- •«Финансовый университет
- •Предисловие
- •Часть 1:
- •Часть 2:
- •Into the Modern Era (1950s – Present)
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Violence in Schools
- •Ian says:
- •Unit II
- •Vocabulary list
- •Text b What are Microeconomics and Macroeconomics?
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 Text a The system of higher education in the United States
- •Text b Education in the United States
- •Community Colleges
- •The Ivy League
- •Glossary
- •Unit III
- •Opportunity Costs
- •Vocabulary list
- •Planned Economies
- •Market Economies
- •Vocabulary list
- •Mixed Economy
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •How to Choose a University Course
- •Unit IV Part 1 Competition
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 TextA
- •Strengths and Weaknesses of a Student
- •How to be motivated to start studying
- •Instructions:
- •Tips & warnings
- •How to be a good student
- •Instructions:
- •Unit V Part 1 Money: History and Functions
- •History of the word “money”
- •Functions of money
- •Money as a medium of exchange
- •Money as a store of value
- •Money as a unit of account
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Money and the Meaning of Life
- •Respect & recognition
- •Personal satisfaction
- •Unit VI Part 1 Forms of Money
- •Commodity money
- •Metallic money
- •Metallic coins
- •History Paper money
- •Obligations
- •Gold Standard
- •Gold Exchange Standard
- •Vocabulary List
- •Intrinsic value, bill of exchange, scarcity, durability, fiat money, nominal value, gold standard, legal tender
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •It’s All Who You Know
- •The Effect of Part-Time Jobs on Students
- •Unit VII
- •Movements in individual prices and in the general price level
- •Measurement issues
- •Consumer Price Index
- •Measurement problems
- •Nominal and real variables
- •Vocabulary list
- •Hyperinflation
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 From College to Career
- •Navigate Change: 3 Tips to Manage the Transition from College to Career
- •1. Small Steps
- •2. Small Dreams
- •3. Big Belief
- •1. Do you prefer to study…
- •2. Do you study best…
- •3. Do you prefer to work…
- •Goldsmith to Banker
- •Vocabulary list
- •Text b The Bank of England
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Career: Economist
- •Unit IX Part 1 Globalization
- •The Pros and Cons of Globalization
- •Vocabularylist
- •Interaction, globalization, cross-border, controversial, vulnerability, interdependence, integration
- •Text b Russia and Globalization
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Part 2 Why learn languages?
- •10 Good reasons why you should be learning a foreign language
- •Text a British educational and foreign language policy
- •I. Single European Market
- •II. European Monetary Institute
- •III. Ecb and the euro
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 Defining a 21st Century Education: At a Glance
- •Appendix I Communication Skills
- •Greetings and Introductions
- •Introductions – Social Language
- •Informal Greetings: Arriving
- •Informal Greetings: Departing
- •Travel Greetings - Social Language
- •Social Contacts: Starting a Conversation
- •Five Basic Facts
- •Hobbies / Free Time
- •Social Contacts: Speaking to Strangers; Special Days
- •Interrupting
- •Special Days
- •Social Contacts: Small Talk
- •Social Contacts: First Name, Last Name Or Title?
- •Expressing opinion
- •Making Suggestions
- •Construction
- •Stating a Preference
- •Construction
- •Disagreeing
- •Giving Advice
- •Construction
- •Contrasting Ideas
- •Construction
- •Asking for Information and Explanations
- •Construction
- •Task: Make up short dialogues using the above constructions. Demanding Explanations
- •Construction
- •Telephoning (I) Telephone English - Important Phrases
- •Telephone English - Leaving Messages
- •Telephoning (II) Business Telephone Conversation Patterns
- •Interrupting
- •Negotiations
- •Glossary
- •Negotiations Stages. The language
- •1 Opening the Negotiations
- •2 Clarifying Proposals
- •3 Exploring the Zone of Bargaining and Options
- •4 Bargaining
- •5 Entering the Critical Phase
- •Identifying obstacles:
- •6 Closing
- •The Negotiation Process
- •Language to use to show understanding/agreement on a point:
- •Language to use for objection on a point or offer:
- •Markus Opens the Negotiations
- •Appendix II
- •Summary Writing
- •If you must use the words of the author, cite them.
