2. Объяснение домашнего задания.

T: Our time is over and your homework is to learn 20-22 sentences by heart from this oral theme.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

The United Kingdom, officially named the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is an island nation and constitutional monarchy in north-western Europe. It consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, also known as Ulster, occupies the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland. The British Isles are separated from European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic ocean and the Irish Sea.

Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles. The Island of Great Britain has the length of 974 kilometers and the width of 531 kilometers. The total area of the United Kingdom is 242,000 square kilometers. Great Britain is one of the most densely populated countries in Europe. The population of the United Kingdom is more than 59 million people. The capital and the largest city is London.

Geographically the island of Great Britain is subdivided into 2 main regions: Lowland Britain and Highland Britain. Lowland Britain comprises southern and eastern England. Highland Britain consists of Scotland, most Wales, the Pennines the Lake District.

There are many rivers in Great Britain. They are the Severn (the longest and the most important) and the Thames (the deepest one).

The climate of the United Kingdom is mild. The mildness is an effect of the warm Gulf Stream. This current brings warm south-west winds that raise winter temperatures, lower summer temperatures and bring the cyclones with rains. The western side of the United Kingdom is warmer than the eastern; the south is warmer than the north. The average temperature in January is about 5 C above zero. July is the warmest month in the year. There is much rain and fog in autumn and in winter.

The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliament and the Queen as Head of State. The British Parliament consists of the sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. So, in law, the head of State is the Queen. In practice the country ruled by the elected government with the Prime Minister at the head.

Vocabulary

to occupy- занимать

officially- официально

constitutional monarchy- конституциональная монархия

to separate – отделять

the English Channel – пролив Ламанш

to wash- омывать

length- длина

width- широта

total area- общая площадь

to subdivide – подразделять

to comprise- вмещатью

current – течение

cyclone – циклон

sovereign- монарх

the House of Lords- палата Лордов

the House of Commons- палата Общин

in practice – на практике

to rule- править, управлять

in law- по закону

elected government – избираемое правительство

Questions:

1. How many countries does the United Kingdom of Great Britain consist of?

2. What are the British Isles separated from European continent?

3. What is the western coast of Great Britain washed by?

4. What is the total area of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?

5. What is the population of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?

6. What are the main regions of the island of Great Britain?

7. What is the deepest river of the UK?

8. Why is the climate of the United Kingdom mild? 9. What is the warmest month of the year in the UK?

10. Is there much or little rain and fog in the United Kingdom?

11.What does the British Parliament consist of?

Практическое занятие №10.

Тема занятия:

Reading practice: London.

Цели:

1) Практическая: Активизировать тематическую лексику в устной речи студентов в монологической форме в процессе развития иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции студентов.

2) Образовательная: Способствовать развитию навыков произношения, поискового чтения и расширению лексического словаря студентов.

3)Воспитательная: Способствовать формированию трудовых, эстетических качеств личности.

4)Развивающая: Способствовать созданию условий для развития конструктивного мышления, памяти, языковой догадки и формирования познавательного интереса к предмету.

Оборудование практического занятия: словари, учебник И.П. Агабекян, раздаточный материал.

План урока:

1)Проверка домашнего задания.

T: Good morning, students! First of all I’d like to check up your homework. You should learn by heart the oral theme United Kingdom. I’ll give 5 minutes to revise this material.

2) Чтение и перевод текста Лондон.

T: So and now open your books on page 73 and read the text London.

3) Вопросы к тексту.

T: And now answer the questions to the text on page 74.

4)Чтение текста «История Лондона».

T: Let’s learn about some interesting facts about London reading the following text. The title is History of London.

History of London.

The Romans were the first to settle and occupy the Celtic fortress of Londinium. Construction of bridge in 100 A.D. made London an important junction: it soon became a busy commercial and administrative settlement, and in the 2^nd century A.D. a wall was built round the city.

The Roman Empire fell in the 5^th century. London have maintained its trading activity. In the 9^th century Danish invaders destroyed much of the city. They were followed by the Saxons led by King Alfred the Great, who entered the city in 886. The Danes remained a powerful force in England, however, and it was not until the reign of Edward the Confessor, which began in 1042, that civic stability was re-established, to be cemented by the Norman Conquest in 1066.

William the conqueror centered his power at the Tower of London, and his White Tower is still the heart of this impressive monument.

The City soon united its economic power with political independence. Late in the 12^th century it elected its own Lord Mayor. From 1351 it elected its own council, and by the end of the 14^th century the reigning sovereign could not enter the City without permission.

In the reign of Elisabeth I there was the renaissance of arts with such great dramatists as Shakespeare , Marlowe, and Ben Jonson.

In 1665, London had been devastated first by the Great Plague, and then by the Fire of London, which destroyed most of the city the following day. During the reconstruction of the city, following the original street pattern, the architect Sir Christopher Wren was given responsibility for the design of a number of State-funded buildings, including St. Paul’s Cathedral.

The western part of London was developed under the Hanoverian Kings: great squares were laid out such as those of Grosvenor, Cavendish, Berkeley, and Hanover, and more bridges were built across the river. Public services were improved, such as the water supply and sewerage systems, and the streets were paved.

In the 19^th century London’s population began to rise still more rapidly: it increased sixfold over the century as a whole, thanks to influx from all over the British Isles, from Britain’s colonies, and from continental Europe. The Industrial Revolution was creating huge numbers of jobs, but never enough to satisfy the hopes of all the poor people who came to the capital. The novels of Charles Dickens tell us about the social problems of that period.

The First World War had little effect on London, but the Depression that followed in the late 1920s and early 1930s hit the whole country, including the capital. There were hunger marches and riots. London was to pay more dearly during World War II. The intensive bombing of London ( Blitz) in 1940-1941 took the lives of 10,000 people and left 17,000 injured. Countless historic buildings were damaged, including the Houses of Parliament.

After the war London was re-emerge as a radically different city. The docks had been so severely damaged that reconstruction , a very expensive process, was not reasonable. By the end of the 1950s most of the war damage had been repaired. New skyscrapers were built, out doing each other in height and spectacular design. The 30-storey Post Office Tower was built in 1965. It is 189 m high. Other significant post-war developments include the 183 m National Westminster Bank Building (1979); and Britain’s highest building, the 244 m Canary Wharf Tower on the Docklands site, near to a new City airport.