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ІІ Семестр

ІІІ. Змістовий модуль „Велика Британія. Сполучені Штати Америки”

Практичне заняття № 1

Тема: Географічне розташування Великобританії. Політична система країни.

1. Робота над текстом за темою заняття.

1. Прочитайте та запишіть транскрипцію власних назв: The United Kingdom, The British Isles, Cardiff, Belfast, Edinburgh ,Liverpool, Cambridge, Oxford, Stratford-upon-Avon.

2. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The UK is situated on two large islands called the British Isles. The larger island is Great Britain, the smaller is Ireland. The official name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It consists of four parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.

The country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Irish Sea. The area of the UK is 84, 550 square miles. The population is 57 million people.

If you travel to Great Britain from Ukraine, it will take you two days to pass through several countries on the continent by train, and six more hours to cross the English Channel by boat. If you fly to Great Britain, it will take you only three and a half hours.

There are also mountain chains in Scotland, Wales and North-West England, but they are not very high. North-West England is also famous for its beautiful lakes. The longest river in England is the Severn and the deepest is the Thames. London stands on the river Thames. London is the capital of England.

The sea enters deeply into the land. It has a great influence on the climate. The climate is damp, but mild. The winter is not very cold and the summer is not very hot. The winds are very warm: refreshing breezes come from the sea. There is much rain during the year. In fact, no region in the country is dry for three weeks. England is also famous for its fogs. Englishmen call them "pea soups". But, in fact, there is no fog in England now. Antipollution helped.

Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy. The formal head of the state is Queen Elizabeth II. But the prime minister is the real head of the state. He is the head of the government. Ministers govern Great Britain. And queen doesn’t have any power at all. She is only a symbol of Great Britain.

Parliament makes laws. It consists of the House of Commons and the House of Lords. People elect the members of the House of Commons (MPs). The members of the House of Lords inherit their titles. MPs receive a salary, and the members of the House of Lords do not receive a salary. The UK doesn't have any written constitution.

Great Britain has a very powerful economy. It is a manufacturing and trading nation. It exports cars, buses, trucks, motorcycles. But it doesn't produce enough food. The UK imports food. Englishmen raise sheep for meat and wool. They grow potatoes, sugar beets and wheat. Apple and cherry orchards in spring are very beautiful. Natural resources of the UK are gas, coal and oil.

3. Translate the sentences from Russian into English:

Великобритания – высокоразвитое государство;

Она расположена на северо-западе Европы;

Соединенное королевство состоит из четырех частей: Шотландии,

Англии, Уэльса и Северной Ирландии.

Столица Великобритании – Лондон;

Страна омывается Северным морем, Атлантическим океаном;

Население страны – 57 млн. человек;

Климат Великобритании - мягкий;

Самая большая река – Севан, самая глубокая – Темза;

Крупные города: Шеффилд, Берлинцем, Манчестер, Глароу.

4. Answer questions:

- Where is UK situated?

- Is this country highly developed?

- By what ocean and sees is UK washed by?

- Haw many parts have Great Britain?

- Haw many people live in this country?

- What is the capital of UK?

- What is the main city of Great Britain?

- What is the main river of the country?

- What is the lance area (244 км²).

5. Learn these facts by heart:

Government: Forms of government: Constitutional Monarchy. In practice a parliamentary democracy.

Head of the state: Monarch (queen or king)

Head of government: Prime Minister

Legislature: Parliament of two houses: 651 – member House of Commons; the House of Lords – about 1, 170 members.

Executive: Prime Minister (chosen y the House of Commons) and Cabinet

Political subdivisions: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland – four “countries” united under one government. Each country has units of local government.

Economy. Chief Products: Agriculture – wool, beef, cattle, milk, chicken and eggs, pigs, wheat, potatoes, barley, sugar beet. Manufacturing – foods and beverages, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, electrical and electronic goods, machinery, motor vehicles, textiles and clothing, rubber and plastics goods, iron and steel, meal manufactures, ceramics.

Money: Basic unit – pound, also called pound sterling.

ІІ. Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням