5. Replace all the words or phrases in italic with suitable synonyms.

1. Symfony Components implement common features needed to develop websites.

2. FedStats provides easy access to statistics and information produced by more than 100 U.S. Federal Government agencies.

3. Of course the spree killer was a CounterStrike gamer and a lot of politicans are now calling for a total prohibition of 'killer' computer games.

4. These games aren't just for fun. They're designed to teach kids how to concentrate.

5. Some components may retain high voltages even after the printer is turned off.

G. Tables and Figures

! At times, it may be permissible and appropriate to insert tables, figures and other graphics in your essay. These graphics may have been copied, adapted from sources of information or may be from your own research. They need to be relevant, correctly labelled and referenced—unless they are entirely your own work. It is important that tables and figures are used purposefully (i.e. with good reason) and referenced correctly.

NB! DO NOT:

• restructure data from an information source into another format (e.g. a graph, a flowchart) without referencing the author of your information. You may structure the graph, but the author still 'owns' the research!

• just 'plonk' a table or figure into your writing. You need to refer to its existence and relevance to your argument in the preceding text.

• give extensive descriptions in your writing of the contents of a table or diagram. The information in a table or diagram tells its own story—it's your job to point out its significance to your argument.

6. Below are illustrations of some of the main types of visuals used in academic texts. Match the uses (a-f) to the types (1-6) and the examples (a-f) in the box below.

Uses

a) location b) comparison c) proportion d) function e) changes in time f) statistical display

Types	Uses	Example
1. diagram (scheme)
2. table
3. map
4. pie chart
5. bar chart
6. line graph

A.		B.		C.
D.		E.		F.

! Although visuals do largely speak for themselves, it is usual to help the reader interpret them by briefly commenting on their main features using the language of change.

Verb	Verb		Adjective + Noun
grow	fall (to)/ decline (to)		a slight drop
raise/rise (to)	drop (to)		a gradual fall
increase (to)	decrease (to)/reduce (to)		a sharp decrease
climb (to)	collapse		a dramatic growth
step up	cut		a huge boom
expand	go down (to)/fall (to)		a steep increase
improve	break		a substantial climb
shoot up/soar	push down		a considerable change
peak (at)	bottom out		a significant reduction
boom	dip (to)		a marked change
Adverbs		a moderate reduction
substantially	slightly		a minimal growth
considerably	gradually		Verb
significantly	steadily		maintain the same level
markedly	sharply		stay at
moderately	dramatically		keep
minimally	hugely		reach a peak
swiftly	rapidly		remain stable
quickly	slowly		be constant
suddenly			level off/out