- •Хакасский государственный университет
- •Part II Texts for Supplementary Reading
- •Предисловие
- •The main parts of the computer
- •Using a mouse
- •Lesson 2
- •Word-building (словообразование) (1)
- •Keyboard
- •Windows program keyboard shortcuts
- •Lesson 3
- •Buses and interfaces
- •Word-building (2)
- •Lesson 4
- •Structure (phrases)
- •A) “hardware”
- •B) “data”
- •Lesson 5
- •What is a microprocessor?
- •Pentium, pentium pro, pentium II and pentium III
- •Lesson 6
- •Word-building (3)
- •Lesson 7
- •General dram concepts
- •Structure ( 2)
- •Lesson 8
- •Storage media
- •Word-building (4)
- •Incompatible, unrecoverable, unavailable, unusable, unsuitable, non-removable, non-contiguous, non-volatile.
- •Structure (3)
- •Lesson 9
- •«Ware» terms
- •Section II. Software lesson 10
- •Structure (4) Ex.2 a) Read the sentences and analyze their structure:
- •Programming language generations
- •Lesson 11
- •Word-building (5)
- •What is object-oriented software?
- •Inheritance
- •Object-oriented languages
- •Lesson 12
- •General operating system concepts
- •Wysiwyg – structure (5)
- •Imperative sentences (commands and instructions) :
- •Starting and quitting windows nt
- •2.Using the desktop
- •Ex.5 Translate into English:
- •Ex.6 Say a few words about:
- •Revision (sructure)
- •Lesson 14
- •Ex.3 Translate into English:
- •Config.Sys commands
- •Ex.6 Agree or disagree:
- •Lesson 15
- •Ex.1 Translate the following technologies into Russian:
- •Ex.2 a) Read and translate into Russian:
- •Ex.5 Read and translate into Russian: operating system overview
- •Operating systems and file systems
- •Lesson 16
- •General database concepts
- •Ex.4 Choose the right synonym to the word ‘query’: a) requirement; b) retrieval; c) request.
- •Section III. Networking lesson 17
- •What is a network?
- •How are networks categorized?
- •How does p2p work?
- •Information transmission media
- •Lesson 18
- •Computing network components
- •Ex.10 Read and translate into Russian:
- •Ex.11 Translate into English:
- •Lesson 19
- •The internet
- •Internet protocols
- •Surfing The Net. By Shirley.
- •Lesson 20
- •Basic security and licensing terms
- •How bytes and bits work
- •System case
- •How pci works
- •Motherboard and system devices
- •Graphics adapter
- •How it works
- •System cache
- •Ethernet
- •Traditional ethernet
- •Fast ethernet
- •Gigabit ethernet
- •How a computer virus works
- •General virus types
- •All maliicous codes aren’t viruses
- •Intel software license agreement (Final, Single User) (abstract)
- •Glossary
- •Defragment
- •Device Driver
- •Formatting
- •Operating system
- •Plug-n-Play
- •Program
- •Vesa Local Bus
- •Virtual Memory
- •It Crossword Puzzle
- •Answer keys
- •It Crossword Puzzle
- •List of acronyms and abbreviations
- •1. Terms used in computer field
- •2. Basic abbreviations used in scientific field
- •3.Irregular verbs
- •Bibliography Основная литература
- •Справочная литература
Lesson 8
Text. Storage Media.
Word-building. The il-, in-, un-, non-, mis-, dis- prefixes.
Structure. Simple Tenses in the Active Voice.
Ex.1 Read and memorize the following abbreviation:
MFM (Modified Frequency [´fri:kwƏnsı] Modulation) – модифицированная частотная модуляция
RLL (Run Length [leŋθ] Limited) – запись с ограниченной длиной отрезка
IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) – интегрированная дисковая электроника
ESDI (Enhanced [ın´ha:nst] Small Device Interface) - улучшенный интерфейс малых устройств
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) - интерфейс малых компьютерных систем
PIO(ProcessorInput/Output) - режим передачи данных через ЦП, программный ввод/вывод
DMA (Direct Memory Access) – прямой доступ к памяти
CLV (Constant Linear [´lınıƏ] Velocity [vı´lƆs(ı)tı]) – постоянная линейная скорость
DVD (Digital Versatile [´vƏ:sƏtaıl] Disk) - цифровой универсальный диск
Ex. 2 Translate into English:
скорость, частота, универсальный, прямой, улучшенный, встроенный, постоянный, цифровой, линейный, доступ, ограниченный, длина, модифицированный, модуляция.
