- •Foreword
- •Preface to the Fourth Edition
- •Contents
- •Instructions for Use
- •Bones
- •Sutures, joints and ligaments
- •Muscles
- •Muscles, synovial bursae and sheaths
- •Digestive system
- •Digestive and respiratory system
- •Urogenital system
- •Peritoneum
- •Endocrine glands
- •Heart
- •Veins
- •Lymphatic system
- •Spinal cord
- •Cranial nerves
- •Autonomic nervous system
- •Sense organs
- •Skin and its appendages
- •General terms
- •References
- •Index
176 Peritoneum
1Urogenital diaphragm. [[Diaphragm urogeni-
1 tale]]. Fibromuscular wall spread out between the right and left inferior rami of the pubis. A B E
22 Deep perineal space. Spatium perinei profundum. Space between the inferior and superior
fascia of the urogenital diaphragm. Contents: 3 Deep transversus perinei and sphincter urethrae muscles; bulbo-urethral glands; nerves and ves-
4sels for the penis. A
3M. transversus perinei profundus. Trapezoidshaped muscular plate stretched out in the pubic
5arch. I: Pudendal nerve. A B E F
4M. sphincter urethrae. Muscular fibers sur-
6rounding the membranous part of the urethra. I: Pudendal nerve. A E F
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4 a M. compressor urethrae. Muscle fibers that ex- |
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tend distally from the m. sphincter urethrae to |
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the ramus of the ischium. F |
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4 b M. sphincter urethrovaginalis. Muscle fibers |
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that extend distally from the m. compressor |
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urethrae to the bulb of the vestibule. F |
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5 Superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm. Fascia |
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diaphragmatis urogenitalis superior. Fascia of the |
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deep transverse perinei muscle located on the |
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side of the ischio-anal fossa. A |
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6 Perineal membrane [Inferior fascia of urogeni- |
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tal diaphragm]. Membrana perinei [fascia dia- |
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phragmatis urogenitalis inferior]. Fascia on the |
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anteroinferior surface of the deep transverse per- |
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inei muscle. |
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7 Transverse perineal ligament. Lig. transversum |
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perinei. Thickened fusion of both fasciae of the |
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urogenital diaphragm at the anterior, upper mar- |
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gin of the deep transverse perinei muscle. E |
8 Superficial perineal space. Spatium perinei superficiale. Space between the superficial perineal
15fascia and the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm. It contains the root of the penis. A
169 M. transversus perinei superficialis. Inconstant
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separated portion of the deep transverse perineal |
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muscle. It radiates out into the perineal body. I: |
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Pudendal nerve. B |
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10 M. ischiocavernosus. Muscle that arises from the
18ramus of the ischium, lies on the crus of the penis and attaches to its tunica albuginea. I: Pudendal nerve. A B
1911 M. bulbospongiosus [[m. bulbocavernosus]].
Muscle that arises from the perineal body and the
20median raphe of the corpus spongiosum, then passes lateral to them and extends to the inferior perineal membrane and the dorsum of the penis.
21In the female it follows the course of the bulb of the vestibule. I: Pudendal nerve. A B; see also
22page 225 D
12Superficial perineal fascia. Fascia perinei superficialis. Fascia forming the anteroinferior border of
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the superficial perineal space. A |
13 ISCHIOANAL FOSSA. Fossa ischioanalis. Space be-
24tween the levator ani and obturator internus muscles. It is bordered anteroinferiorly by the urogenital diaphragm. A B
2514 Fat body of ischioanal fossa. Corpus adiposum
fossae ischioanalis. A pad of fat in the ischioanal fossa.
15Pudendal [[Alcock’s]] canal. Canalis pudendalis [[Alcock]]. Splitting of obturator fascia in lateral wall of ischioanal fossa to form a tunnel for passage of the pudendal vessels and nerves. A
16Retropubic space. Spatium retropubicum [[spatium praevesicale; cavum Retzii]]. Space between the urinary bladder and the pubis filled with loose connective tissue and bounded inferiorly by the puboprostatic ligament. C
17PERITONEUM. Serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity.
18Abdominal cavity. [[Cavitas abdominalis]].
19Peritoneal cavity. Cavitas peritonealis. Space in abdominal cavity enclosed by peritoneum.
19 a Extraperitoneal space. Spatium extraperitoneale. Space in connective tissue with no relationship to the peritoneum.
20 Retroperitoneal space. Spatium retroperitoneale. Space between the peritoneum and the transversalis fascia.
21Extraperitoneal fascia. Fascia extraperitonealis. Connective tissue layer of varying thickness beneath the peritoneum.
