Раздел 3 Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуй­те, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавны­ми буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В4—В10, так, чтобы они грамматически соответ­ствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответ­ствует отдельному заданию из группы В4—В10.

Inventions

В4 People usually invent things to make life easier. Household appliances, such as the vacuum cleaner, __________________________ housework.

REVOLUTIONIZE

В5 Most inventions develop from earlier ideas. For example, Albert Einstein _____________ anything, but made major scientific discoveries that led to countless inventions, such as nuclear energy, lasers and microchips.

NOT INVENT

В6 Sometimes a new invention is an improvement on an old one, such as the vacuum cleaner. But some inventions_______________________by accident.

MAKE

В7 Teflon, the non-stick coating used on saucepans,______________________the result of a mistake made by its inventor, scientist Roy Plunkett.

BE

В8 People have always had great ideas but haven't always had the materials or technology to make them happen. In the last 250 years the discovery of electricity, new chemical materials and advances in microbiology _____________________to an explosion of inventions.

LEAD

В9 A patent is a way for inventors _________________________ their ideas.

PROTECT

В10 The patent _____________the inventor the legal right, for a fixed period of time, to stop other people from making, using or selling the invention except with the inventor's permission.

GIVE

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобра­зуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные за­главными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В11—В16, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию тек­ста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному зада­нию из группы В11—В16.

Head For the Shade

В11 A suntan, so long thought to be healthy and__________, is, in fact, our body reaction to damage from over-exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

ATTRACT

В12 There is no such thing as a safe tan. The sun's ultraviolet radiation can cause sunburn, early ____________ and more permanent damage leading to skin cancer.

AGE

В13 Who is at risk? Everybody can be at risk of__________ skin cancer — men, women and children. Although skin colour is a major factor.

DEVELOP

В14 High risk: those with pale freckled skin, blue eyes, fair or red hair, who tend to burn easily.

Medium risk: those who have___________ hair or eyes, who tend to tan easily.

Low risk: those with black or brown skin, who virtually never burn.

DARK

B15 To protect yourself you should cover up. Wear loose fitting, _______ woven clothes as a physical barrier against the sun's rays.

TIGHT

В16 A wide-brimmed hat should also be worn to protect the ears, nose and neck. Avoid sun exposure between 11 a.m. and 3 a.m. as the sun is at its __________point then.

STRONG

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22—А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22—А28, в которых представлены воз­можные варианты ответов. Обведите номер вы­бранного вами варианта ответа.

A Flight to Sydney

The moment she had been А22 ______________had come at last. The loudspeakers in the waiting hall A23_____________ her flight. Gripping her handbag firmly, she made her way to the exit gate and out into the bright sun to the aircraft standing like some great silver bird. After А24______________her boarding card to the hostess, she climbed up the steps into the cabin and looked around her. The air was fresh and warm. Some passengers were getting comfortable in the A25 ___________________. A few of the passengers were trying to get some sleep, but most of them were reading. Above a door at the end of the passage she saw А26_____________: NO SMOKING. FASTEN SEAT BELTS.

She sat and heard the voice of the captain. "This is Captain Green А27_________________. Our estimated time of arrival in Sydney will be one a.m., so we've got a long flight A28_______ ________us. I hope you'll enjoy it. Our hostesses will be serving dinner shortly. Thank you."

А22 1) delaying 3) speaking

2) waiting for 4) leaving

А23 1) announced 3) made known

2) advertised 4) declared

А24 1) delivering 3) handing in

2) passing 4) presenting

А25 1) stools 3) seats

2) benches 4) chairs

А26 1) a message 3) an advice

2) an instruction 4) a notice

А27 1) speaking 3) telling

2) talking 4) saying

А28 1) in front of 3) behind

2) ahead of 4) above

По окончании выполнения заданий В4—В16, А22-А28 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! ОБРАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания В4—В16, А22 —А28 распола­гаются в разных частях бланка. При переносе отве­тов в заданиях В4—В16 буквы записываются без пробелов и знаков препинания.