- •Практикум
- •Введение
- •Желаем успехов в учебе!
- •Unit 1. Flu and common cold.
- •Flu vs. Common Cold
- •1. Complete the sentences.
- •2. The text contains information about the difference between flu and common cold. Fill in the table using the information from the text. If any information is not available from the text, put “—“.
- •3. Using the information you have collected in the table, compare flu and common cold. Use both… and, unlike, as…as, not so (as)… as.
- •5. Make your dialogues between
- •6. Give your advice to people on preventing flu. Use the information in the texts. Try to avoid specific medical terms.
- •1. The article describes the cases of 4 loud music fans. Decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the false ones.
- •2. Extract information from the article and fill in the table. If any information is not available from the article, put “—“.
- •3. You are the patient. Think of 5-7 questions you might ask your doctor about the condition. Be especially interested in the risk factors, prognosis and possible complications.
- •4. Now you are the doctor. Read the passage and explain
- •6. Now read a passage about asthma relievers (препараты для облегчения симптомов). What is the difference between preventers and relievers?
- •1. Does the article say that…
- •2. Ask your questions.
- •3. Use the article to write about the bp gene research. Write about:
- •4. Read the passage and answer the questions: How is hypertension formally diagnosed in the uk? Why is “ambulatory” bp monitoring advised?
- •4. Explain to your patient the necessity of knowing their blood pressure. Tell them how high blood pressure can cause developing other diseases. Try to avoid a lot of specific medical terms.
- •2. Complete the sentences.
- •Heart attack test 'detects more'
- •1. Answer the questions about myocardial infarction.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •6. Read the passage and answer the questions: Is viral gastroenteritis a serious illness? Who is at risk? Why?
- •1. Decide if the statement are true (t) or false (f). Correct the false ones.
- •1. Choose the statements that are false. Correct them.
- •2. The text presents the symptoms of hepatitis c. Match the symptoms with their meanings.
- •3. Complete the sentences:
- •4. Read the passage about the causes of hepatitis c and fill in the gaps with the verbs in the box.
- •5. Use the text in Task 4 to ask questions your patient might ask about the causes of hepatitis c and ways of transmitting the virus.
- •6. Talk to your patient about ways of preventing hepatitis c and its complications. Try to avoid specific medical terms.
- •1. Extract the necessary information from the article and fill in the table. If any information is not available, put “—“.
- •2. Answer the questions about the research project described in the article.
- •3. Summarize the information about the new vaccine project and present it to the class.
- •4. One of the big problems in treating bacterial infections is drug resistance. Read the passage about this phenomenon and fill in the gaps with the words in the box.
- •5. Using the information in the passage, ask 5-7 questions that a patient might ask about tb treatment.
- •6. Make a dialogue between a doctor and a patient in which the doctor will answer the patient’s questions about the details of tb treatment.
- •1. The article describes an experiment in which a group of patients were offered a diet to return insulin production to normal. Does the article suggest that…
- •2. A) Summarize the information about the experiment in the table below.
- •3. What do different researchers think about the experiment? Fill in the table. If any information is not available from the article, put “—“.
- •4. The article deals with Type 2 diabetes. Now read the passage about Type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes and say 1) what the three types have in common, 2) what makes them different.
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the words in the box. Then, answer the questions: What methods of giving insulin to patients are there? Which method is the least efficient? Which method doesn’t work?
- •5. Make up dialogues. You suspect diabetes in your patient. Before doing a blood test ask him/her questions to find out the symptoms and details of the lifestyle:
- •Глоссарий 1. Актуальные глаголы подъязыка медицины.
6. Now read a passage about asthma relievers (препараты для облегчения симптомов). What is the difference between preventers and relievers?
Relievers are drugs that relax and open up the airways making it easier to breathe. These are prescribed for the relief of asthma symptoms during an actual asthma attack, and before exercise or activity to reduce the risk of an attack. Because these drugs do not reduce swelling and inflammation of airways, you may also need to take a preventer. Some relievers remove symptoms almost instantly (rescue relievers). Others have a longer lasting action (long-lasting relievers).
Side effects are usually mild and pass away quickly. The main ones are a slightly increased heartbeat, and muscle trembling, especially in the hands. Some oral relievers may cause dry mouth, blurred vision, difficulties passing urine, or constipation.
UNIT 4. HYPERTENSION.
Read the article and do the tasks below.
While reading, find the words and expressions that mean the following:
1) повышенное артериальное давление; 2) по сравнению с; 3) инсульт; 4) почечная недостаточность; 4) многочисленные факторы; 5) быть склонным к; 6) определить; 7) вероятно; 8) недостаток физической нагрузки; 9) передавать (о генах, наследственности); 10) свидетельства, данные (полученные в результате исследования).
'Blood pressure gene' affects 20%.
The STK39 gene variant was found after scanning the genetic code of 350 people in the US and Europe. People with the variant had raised blood pressure (BP) compared with those carrying other versions.
High BP, also called hypertension, is important because, over time, it can increase the chances of heart problems, strokes and kidney failure. According to statistics, one in four people living in western countries has high BP, often undiagnosed.
When scientists linked variants of the STK39 gene to high BP, they realized that the gene produced a protein which controlled how the kidneys processed salt - a key factor in changing BP.
Dr Chang, one of the researchers, said: "This discovery will help us to individualize treatments - what we call personalized medicine." However, he added: "Hypertension is a very complex condition, with numerous genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors involved. The STK39 gene is only one important piece of the puzzle."
Mike Rich from the BP Association said: "The study may help us identify those individuals who may be more prone to hypertension. However, there are already indicators which can help us determine who is more likely to develop the condition, such as a family history of hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and poor diet and lack of exercise. The things you learn from your parents in terms of lifestyle and habits will probably have as much effect on your chances of developing hypertension as the genes they pass down to you."
Professor Mark Caulfield said the evidence pointed towards many different genes each having a small effect on BP.
1. Does the article say that…
high BP increases the risk of developing other diseases?
the STK39 gene variant is the only factor responsible for hypertension?
there are a lot of people who do not even suspect (подозревают) they have hypertension?
the function of the kidneys can affect BP?
BP does not depend on your diet?
the genes your parents pass down to you can influence your BP?
high BP can only cause cardio-vascular diseases?