22Extraperitoneal organ. Organum extraperitoneale. Organ in extraperitoneal space.
23Parietal peritoneum. Peritoneum parietale. Peritoneum of abdominal wall. D
24Tunica serosa. Serous membrane lined by smooth, simple peritoneal epithelium.
25Tela subserosa. Connective tissue layer beneath the serosa.
26Visceral peritoneum. Peritoneum viscerale. Peritoneum covering the abdominal viscera. D
27Tunica serosa. See 24.
28Tela subserosa. See 25.
29Epiploic foramen [[of Winslow]]. Foramen omentale (epiploicum). Opening into the lesser sac behind the hepatoduodenal ligament. D
30Omental bursa [[lesser sac of peritoneum]].
Bursa omentalis. A peritoneal cavity situated mainly behind the stomach. D
31Vestibule of omental bursa. Vestibulum bursae omentalis. Portion of the omental bursa situated near the caudate lobe of the liver and bounded by the gastropancreatic folds on the left. D
32Upper omental recess. Recessus superior omentalis. Upwardly directed recess between the inferior vena cava and the esophagus. D
33Lower omental recess. Recessus inferior omentalis. Lower portion of the omental bursa located between the stomach and transverse colon, or, in some cases, between the anterior and posterior layers of the greater omentum. D
34Splenic recess. Recessus splenicus (lienalis). Left portion of lower omental recess bounded by splenic ligaments. D
35Gastropancreatic folds. Plicae gastropancreaticae. Folds in the posterior wall of the lesser sac formed by the left gastric and common hepatic arteries. D
35 a Hepatopancreatic fold. Plica hepatopancreatica. Also called plica gastropancreatica dextra. Peritoneal fold that encloses the common hepatic artery.
Peritoneum 177
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Frontal section of male pelvis |
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Male perineal musculature |
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from below |
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29
35
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16
C Urinary bladder, lateral view
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Posterior wall |
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of omental bursa |
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and adjacent organs |
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4a |
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4b |
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44.20 |
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44.3 |
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172.13 |
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170.1 |
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Urogenital |
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Female urogenital sphincter |
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diaphragm |
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according to Oelrich |
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178 |
Peritoneum |
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1 |
Dorsal mesentery. [[Mesenterium dorsale 19 |
Splenorenal |
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(lienorenal, |
phrenicosplenic) |
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commune]]. Embryologically original, com- |
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ligament. |
Lig. |
splenorenale |
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(lienorenale, |
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mon, dorsal suspensory ligament of the still |
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phrenicosplenicum). Peritoneal fold that ex- |
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undifferentiated intestinal tube. |
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tends from the diaphragm, kidney and pan- |
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Mesentery. Mesenterium. Dorsal |
peritoneal |
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creas to the hilum of the spleen; on the right, it |
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fold for the fixation of the intraperitoneal small |
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is continuous with the transverse mesocolon. B |
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intestine. It transports blood vessels and |
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Hepatic ligaments. Ligg. hepatis. |
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nerves. B |
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Coronary ligament. Lig. coronarium. The line |
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Root of mesentery. Radix mesenterii. Line of |
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or reflection of the parietal peritoneum that ex- |
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attachment that extends from the posterior |
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tends from the diaphragmatic surface to the |
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wall of the abdominal cavity near the second |
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visceral peritoneum of the liver at the margin of |
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lumbar vertebra to the right iliac fossa. A |
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the bare area. A |
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Mesocolon. Peritoneal fold bearing vessels and |
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Falciform ligament of liver. Lig. falciforme (he- |
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nerves; it attaches and supplies the colon. |
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patis). Peritoneal fold from the anterior and in- |
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Transverse mesocolon. Mesocolon transver- |
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ferior sides of the liver to the anterior abdomi- |
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sum. Suspensory ligament of the transverse |
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nal wall. B |
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colon. A B |
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Right triangular ligament. Lig. triangulare |
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Mesocolon of ascending colon. Mesocolon |
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dextrum. Triangular peritoneal fold between |
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ascendens. It fuses with the posterior abdomi- |
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the right lobe of the liver and the diaphragm. It |
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nal wall in the 4th embryonic month. |
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forms the right end of the coronary ligament. A |
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Mesocolon of descending colon. Mesocolon |
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Left triangular ligament. Lig. triangulare sin- |
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descendens. It fuses with the posterior abdomi- |
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istrum. Triangular peritoneal fold between the |
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nal wall in the 4th embryonic month. |
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liver and diaphragm. It forms the left end of the |
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Sigmoid mesocolon. Mesocolon sigmoideum. |
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coronary ligament. A |
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Suspensory ligament of sigmoid colon. B |
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Hepatorenal |
ligament. |
Lig. |
hepatorenale. |
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Mes-oappendix |
[[mesenteriolum]]. |
Suspen- |
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Continuation |
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ligament at- |
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tached to the right kidney. A |
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sory ligament of vermiform appendix. B |
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Lesser omentum. Omentum minus. Peritoneal |
