Раздел 3 Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуй­те, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавны­ми буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В4—В10, так, чтобы они грамматически соответ­ствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответ­ствует отдельному заданию из группы В4—В10.

Snow

В4 Tiny crystals of ice that fall to Earth_________________snow. Snow is the result of a chain of events.

CALL

В5 It _________________its existence as water vapor, which is water in the form of gas.

START

В6 If a cloud_________cold enough, the water vapor freezes to form ice crystals. At temperatures between about — 40° C and 0° C, water vapor crystallizes around bits of dust in the cloud.

BE

В7 The crystals grow as more drops join the crystals already __________. These crystals are usually hexagonal, and many hexagonal crystals frozen together make a snowflake.

FORM

В8 The way that ice crystals join together _____________ every snowflake a unique design. Even so, most snowflakes have six points or six sides.

GIVE

В9 Snow greatly affects climates and living things. A cover of snow on the ground helps _______________ a climate cold. This happens because snow reflects, or bounces back, most of the Sun's heat.

KEEP

В10 However, a snow cover can also protect small plants from the effects of severe cold. When snow melts in the spring, it provides freshwater for people and animals. But if snow _________________ for years, it may form huge slabs of ice, called glaciers.

NOT MELT

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобра­зуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные за­главными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В11—В16, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию тек­ста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному зада­нию из группы В11—В16.

Caves

В11 A cave is a __________________ hollow space under the ground that has an opening large enough for a person to enter. Caves range in size from tiny passages to huge systems of connected "rooms" and tunnels. The world's longest cave system is Mammoth Cave, in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It is more than 560 kilometers long. Large caves are often called "caverns".

NATURE

В12 People have been using caves for a long time. Caves once offered shelter that was warm in winter and cool in summer. Caves were also easier to defend against human and animal enemies. Finding tools and bones and food in caves, _______________have been able to learn a great deal about our remote ancestors.

SCIENCE

B13 They can date the use of fire, of weapons, of utensils like clay pots. They have found ________________ paintings on cave walls. Some of these were paintings of people and animals made 27,000 years ago in the dark depths of caves.

REMARK

Bl4 Early humans often camped in the __________________of caves. All over the world there are caves that people used as a place to live in.

ENTER

B15 Caves are also used for recreation. There are many caves that people can visit without special equipment. Visitors to other caves need special equipment and lights. These caves require _____________________to be explored.

TRAIN

В16 Caves are the home of many __________________ animals. Some, such as bats, live in caves but come out at night to feed. Other cave-dwelling animals live their entire lives underground.

DIFFER

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22—А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22—А28, в которых представлены воз­можные варианты ответов. Обведите номер вы­бранного вами варианта ответа.

Love Feelings

For a moment he stopped outside the door to make А22____________he had come to the right place. Yes, there was the sign: FISHER'S RESTAURANT. He pushed open the swing-doors and stepped into the warm А23 ______________. The room was crowded with diners, and waitresses darted backwards and А24 ______________with trays of food. A quick А25 ____________around the room told him that his friend was already there and, A26 _______ ______ her with a wave of the hand, he made his way between the tables to where she was sitting. His heart melted when he saw her. She was a pleasant-looking woman with soft brown hair and dark-brown eyes. She was very A27______________really and he wanted to marry her. But he could not А28 ______________his feelings.

А22 1) decided 3) sure

2) satisfied 4) precise

А23 1) atmosphere 3) aura

2) wind 4) feeling

А24 1) on 3) towards

2) ahead 4) forwards

А25 1) glance 3) scan

2) view 4) glare

А26 1) nodding 3) meeting

2) greeting 4) receiving

А27 1) interesting 3) attractive

2) handsome 4) ugly

А28 1) declare 3) cope

2) pronounce 4) express

По окончании выполнения заданий В4—В16, А22-А28 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! ОБРАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания В4—В16, А22—А28 распола­гаются в разных частях бланка. При переносе отве­тов в заданиях В4—В16 буквы записываются без пробелов и знаков препинания.