Ex.3 Read and memorize the following words:
amount [Ə´maunt] - количество
record [rı´kɔ:d] - записывать (but: -[´rekɔ:d] -запись)
concentric [kƏn´sentrık] - концентрический
track [træk] - дорожка
(to) spin [spın] - вращаться
(to) measure [´meʒƏ] - измерять
cylinder [´sılındƏ] - цилиндр
although [ɔ:l´ðƏu] - хотя
map [mæp] – карта, план, схема - наносить на карту; отображение, соответствие - отображать, устанавливать соответствие, преобразовывать
capacity [kƏ´pæsıtı] - емкость, производительность
enough [ı´nʌf] - достаточно
backup [´bæk´ʌp] – резервировать, копировать, поддерживать
portable [´pƆ:t(Ə)bl] - мобильный, портативный
archive [´a:kaıv] - архив, архивировать
laser [´leızƏ] – лазер
equivalent [ı´kwıvƏlƏnt] - эквивалент
(to) overwrite [ƏuvƏ´raıt] - перезаписывть
(to) achieve [Ə´ʧi:v] - достигать
magnetic [mæɡ´netıc] – магнитный (but: - magnet [´mæɡnıt], maɡneto [mæɡ´nı:tƏu])
primarily [´praımƏrılı] – первоначально
actually [´ækʧuƏlı]- дествительно
erase [ı´reız] – удалять, уничтожать
trademark [´treıdma:k]– торговая марка
means [mi:nz] – средство(а) (but: to mean – значить, meaning – значение)
entire [ın´taıƏ] – весь, полный
Ex.4 Read and translate into Russian:
Storage media
1.A hard disk is a unit that stores and provides access to large amounts of data. Today's computers typically come with a hard disk that contains several gigabytes of storage.
A hard disk is a set of "disks," each of which has data recorded electromagnetically in concentric circles or "tracks" on the disk. A "head" records (writes) or reads the information on the tracks. Two heads, one on each side of a disk, read or write the data as the disk spins. Disk access time is measured in milliseconds. Although the physical location can be identified with cylinder, track, and sector locations, these are actually mapped to a logical block address that works with the larger address range on today's hard disks.
2.CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read only Memory) is a storage medium with a high capacity. It uses laser optics instead of magnetic means for reading data. The computer can read data from these disks, but cannot write data to the disks.
3.DVD (digital versatile disk) is an optical disk technology that quickly replaces the CD-ROM disk over the next few years. The digital versatile disk (DVD) holds 4.7 gigabyte of information on one of its two sides, or enough for a 133-minute movie. With two layers on each of its two sides, it will hold up to 17 gigabytes of video, audio, or other information.
4.The magneto-optical (MO) diskette/disk drive is a way to backup files on a personal computer. MO device uses both magnetic and optical technologies to get ultra-high data density. A typical MO cartridge is a bit larger than a 3.5-inch magnetic diskette. But if the older type of magnetic diskette can store 1.44 megabytes (MB) of data, an MO diskette can store many times that amount, ranging from 100 MB up to several gigabytes (GB).An MO system achieves its high data density by using a laser and a magnetic read/write head in combination. Both the laser and the magnet are used to write data onto the diskette. Data can be erased and/or overwritten an unlimited number of times, as with a 3.5-inch diskette.
5 . A Zip drive is a small, portable disk drive used primarily for backing up and archiving personal computer files. The trademarked Zip drive was developed and is sold by Iomega Corporation. Zip drives and disks come in two sizes. The 100 megabyte size actually holds 100,431,872 bytes of data or the equivalent of 70 floppy diskettes. The Iomega Zip drive comes with a software utility that lets you copy the entire contents of your hard drive to one or more Zip disks.
Ex.5 Give the synonyms of the following words:
(to) hold
(to) write
(to) allow
(to) delete
whole
film
Ex.6 Translate into English:
Жесткий диск обладает большим быстродействием.
Время обращения к жесткому диску измеряется в миллисекундах.
Две головки считывают или записывают данные во время вращения диска.
DVD способен хранить 8,5 Гбайт информации на одной стороне, а с двух сторон – 17 Гбайт.
МО диски используют магнитную и оптическую технологии.
Емкость съемной дискеты 100 Мб.