26 Folds and recesses. Plicae et fossae (recessus). |
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Fascia retinens rostralis. Band passing upward |
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sheet extending mainly between the stomach |
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and liver. |
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at the duodenojejunal flexure, in some cases |
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Hepatogastric ligament. Lig. hepatogastricum. |
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together with the suspensory muscle of the |
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duodenum. See 124.10. A |
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Part of the lesser omentum between the |
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stomach and liver. B |
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Superior duodenal fold (duodenojejunal fold). |
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Hepatoduodenal |
ligament. |
Lig. |
hepa- |
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Plica duodenalis superior (plica duodenoje- |
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toduodenale. Part of lesser omentum between |
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junalis). Peritoneal fold on the left side of the |
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the duodenum and liver. It contains the hepatic |
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duodenojejunal flexures and in front of the su- |
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perior duodenal recess. It contains the inferior |
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artery proper, bile duct and the portal vein. B |
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Hepatocolic ligament. [Lig. hepatocolicum]. |
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mesenteric vein. A |
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Recessus |
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Superior |
duodenal |
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recess. |
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Inconstant continuation of the hepatoduodenal |
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ligament toward |
the right at |
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colic |
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duodenalis superior. Peritoneal recess behind |
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flexure or near the transverse colon. B |
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the superior duodenal fold. A |
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Inferior duodenal fold |
(duodenomesocolic |
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Greater omentum. Omentum majus. Doubled |
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fold). Plica duodenalis inferior (plica duode- |
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peritoneal apron hanging down from the |
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nomesocolica). Peritoneal fold just in front of |
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stomach and transverse colon; it contains vari- |
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able amounts of fat. B |
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duodenojejunal flexure. A |
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Gastrophrenic ligament. Lig. gastrophrenicum. |
31 Inferior duodenal recess. Recessus duodenalis |
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inferior. Peritoneal recess behind the inferior |
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Upper continuation of the phrenicosplenic and |
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duodenal fold. A |
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gastrosplenic ligaments between the stomach |
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[Plica |
paraduodenalis]. |
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Paraduodenal |
fold. |
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and diaphragm. A B |
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Gastrosplenic (gastrolienal) |
ligament. |
Lig. |
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Peritoneal fold located on the left side of the |
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gastrosplenicum |
(gastrolienale). |
Peritoneal |
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duodenum. A |
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33 |
Paraduodenal recess. [Recessus para- |
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connection from the lesser curvature of the |
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stomach to the hilum of the spleen. B |
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duodenalis]. Peritoneal recess behind the para- |
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Gastrocolic ligament. Lig. gastrocolicum. Peri- |
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duodenal fold that opens toward the right. A |
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toneal connection between the lesser curvature |
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Retroduodenal recess. [Recessus retroduo- |
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of the stomach and the omental tenia of the |
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denalis]. Peritoneal recess between the aorta |
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transverse colon. It is attached to the gastros- |
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plenic ligament. B |
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A |
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2418 Phrenicocolic ligament. Lig. phrenicocolicum. Peritoneal fold on the left side of the body, be-
25tween the diaphragm and the descending colon. B
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APosterior abdominal wall
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BAbdominal cavity after removal of stomach, small intestine and sigmoid colon
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180 |
Peritoneum |
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Intersigmoid recess. Recessus intersig- |
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Lateral umbilical fold [epigastric fold]. Plica |
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moideus. Peritoneal recess left of and below the |
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umbilicalis lateralis [[plica epigastrica]]. Peri- |
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root of the sigmoid mesocolon. A |
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toneal fold produced by the inferior epigastric |
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Superior ileocecal recess. Recessus ileocaecalis |
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artery. A B |
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superior. Peritoneal recess above the opening |
19 Lateral inguinal fossa. Fossa inguinalis later- |
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of the ileum into the cecum. A |
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alis. Depression lateral to the lateral umbilical |
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3 Vascular cecal fold. Plica caecalis vascularis. |
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fold corresponding to the deep inguinal ring. B |
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4 |
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Peritoneal fold in front of the superior ileocecal |
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Transverse vesical fold. Plica vesicalis trans- |
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recess; it contains a branch of the ileocolic |
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versa. Peritoneal fold extending transversely |
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artery. A |
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over the moderately filled bladder. It disap- |
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4 Inferior ileocecal recess. Recessus ileocaecalis |
