- •Part I Text 1.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Find the equivalents for these Ukrainian words / phrases in the text. Check your answers with your partner.
- •Do you agree with the following statements? Discuss your answers with your partners.
- •Put the verb into the correct tense form (Simple Tenses).
- •Make up a story of your own to agree or disagree with one of the English proverbs. Try to find the Ukrainian equivalents to them.
- •Text 2.
- •Study the following information:
- •Read the text and answer the following questions:
- •Match the design vocabulary with the definitions.
- •Complete the table:
- •Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 4. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Put different types of questions to the sentences from Exercise 5.
- •Text 3.
- •Read the text and answer these questions:
- •Some designers are discussing the constraints they work under. Read their comments and match them to the constraints:
- •Find one adjective in each group and make up sentences with them:
- •Put adjectives into the correct form (Degrees of Comparison).
- •Make up a story of your own to agree or disagree with one of the English proverbs. Try to find the Ukrainian equivalents to them:
- •Text 4.
- •Put the verb into the correct tense form (Simple or Continuous Tenses).
- •Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •Make sure that you know how to pronounce and translate these terms:
- •Complete the text. (Degrees of Comparison) Translate it into Ukrainian.
- •Put the various means of transportation listed below into the categories in the table. You can also add your own examples.
- •Work in small groups to have the following meeting:
- •I think the …… is a big plus point. I can see problems with ……
- •Styles in current use
- •Text 6.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Find seven sentences with The Passive Voice in the Text 6.
- •Put the verb into the right tense form in Passive.
- •Look through the adjectives used to describe cars. Add some more. Use them to write short descriptions of some well-known brands.
- •Text 7.
- •Complete these sentences with the information from the text:
- •Make sure that you know these terms:
- •Complete the sentences with the following words (exterior design):
- •Complete the sentences with the following words (interior design):
- •Fill the correct prepositions in.
- •Text 8.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Fill in the blanks with words from the list and translate the sentences:
- •Read and translate this extract in written form.
- •Put the verb into the correct tense form (Past Simple or Present Perfect)
- •Read the text and fill each gap with one of these words:
- •Translate the following words and word combinations into Ukrainian:
- •Choose the correct word:
- •Choose the correct Modal Verb: can, could, to be able to, may, might, to be allowed to, must, have to, to be to, needn’t or should.
- •Comment on the following proverbs. Find the Ukrainian equivalents to them. Make up a situation based on one of them.
- •Text 10.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Are the following statements true or false?
- •Translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Find and underline Participle I, state its function:
- •Translate these sentences into Ukrainian. Find and underline Participle II, state its function:
- •Here are some facts about cars and their past. Read them and be ready to discuss.
- •Text 11.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Make sure that you know how to pronounce and translate these terms:
- •Match the words with their definitions:
- •Write an essay called “The car: dream machine or nightmare”. It should have the following structure:
- •Text 12.
- •Make up questions with the following cues and answer them.
- •Complete the table with the information needed:
- •Translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Pay attention to the Infinitive used.
- •Are the following statements true (t) or false (f)?
- •Choose the correct modal verb and translate these sentences:
- •Read the story and discuss it:
- •Write a letter accepting the invitation to The Show of Old Cars and ask for details regarding the location, time and weather you can bring any guests with you. Text 14.
- •Complete these sentences with the information from the text:
- •Make sure that you know how to pronounce and translate these terms:
- •Translate these sentences. Find the Gerund in them.
- •Text 15.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Make sure that you know how to pronounce and translate these terms:
- •Complete the multiple choice test:
- •Translate these sentences. Find the Gerund in them.
- •Read and discuss the following famous words:
- •Text 16.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Make sure that you know how to pronounce and translate these word combinations:
- •Find in these sentences the forms of the verb with the ending -ing. State whether this form is Gerund or Participle. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Complete these sentences with the information from the text:
- •Translate the following words and combinations and learn them:
- •Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the Imperative Mood.
- •Are the following statements true (t) or false (f):
- •Make sure that you know how to pronounce and translate these word combinations:
- •Translate these sentences. Find the Infinitive in them.
- •Text 19.
- •Complete these sentences with the information from the text:
- •Make sure that you know how to pronounce and translate these words and word combinations:
- •Text 20.
- •Answer these questions:
- •The following adjectives are often used to describe designs. Work with your partner to check that you understand them all.
- •Complete the word families in the table below. Check your answers with your partner.
- •Make up 5 questions of different types using the words from the table. Ask your partner.
- •Discuss the following famous words:
- •Text 21.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Translate this extract in written form:
- •Can you compare the following body styles?
