- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Fill in the blanks. Translate into Russian:
- •3. Read and translate the text: The greenhouse effect
- •4. Speak on the greenhouse effect.
- •5. Translate into English:
- •The Modal Verbs and their equivalents
- •Grammar exercises
- •6. Read, translate and pay attention to the usage of modal verb can and its equivalent:
- •8. Read and translate, pay attention to the usage of modal verb may and its equivalent.
- •9. Read and translate, pay attention to the usage of modal verb must and its equivalent. Ask questions to the words in bold:
- •10. Read and translate. Which sentences express suggestion? Which sentences express strong obligation?:
- •11. Fill the gaps, using modal verbs must, should, need, have to, (to) be to, may, can. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the correct form:
- •13. Translate the sentences into English:
- •14. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •15. Translate the following derivative words:
- •17. Form nouns using suffixes –ment, -tion, -ion, -ation. Translate the following derivative words:
- •18. Form nouns using suffix –cy from the following adjectives. Translate the following derivative words:
- •19. Choose the correct translation of the following words:
- •20. Define to what parts of speech the following words belong, translate them:
- •21. Translate into Russian the following phrases:
- •22. Read and translate the text. There are three logical parts in it. Match the titles to these parts:
- •Galileo – father of the modern science
- •23. Find in the text equivalents to the following phrases:
- •24. Chose among the words in brackets the one that corresponds to the text above to complete the sentences:
- •25. Read the text once again. Make up questions to which the following words and word combinations are the answers.
- •26. Translate the sentences into English:
- •29. Read and translate the text “Emergence of Science”. Find in it answers to the given questions.
- •Emergence of science
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •30. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •31. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •32. Match a line in a with a line in b to make sentences.
Text and vocabulary exercises
30. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
основоположник химии; открыть истинную сущность горения и роли кислорода; очень мало знали об их составе; быть тесно связанной с; который превратил бы обычный, основной металл в золото; предполагая, что каким бы изменениям не подвергались вещества в эксперименте, масса никогда не теряется; существовать в трех состояниях; смесь газов; соединение газов; по праву сделал значительное продвижение; щепетильный экспериментатор; которые превалировали в то время; потрясающая проницательность; оба включают в себя кислород; виды окисления; согласно их свойствам; кислород вступает в реакцию с металлами и образует окиси.
31. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
alchemists searching for what they called ‘philosopher’s stone’; some arguments over who achieved what; who pulled it all together; gave us modern theory of combustion; but still underpins all experiments with matter even today; in the presence of unknown gas; a process called oxidation; rusting, rotting organic matter and burning wood; a method for naming chemicals; as shorthand for them.
32. Match a line in a with a line in b to make sentences.
|
A |
B |
|
1) Antoine Lavoisier established |
a) how and why things moved. |
|
2) Air has a mass and may be |
b) every substance can exist in three states – solid, liquid and gaseous. |
|
3) Lavoisier did a series of |
c) breathing, and they both involve oxygen. |
|
4) Scientists of the 18th century knew a lot about |
d) the idea of conservation of mass. |
|
5) Lavoisier realized that |
e) a mixture of gases (oxygen and nitrogen). |
|
6) Burning is closely related to |
f) experiments with the new gas and with air. |
33. Give a short summary of the text “Emergence of Science”.