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pears when the bladder is full. A |
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21 Paravesical fossa. Fossa paravesicalis. Shallow |
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inferior. Peritoneal recess below the opening of |
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the ileum into the cecum. A |
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depression lateral to the bladder. It is bounded |
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Ileocecal fold. Plica ileocaecalis. Peritoneal fold |
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laterally by the ductus deferens. B |
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in front of inferior ileocecal recess that extends |
22 Urogenital peritoneum. Peritoneum urogeni- |
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inferiorly up to the appendix. A |
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tale. Peritoneum of the reproductive organs. |
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6 Retrocecal recess. Recessus retrocaecalis. Peri- |
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Vaginal process of peritoneum. [[Processus |
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toneal fold often present on the right side of the |
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vaginalis peritonei]]. Finger-like diverticulum |
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body behind the cecum or ascending colon. A |
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of the peritoneum that extends through the in- |
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Cecal folds. Plicae |
caecales. Peritoneal folds |
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guinal canal accompanying the descent of the |
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testis. |
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outside the cecum. They correspond to the |
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24 Broad ligament of uterus. Lig. latum uteri. Per- |
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semilunar folds in the colon. A |
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Paracolic |
sulci. Sulci |
paracolici. |
Occasional |
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itoneal duplication between the uterus and |
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lateral pelvic wall for transmission of vessels |
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pockets left of the descending colon. A |
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and nerves. A |
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9 Subphrenic recess. Recessus subphrenici. Peri- |
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Mesometrium. Portion of the broad ligament |
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toneal recess between the diaphragm and both |
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lobes of the liver, right and left of the falciform |
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passing to the uterus. A |
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ligament; it is bounded posterosuperiorly by |
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Mesosalpinx. Mesentery of uterine tube. A |
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the coronary ligament. C |
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Mesovarium. Mesentery of ovary. A |
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Subhepatic |
recess. |
Recessus |
subhepatici. |
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Suspensory ligament of ovary. Lig. suspen- |
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Recess between the liver and transverse colon |
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sorium ovarii. Ligament derived from the |
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or adjoining viscera. C |
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cranial gonadal fold; it suspends the ovary su- |
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Hepatorenal |
recess. Recessus hepatorenalis. |
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periorly and contains the ovarian vessels. A |
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29 Ovarian fossa. Fossa ovarica. Depression at the |
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Portion of the subhepatic recess bounded by |
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the kidney and suprarenal gland. C |
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origin of the internal and external iliac arteries. |
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Anterior |
parietal |
peritoneum. |
Peritoneum |
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Rectouterine fold. Plica rectouterina. Peri- |
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parietale anterius. |
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toneal fold between the rectum and uterus. A |
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Median umbilical fold. Plica umbilicalis medi- |
31 Rectouterine pouch [[pouch of Douglas]]. Ex- |
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ana [[plica umbilicalis media]]. Fold passing |
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cavatio rectouterina. Deepest part of abdominal |
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from the apex of the urinary bladder to the |
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cavity between the rectum, uterus and the two |
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umbilicus. It contains the remains of the ura- |
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rectouterine folds. A |
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chus. A B |
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32 Vesicouterine pouch. Excavatio vesicouterina. |
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Supravesical fossa. Fossa supravesicalis. Shal- |
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Peritoneal space between the uterus and blad- |
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low depression in front of the urinary bladder |
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der. A |
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between the median and medial umbilical |
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Rectovesical pouch. Excavatio rectovesicalis. |
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folds. B |
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Deepest part of the abdominal cavity between |
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15 Medial umbilical fold. Plica umbilicalis medi- |
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the rectum and bladder in the male. |
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alis [[plica umbilicalis lateralis]]. Fold corre- |
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sponding to the obliterated umbilical artery. It |
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is located in the anterior abdominal wall be- |
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tween the median umbilical (obliterated ura- |
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chus) and lateral umbilical (inferior epigastric |
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artery) folds. A B |
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16 Medial inguinal fossa. Fossa inguinalis medi-
23alis. Depression lying opposite the external inguinal ring between the medial and lateral ubilical folds. B
2417 Inguinal trigone. Trigonum inguinale. Triangular area between the lateral margin of the rec-
25tus abdominis, inguinal ligament and lateral umbilical fold (inferior epigastric artery). B
Peritoneum 181
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28 3 |
2 |
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AView of the female true pelvis (pelvis minor) from above
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Liver recess |
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C |
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14 |
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B Anterior abdominal wall, posterior view
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