- •Gist Writing
- •Getting the gist
- •Appendix III
- •I. Preparation and Planning
- •I.1 Essential Preparation and Planning Checklist
- •I.2 Other questions concerning physical aspects.
- •II. Structure of an Oral Presentation
- •II.1.D Give title and introduce subject
- •II.1.E Give your objectives (purpose, aim, goals)
- •II.1.F Announce your outline.
- •II.3 The end or conclusion
- •II.3.A Content
- •II.3.B Dealing with difficult questions
- •Summary of Part II
- •III. Visuals
- •Vocabulary of graphs/chart
- •IV. A Relationship with the Audience
- •V. Body Language
- •VI. Voice and Pronunciation
- •Заключение
- •List of Literature
- •Internet sources:
- •Благодарности
- •Contents
Telephoning (II) Business Telephone Conversation Patterns
Telephone conversations use a number of standard phrases that are specifically applied only when telephoning in English. Telephone conversations, especially business telephone conversations, also follow certain patterns:
Someone answers the phone and asks if he / she can help.
The caller makes a request - either to be connected to someone or for information.
The caller is connected, given information or told that he /she is not in the office at the moment.
If the person who is requested is not in the office, the caller is asked to leave a message.
The caller leaves a message or asks other questions.
Thephonecallfinishes.
Of course, all business telephone conversations do not follow this rigid scheme. However, this is the basic outline for most business telephone conversations, especially those made to businesses to request information or ask for clarification.
Task 1: The following example business telephone conversation can be used as a role play in class to introduce a number of standard phrases used when telephoning in English. Use the short summary and try to reproduce the conversation once you have practiced the role play a few times.
Example Business Telephone Conversation - Role Play
Ms Anderson (sales representative Jewels and Things): ring-ring ... ring-ring ... ring-ring ... Secretary (Henry Smith): Hello, Diamonds Galore, this is Henry speaking. How may I be of help to you today?
Ms Anderson: Yes, this is Ms Janice Roberts calling. May I speak to Mr. Franks, please? Henry Smith: I'm afraid Mr. Franks is out of the office at the moment. Would you like me to take a message?
MsAnderson:Uhm... actually, this call is rather urgent. We spoke yesterday about a delivery problem that Mr. Franks mentioned. Did he leave any information with you? Henry Smith: As a matter of fact, he did. He said that a representative from your company might be calling. He also asked me to ask you a few questions..
Ms Anderson: Great, I'd love to see this problem resolved as quickly as possible. Henry Smith: Well, we still haven't received the shipment of earrings that was supposed to arrive last Tuesday.
Ms Anderson: Yes, I'm terribly sorry about that. In the meantime, I've spoken with our delivery department and they assured me that the earrings will be delivered by tomorrow morning. Henry Smith: Excellent, I'm sure Mr. Franks will be pleased to hear that.
Ms Anderson: Yes, the shipment was delayed from France. We weren't able to send along your shipment until this morning. Henry Smith: I see. Mr. Franks also wanted to schedule a meeting with you later this week.
Ms Anderson: Certainly, what is he doing on Thursday afternoon? Henry Smith: I'm afraid he's meeting with some clients out of town. How about Thursday morning?
Ms Anderson: Unfortunately, I'm seeing someone else on Thursday morning. Is he doing anything on Friday morning? Henry Smith: No, it looks like he's free then.
Ms Anderson: Great, should I come by at 9? Henry Smith: Well, he usually holds a staff meeting at nine. It only lasts a half an hour or so. How about 10?
Ms Anderson: Yes, 10 would be great. Henry Smith: OK, I'll schedule that. Ms Anderson at 10, Friday Morning... Is there anything else I can help you with?
Ms Anderson: No, I think that's everything. Thank you for your help... Goodbye. Henry Smith: Goodbye.
