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V. Fill in the words from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.

disease-causing, throughout, minor, life-threatening, highly, lifeless, electron

  1. microorganisms

  2. particle

  3. infections

  4. disorders

  5. contagious

  6. the world

  7. microscopes

VI. Read the text and put each sentence into the correct place.

Some pathogens can survive for long periods on nonliving objects. Insects spread some of the most fatal infectious diseases. Many common infectious diseases spread as a result of close contact with a sick person.

How Infectious Diseases Spread

Infectious diseases can spread in three chief ways. They spread (1) by people, (2) by animals, and (3) by nonliving sources.

1) …………………………….. Such contact frequently takes place through coughing or sneezing, which expels tiny droplets of moisture that may contain pathogens. Diseases that spread largely through coughing and sneezing include colds, influenza, measles, mumps, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and whooping cough.

2) Fleas, mosquitoes, and other insects that feed on blood transmit many serious diseases. Mos- quitoes transmit encephalitis, malaria, and yellow fever in this way. In the same manner, fleas spread plague, and lice carry typhus.

3) …………………………….. These microorganisms can be transmitted by clothing, bedding, silverware, and other objects handled by sick people. Certain bacterial infections sometimes spread to hospital patients through contact with such contaminated objects.

Lead-in

I. The suffixes -en, -ify, -ize combine with nouns and adjectives to form verbs. Look at the following lists of adjectives and nouns. Put the corresponding verb in the space provided. The first one in each list has been done for you.

Adjective→

Verb

Noun→

Verb

hard

harden

sign

signify

stabile

hospital

Sick

class

intense

specialty

deaf

agony

Fat

quality

sterile

heart

II. The following suffixes combine with verbs to form adjectives.

-ed

-ful

-he

-ant

Look at the words printed in bold and put the appropriate adjective in the space provided. The first one has been done for you.

1. A sunscreen provides a ...protective.... layer against the sun's harmful rays.

protect

2. The accident left him permanently ....

paralyse

3. He was finding it ... to breathe.

pain

4. ... drugs make your body processes slower.

depress

5. The ... soldiers were provided with medical care in hospital.

wound

6. Tobacco is highly ....

addict

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