Профобразование»,2001. – С.98 - 142
Key terms: intonation, prosody, a rhythmic group, an intonation group, an utterance, a supraphrasal unit, pith level, pitch range, rhythm, tempo, bilingualism, phonetic interference.