Keywords and Important Phrases
How may I be of help - This is a formal phrase used to show politeness. It means 'Can I help you?' calling - telephoning out of the office - not in the office take a message - to write down a message from the caller urgent - very important delivery - the bringing of goods to a client mentioned - said resolved - taken care of as quickly as possible - in the fastest manner, ASAP shipment - delivery, the bringing of goods to a client assured - certainty that something is true or will happen pleased - happy delayed -not be able to do something on time looks like - seems staff meeting - a meeting of employees lasts - takes time schedule - future appointments rather - very, quite still - a form of emphasis to show that something has not been done up to the moment in time send along - deliver How about - phrase for making suggestions else - another added person or thing
Short Summary of the Telephone Conversation
Ms Anderson telephones Diamonds Galore to speak with Mr. Franks. Mr. Franks is not in the office, but Henry Smith, the secretary, speaks to Ms Anderson about a delivery problem with some earrings. The earrings have not yet arrived at Diamonds Galore. Ms Anderson tells Peter that there was a problem with the shipment from France, but that the earrings should arrive tomorrow morning.
They next schedule a meeting between Ms Anderson and Mr. Franks. Mr. Franks is not able to meet with Ms Anderson on Thursday because he is busy. They finally decide on Friday morning at 10 o'clock after a staff meeting that Mr Owen usually holds on Friday mornings.
Task 2: Make up telephone dialogues of your own using the standard phrases from the above list.
Write a short summary of each conversation after you have listened to it.
THE LANGUAGE OF MEETINGS AND NEGOTIATIONS
Meetings
Formal or informal deliberative assembly of individuals called to debate certain issuesand problems, and to take decisions. Formal meetings are held at definite times, at a definite place, and usually for a definite duration to follow an agreed upon agenda. In a corporate setting, they are divided into two main groups (1) Organizational meeting: normally a regular meeting involving stockholders (shareholders) and management, such as a board meeting and annual general meeting (AGM). (2) Operational meeting: regular or ad hoc meeting involving management and employees, such as a committee meeting, planning meeting, and sales meeting. A meeting is typically headed by a chairperson, and its deliberationsare recorded in a written form called minutes. Under corporate legislation, two main types of meetings are general meetings and special or extraordinary meetings. Such meetings must have a minimum number of members (called quorum) present to make the legally operative. Decisions (called resolutions) are made on the basis of the number of votes the assenting and dissenting parties can muster. Under the doctrine of collective responsibility, decisions taken at these meetings bind all members whether present or not.
Glossary
deliberate assembly – совещательное собрание
to debate certain issues – обсуждатьпроблемы
to follow an agreed upon agenda – следоватьутвержденнойповестке
organizational meeting – организационное собрание
operational meeting – оперативное совещание
adhocmeeting – специальное совещание
achairperson – глава, руководитель собрания, председатель собрания
deliberations - дискуссии
minutes – протокол собрания
general meetings – общее собрание
special or extraordinary meetings – экстренноесобрание
resolutions - решение
the number of votes – количествоголосов
assenting/dissenting parties – согласие/несогласиесторон
to muster – собрать, привлечь
tobindsomebody – быть обязательным для кого-либо
Useful language for meetings
Beginnings
There are three/several/a number of points I’d like to make.
I’d like to begin by…
Asking for an opinion
What’s your opinion of …?
What’s your position/view on …?
What do you think about …?
Giving an opinion
I believe/think/feel that …
In my opinion/view…
Expressing support
I’m in favour of…
This proposal has my full support.
Expressing opposition
I can see many problems in adopting this.
I am opposed to the …
Persuading
Have you taken into account …?
Wouldn’t you agree that …?
Agreeing
I agree entirely/completely.
I think we are in agreement on that.
Absolutely.
Agreeing partially
I would agree with you on that.
I agree with you on the whole, but…
Disagreeing
I agree up to the point, but…
To a certain extent I agree with you, but…
I’m sorry, but I really can’t agree with you on that.
With all due respect, I must disagree.
Emphasizing
I particularly want to emphasize/stress/highlight the fact that …
We must not underestimate/underrate the importance of …
Correcting misunderstandings
I’m afraid there seems to have a slight misunderstanding.
Perhaps I should make that clearer by saying …
Perhaps I did not explain myself very well …
Asking for clarification or further information
Could you be a little more specific/precise?
I’m sorry, but could you explain in a little more detail?
What do you mean by…?