- •22 Указания к выполнению контрольных заданий
- •I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Chemistry
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Выполните упражнение
- •1. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту
- •2. Найдите пары антонимов:
- •3. Переведите слова в скобках на английский язык
- •4. Определите видо-временную форму глагола и залог сказуемого и переведите предложения на русский язык
- •5. Сделайте письменный пересказ текста
- •III. Control text
- •I. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Выполните упражнения
- •2. Подберите к английским словам из а русские эквивалентные слова из в.
- •3. Подберите к словам из а синонимы из в и переведите слова.
- •4. Переведите предложения и поставьте все типы вопросов к ним.
- •5. Сделайте аннотацию текста.
- •III. Control text
- •I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. The Nature of Ceramics
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Выполните упражнения
- •1. Ответьте на вопросы.
- •2. Откройте скобки, использую правильную форму глагола и переведите предложения.
- •3. Переведите предложения из Active в Passive и наоборот. Перевести их на русский язык.
- •4. Составьте 10 предложений на английском языке, используя слова из активного словаря.
- •5. Составьте план пересказа текста и напишите по 2-3 предложения к каждому пункту.
- •III. Control Text
- •Разделите следующие превращения на физические и химические.
- •I. Почитайте и переведите текст
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Выполните упражнения
- •III.Control text
- •I Прочитайте и переведите текст Radioactivity
- •Vocabulary
- •II Выполните упражнения
- •III. Control text
- •I. Прочитайте и переведите текст
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Поставьте 15 вопросов к тексту
- •III. Control text
- •I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Liquids
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Выполните упражнения
- •1. Ответьте на вопросы
- •2. Переведите предложения. Определите функцию герундия в предложении и его форму.
- •3. Заполните пропуски предлогами где необходимо, переведите предложения.
- •4. Определите видо-временную форму глагола и залог сказуемого. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную форму.
- •5. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
- •III. Control Text
- •I. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Molecules
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Выполните упражнения
- •5. Заполните пропуски словами, приведенными ниже. Некоторые слова могут быть использованы несколько раз. Переведите предложения.
- •III. Control Text
- •I.Прочитайте и переведите текст
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Выполните упражнения
- •III.Control text
- •Unit 10
- •I. Прочитайте и переведите текст
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Выполните упражнения
- •1. Выберите подходящий для текста заголовок и обоснуйте свой выбор.
- •2. Ответьте на вопросы
- •3. Дайте химические термины к следующим определениям (определение переведите).
- •4. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на … обороты
- •5. Подберите к словам, словосочетаниям и химическим терминам 1 - 25 соответствующие определения а – у.
- •III. Control text
- •Test 10
Vocabulary
to deal with – иметь дело, рассматривать, касаться
to take place – иметь место, происходить
to be concerned with – иметь дело с
to devote to – посвящать
to make a contribution to – делать вклад
to accompany – сопровождать
relationship – связь, отношение
property – свойство
to announce – объявлять, заявлять
rapid – быстрый
species – вид
to convert – преобразовывать
alloy – сплав
to contain – содержать, вмещать
substance – вещество
to undergo – подвергаться
composition – состав
compound – содержание
matter – вещество
to create – издавать
II. Выполните упражнение
1. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту
1. What do you know about chemistry? 2. What does chemistry study? 3. What does chemistry deal with? 4. Why is chemistry one of the fundamental sciences? 5. When did sufficient facts about chemistry appear? 6. When did modern chemistry begin? 7. Who was the first to study quantitatively the relationship between the volume of a gas and the external pressure upon it? 8. What did Lavoisier introduce? 9. Who discovered regularities in the properties of the elements? 10. What can you tell about the future of chemistry?
2. Найдите пары антонимов:
internal, to appear, natural, old, to disappear, artificial, new, external;
Найдите пары синонимов:
to deal with, to change, to start, field, to be concerned with, to alter, branch, to begin.
