УТВЕРЖДАЮ           

Первый проректор СПГГИ (ТУ)

________ проф. Н. В. Пашкевич

«_____» ______________ 2007 г.

Тест к экзамену

По учебной дисциплине

«Английский язык»

для студентов II курса ФОПП

Вариант 03.1.1.07

Составители: доцент Михеев А.И.

ст. преп. Федорова С.В.

преп. Гринько А.В.

преп. Клименко Г.А.

преп. Тайнова Л.А.

доцент Перфилова М.А.

Санкт-Петербург

2007 г.

I. Блок чтения Text 1. Read the text. Choose the best alternatives 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or to answer the questions.

Photogrammetry

Photogrammetry is the art or science of making surveys or maps with the help of photograph. Metrical photogrammetry involves taking measurements of photographic images to determine distances, elevations, areas, and volumes. Interpretative photogrammetry involves recognizing objects from their photographic images and judging their significance. For example, in a forest damaged by disease, foresters can determine the extent of the damage to the trees by examining aerial photographs of the area.

Photogrammetrists begin their work by obtaining photographs of the area or objects to be measured. The photographs may be taken on the ground or from an aircraft or spacecraft. Photogrammetrists generally work with ordinary photographs. But they also use pictures produced by radar or other sensors, which measure features using wavelengths outside the visible range. Infrared sensors, which measure heat, are a type of remote sensor. Most photographs used in mapmaking are taken from an airplane by a special type of camera. The camera takes photographs of overlapping sections of the area to be mapped.

To obtain accurate measurements from aerial or other photographs, a photogrammetrist must correct any distortion in the pictures. In an aerial photograph, for example, a hill appears larger than a valley of equal area. Such distortion occurs because an airborne camera is closer to hilltops than to valleys. Photogrammetrists correct such errors with a device called stereoplotter. This device uses photographs of an area taken from two locations to create a three-dimensional image.

Photogrammetry started in 1840, when French physicist and astronomer Francois Arago demonstrated the use of photographs in surveying elevations and other surface features of land. In 1859, Aime Laussedat, a colonel in the French Army, announced the first successful use of photographs in surveying.

№	Вопросы	Варианты ответов
1.	Photogrammetry uses photographs for:
2.	What of the following is not determined by metrical photogrammetry?	1. distances 2. objects’ composition 3. elevations 4. areas 5. volumes
3.	What kind of photogrammetry involves recognizing objects from their photographic images and judging their significance?	1. analytical 2. interpretative 3. metrical 4. descriptive 5. distant
4.	The first stage of photogrammetry is:	1. creating a three-dimensional model 2. doing measurements 3. interpreting data 4. mapping 5. obtaining photographs of the area
5.	What do photogrammetrists work with?	1. radio signals 2. artistic pictures 3. ancient maps 4.various drawings 5. pictures produced by remote sensors
6.	Most photographs are taken	1. from an airplane 2. from a satellite 3. from a spacecraft 4. on the ground 5. no information is given in the text
7.	Which of the following is true?	1. The camera takes photographs of overlapping sections. 2.The camera takes photographs of adjacent sections. 3.The camera takes photographs of separated sections. 4. The camera takes many photographs of the same section which are overlapped 5. The camera takes photographs of sections some of which are overlapping.
8.	Why does the distortion occur?	1. the earth is round 2. the placement of the camera is not correct 3. the distance to some objects is shorter than to the others 4. the photogrammetrist made a mistake 5. the earth’s magnetic field influences the camera
9.	The stereoplotter is:	1. a specialist who creates three-dimensional images 2. a photogrammetrist who takes photographs from two or more locations 3. a device used to create three-dimensional images 4. a person who corrects errors caused by distortion 5. a device used to take photographs
10.	In what country was the first successful use of photographs in surveying made?	1. Great Britain 2. France 3. Germany 4. Spain 5. Italy

Text 2. Read the text. Choose the right heading for each paragraph:

11.	The legend of the Loch Ness goes back at least 1,500 years. The Romans found a carving by the ancient inhabitants of Scotland of a strange unidentified creature that may well have been a depiction of the monster. Modern legend, however, dates from 1933 when a local couple claimed they had seen an enormous animal. Speculation in the media was rife: supporters said the animal the couple saw might have been a leftover from the age of the dinosaurs, while others thought it was more likely to have been the effects of too much whisky.	1. A strange monster has been found. 2. The legends of the Loch Ness. 3. The media sensation. 4. The age of the dinosaurs. 5. Romans’ discovery.
12.	Actor, film director and hunter Marmaduke Wetherell ‘found’ fresh footprints which, he claimed could only have been made by a creature over 20 feet in length. Less excitable people said that surely such a large creature would have been spotted by local people before: it could hardly have grown to such a size unnoticed. Sure enough, museum zoologists explained that the footprints were those of a hippo – maybe those of a stuffed hippo’s foot.	1. Local people claim sightings. 2. The footprints proved the legend. 3. Wetherell’s footprints. 4. A large hippo’s foot. 5. An enormous unidentified creature.
13.	Meanwhile, other more sober, level-headed people continued to claim sightings. Surely they couldn’t all be wrong? Sceptical scientists said that the indistinct impressions of the monster gained by such people were most likely optical illusions. They might be floating logs or swimming deer. Other, less sceptical scientists pointed out: this ought to be possible for science to settle the issue one way or the other.	1. The swimming deer were illusions. 2. Indistinct impressions. 3. Sober people’s discovery. 4. Scientists’ view of the issue. 5. Scientists face the truth.