- •Work with your partner. Choose one of the problems below or your own problem. Solve it using the five steps. Make notes.
- •Text 22.
- •Complete the text (a tour of a car factory) with the following words:
- •Complete the table:
- •Now complete the sentences with the correct form of word from the table:
- •Read and translate this extract:
- •Study the following information:
- •Text 23.
- •Complete the sentences with the information from the text above.
- •Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Match the expressions above with the following definitions:
- •Answer these questions:
- •Complete the sentences about materials and their properties with words from the box:
- •What car parts are made of what materials? Pay attention to glass, leather, plastic, rubber, steel, textile, wood and others.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Complete the table:
- •Read “The Mini Story”. Which three paragraphs are from the same article and which one is from a fashion magazine? Put the paragraphs from the article in the correct order.
- •Answer these questions:
- •Read and discuss the following passage. What do you know about traffic rules of our country? Do you obey them?
Put the verb into the correct tense form (Simple or Continuous Tenses).
When I …… (to see) a loaded boat, it …… (to move) in the direction of the port and the manager …… (to be) there to meet it.
The car …… (to move) at full speed when the policeman …… (to stop) it.
Don’t bother him! He …… (to work) on the design of a new motor car.
Stoppage of fuel supply …… (to cause) serious trouble in the engine last night, so I …… (to go) to the filling station.
As for me, I …… (to want) to solve the main problems of form and engineering of a car, so I …… (to enter) this university and ……(to choose) this profession.
My parents usually …… (to go) to work by bus, but now my elder brother …… (to drive) them there. They …… (to feel) very angry as the traffic …… (to move / hardly).
Designers and engineers usually …… (to work) together to identify and fulfill needs, wants and expectations of the buyer.
There …… (to be) a traffic jam in the street at the moment. Many people …… (to try) to get to their work. They all …… (to work) in the city but few of them …… (to live) there.
While my father …… (to repair) his car last morning, my brother and I …… (to improve) the interior of it. Everybody …… (to like) our work.
As far as I know, the top designer of our company …… (to deliver) a lecture about the connections between product and the user at 4p.m. tomorrow. Will you join me there?
How has transport changed in the last 100 years? If you could live at any time of history when would it be and why? Exchange your thoughts with your friends. Have you ever travelled by ship / plane / train? Tell the group mates about your experience. What kind of transport do you consider to be the best and why? What problems might a person have while travelling?
Text 5.
CAR BODY STYLE AND WORK
Cars can come in a large variety of different body styles. Some are still in production, while others are of historical interest only. These styles are largely independent of a car’s classification in terms of price, size and intended broad market; the same car model might be available in multiple body styles (model ranges). For some of the following terms, especially relating to four-wheel drive / SUV models and minivan / MPV models, the distinction between body style and classification is particularly narrow.
In automotive engineering, the bodywork of an automobile is the structure which protects: the occupants, any other payload, and the mechanical components. In vehicles with a separate frame or chassis, the term bodywork is normally applied to only the non-structural panels, including doors and other movable panels, but it may also be used more generally to include the structural components which support the mechanical components.
The first automobiles were designs adapted in large part from horse-drawn carriages and had body-on-frame construction with a wooden frame and wooden or metal body panels. Wooden-framed motor vehicles remained in production until the middle of the 20th century. A steel chassis or ladder frame replaced the wooden one. This form of body-on-frame construction is still common for commercial vehicles.
Monocoque or unibody is a construction, in which the chassis is part of an integrated with the metal body. It provides support to all the mechanical components, as well as protection for the vehicle occupants. Although there is no separate complete frame or chassis, many monocoque/unibody designs now often include sub frames. Steel monocoque construction is the most common form of car bodywork, although aluminum and carbon fiber may also be used. Modern cars may also use polycarbonates.
Less common types include tube frame and space frame designs used for high-performance cars. There have also been various hybrids (Volkswagen Beetle had a chassis, consisting of the floor pan, door sills and central tunnel). Non-structural body panels have been made of wood, steel, aluminum, fiberglass and several more exotic materials.
There are several common car body styles:
ENCLOSED: |
OPEN or PARTLY ENCLOSED: |
Sedan, known as a Saloon |
Roadster |
Hardtop |
Convertible |
Coupe |
Cabriolet |
Limousine |
|
REAR DOOR DESIGNS: |
OTHER: |
Station wagon or Estate car
|
Sport utility vehicle (SUV), also known as a Coupe Utility or Ute |
Hatchback |
|
Lift back |
|