3. Переведите слова в скобках на английский язык
1. Chemistry is a science which (рассматривает) with materials and their properties. 2. We think that the exhibition of our achievements (состоится) at the end of September. 3. This scientist (внес большой вклад) both in chemistry and physics. 4. All his life he worked in the field of chemistry, and we can say that he (посвятил) his life to science. 5. All the changes which (сопровождали) this reaction play a very important role. 6. Later Lavoisier (ввел) the concept of the chemical elements. 7. Though these two teams work under (одинаковые) conditions the result of their work are different. 8. This article (касается) the development of our industry.
4. Определите видо-временную форму глагола и залог сказуемого и переведите предложения на русский язык
1) The properties of this substance change water heating.
2) The change from one state into another was accompanied by the evolution of the heat.
3) The concentration of mineral matter in sea water slowly increased.
4) Chemists discovered many laws and important phenomena in life.
5) The broad field of chemistry is divided in many ways.
6) Compounds of carbon occur in plants of animals.
7) The experiment were made under room temperature.
5. Сделайте письменный пересказ текста
III. Control text
Прочитайте и переведите текст. Выберите подходящее заглавие из ниже приведенных и обоснуйте свой выбор на английском языке.
The Scope of Chemistry.
The Nature of Chemistry.
The Body of Chemical Knowledge.
The Work of a Chemist.
Chemical Education.
What is chemistry? A popular dictionary gives this definition: Chemistry is a science of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially of atomic and molecular systems. Another, somewhat simpler dictionary definition, is: Chemistry is a science dealing with the composition of matter and the changes in composition that matter undergoes. Neither of these definitions is entirely adequate. Chemistry, along with the closely related science of physics, is a fundamental branch of knowledge. Chemistry is also closely related to biology not only because living organisms are made of material substances but also because life itself is an essentially complicated system of interrelated chemical processes.
The scope of chemistry is extremely broad. It includes the whole universe and everything, animate and inanimate, in it. Chemistry is concerned not only with the composition of matter, but also with the energy and energy changes associated with matter. Through chemistry we seek to learn and to understand the general principles that govern the behavior of all matter.
The chemist, like other scientists, observes nature and attempts to understand its secrets: What makes a rose red? Why is sugar sweet? What is occurring when iron rusts? Why is carbon monoxide poisonous? Why do people wither with age? Problems such as these — some of which have been solved, some of which are still to be solved — are part of what we call chemistry.
A chemist may interpret natural phenomena, devise experiments that will reveal the composition and structure of complex substances, study methods for improving natural processes, or, sometimes, synthesize substances unknown in nature. Ultimately, the efforts of successful chemists advance the frontiers of knowledge and at the same time contribute to the well-being of humanity. Chemistry can help us to understand nature, however, it is not necessary to be a professional chemist or scientist to enjoy natural phenomena. Nature and its beauty, its simplicity within complexity, are for all to appreciate.
The body of chemical knowledge is so vast that no one can hope to master it all, even in a lifetime of study. However, many of basic concepts can be learned in a relatively short period of time. These basic concepts have become part of the education required for many professionals including agriculturists, biologists, dental hygienists, dentists, medical technologists, microbiologists, nurses, nutritionists, pharmacists, physicians, and veterinarians, to name just a few.
Test 1
1.People … chemistry since ancient times.
a) have practiced
b) are practicing
c) had practiced
d) practiced
2. Chemistry … the studies of the whole universe and everything in it.
a) is included
b) includes
c) include
d) included
3. Chemistry doesn’t study …
a) composition of substances
b) behavior with other materials
c) states of matter
d) human races
4. The history of chemistry …to ancient times.
a) goes back
b) concerns
c) deals with
d) considers
5. Chemistry … to other sciences e.g. physics and biology
a) is formed
b) is devoted
c) is related
d) is included
6. The building blocks of matter are …
a) atoms
b) elements
c) alloys
d) compounds
7. Different matters can be classified according do their …
a) masses
b) numbers
c) atoms
d) properties
8. One substance can be … into the other substance under chemical reaction.
a) formed
b) converted
c) included
d) introduced
9. The forms of … are solids , liquids and gases.
a) alloy
b) substance
c) matter
d) reaction
Chemical reactions … by definite changes in energy
are accompanied
are changed
are made
are introduced
Unit 2