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I. Washington

Washington, the capital of the United States, is situated on the Potomac River in the District of Columbia (Колумбия округи).

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The district is a piece of land ten miles square and it does not belong to any states (миль-1609 метр). The district is named in the honour of Columbus, the discoverer of America (Колумб шарафига).

The capital owes very much to the first President of the United States, George Washington (қарздор). Washington chose the place for the District and laid in 1790 the stone of the Capitol, Congress sits there (acoc солинган).

Washington is not the largest city in the United States, it is not as large as New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit or Los Angeles. It has a population of 900. 000 people. Its area is 200 square kilometres.

Washington is a one-industrial town. It does not produce anything, except very much scrap-paper (қоғоз мокулатураси). Every day twenty-five railway cars leave Washington loaded wish scrap-paper (ортиб кетади).

Washington has many historical places. The largest and tallest among the buildings is the Capitol with its great Hall of Representatives and Senate Chamber (вакиллар ва сенат палатаси).

There are no sky-scrapers in Washington because no other building must be taller than the Capitol (Капитолия).

The White House is the President's residence. All American presidents except George Washington (The White House was not yet built in his time) had lived in the White House. It was built in 1799. It is a two-storied white building. In 1814 during the war with England, the White House was burnt down (ёнди). After the war the remains of the building were white washed (қолган қисми). Since that time the residence of the American presidents has been always painted white.

Washington Monument is not far from the Capitol. It looks like a very big pencil, rises 160 metres.

A special lift brings visitors to the top in 70 seconds (тепага). From the top you can enjoy a view of the city (There is a White House, the President's residence there too). The Jefferson II Memorial was built in the memory of the third President of the USA (мемориали). Thomas Jefferson was the author of the Declaration of Independence (мустақиллик декларацияси). The Memorial is surrounded by cherry trees.

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The Lincoln Memorial is devoted to the memory of the sixteenth (бағишланган) President of the United States, the author of the Emancipation Proclamation (озодлик прокламацияси). It gave freedom to coloured slaves in America.

On the other bank of the Potomac the Arlington National Cemetery lies. (Арлингтон миллий қабристони). There President Kennedy was buried (дафн қилинган). American soldiers, officers who died in World Wars I - II and in the Vietnam war are buried there too, but coloured soldiers, officers were buried in another place.

70 per cent of the population of Washington are coloured. The coloured people do not live in the central parts of the city, they live in the coloured ghettoes (геттолар-яшайдиган жой). They are outside the centre (Марказдан ташқарида).

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