Text a pharmaceutical service in russia

Before the revolution some chemical and pharmaceutical factories in Russia hardly provide the country with necessary medicinal preparations. Most medicines were imported as a rule with a very high cost .Russian private chemist’s shops concentrated in towns couldn’t supply the population of rural and outlying districts with medicines they needed.

There were no special educational institutions in Russia for training qualified pharmacists. Only some universities in the country with special courses trained about 30- 40 pharmacists a year. But nowadays the future specialists acquire deep knowledge of pharmacy in three pharmaceutical Institutes and many departments.

Lately the pharmaceutical industry of Russia has been undergoing certain changes . A network of pharmaceutical plants is becoming wider. The amount of pharmaceutical factories is increasing considerably. Many chemist’s shops and chemist’s stalls (including private ones) provide the population with all the necessary. things .They function not only in towns but in outlying districts as well. All chemist’s shops and chemist’s institutions belong to the system of the Ministry of the Public Health Services and Medical Industry of the Russian Federation.

The Public Health Services are mostly financed by the state or regional budgets. About 20 special research institutes and laboratories together with medical and pharmaceutical higher schools work at the creation of new medicinal preparations. The state system of control is responsible for the effectiveness and harmlessness of the drugs produced in Russia. Medicines imported from France, Italy, Holland, Austria, USA are also subjected to control by regional chemist’s analytical laboratories.

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Exercises

Ex. 1. Complete the following sentences:

1. Before the revolution a small number of chemical and pharmaceutical factories could not . . . 2. Private chemist’s shops in Russia were concentrated. . . and the population of rural and outlying districts. . . 3. There is a wide network of . . . not only in towns but also in outlying districts as well. 4. All chemist’s shops and chemist’s institutions are included into . . . 5. The Public Health Services embrace the entire population both in town and in the country and are mostly financed by . . . 6. . . . work at the creation of new medicinal preparations. 7. Many medicines are imported from. . . . 8. They are . . . by regional chemist’s analytical laboratories. 9. The effectiveness and harmlessness of the drugs produced in Russia is provided by . . . .

Ex. 2. Express the following in English:

1. В России прошлого века малое количество химических и фармацевтических заводов не могло обеспечить страну необходимыми лекарственными препаратами. 2. Стоимость лекарственных препаратов была очень высокой. 3. В прошлом веке не было специальных образовательных учреждений для обучения фармацевтов. 4. Фармацевтическая промышленность России высоко развита. 5. Широкая сеть фармацевтических заводов, аптек и киосков охватывает не только города, но и отдаленные районы. 6. Многочисленные фармацевтические фабрики и аптеки удовлетворяют потребности населения в лекарственных препаратах. 7. Многие научно-исследовательские институты работают над созданием новых лекарственных препаратов.

Ex. 3. Look through the text and state what it has to say on the following points: 1)problems connected with medicinal preparations in Russia before the revolution ;

2)pharmaceutical institutes and departments nowadays ;

3)pharmaceutical industry of Russia ;

4)systems of control over medicinal preparations ;

Ex. 4. Answer the following questions:

1) Were there any pharmaceutical factories in Russia last century?

2) Could the pharmaceutical industry of Russia before the revolution provide the country with necessary medicines?

3) Where did Russia get necessary medicines?

4) Were the rural and outlying districts provided with medicines?

5). Were there any special institutions for training specialists in pharmacy?

6). Where were pharmacists trained in Russia ?

7). Has Russia a highly developed pharmaceutical industry and pharmaceutical service?

8). Is there a wide network of chemist’s shops and pharmaceutical plants in Russia ?

9) Do the Public Health Services embrace the entire population of the country?

10). How many higher schools train specialists in pharmacy in our country?

11). How are medicines controlled in our country?