- •Indisposition
- •Idiomatic expressions
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Illness – disease
- •In the last five sentences three of the alternatives are correct and two of them are wrong. Choose the three best alternatives for each.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Fill in the right words.
- •How the Body Fights Disease
- •Our Body and Our Health
- •1. Study the vocabulary given above each paragraph of the text. Read the paragraphs and note down the following points:
- •Our Body and Our Health
- •2. Body. Give names for the indicated parts of the head.
- •3. Body. Match each of the following parts of the body with the correct number in the picture below.
- •5. Body. Complete the sentences. The number of dashes is identical with the number of letters in the missing words.
- •6. Body. Crossword.
- •7. Body. Each of the ten words below is regularly used to describe an action or gesture made with a part of the body. Write which. In some cases more than one answer is possible.
- •8.Body. Choose the correct answer.
- •9. What’s the Russian for?
- •10. Body. Match the following parts of the body with the jumbled definitions on the right.
- •11.Body. Choose one of the possibilities that best completes the sentence.
- •12.Ideas for discussian:
- •At the doctor’s office
- •Imagine that you are a doctor. Try to diagnose these illnesses.
- •A home call
- •1. Read the dialogue and be ready to dramatise it.
- •1. Make up a dialogue on analogy using the vocabulary
- •Text d. General hospitals
- •First aid
- •1. As you read the text look for an answer to the following question: When should you go to the emergency room?
- •Car accident
- •Snake bite
- •Artificial respiration
- •3. Guided Conversation
- •What to do about flu what to do about flu
- •1. Read these sentences. Which do you think are true (t) or false (f)?
- •2.Discuss with your friend what can we do about flu
- •State Policy on Health Care services in Belarus Organization and management
- •Financing of health services
- •Access to services
- •2. What changes would you like to introduce in the National Health Care Services in Belarus? Discuss it with your partners.
Access to services
Health care in the Republic of Belarus is characterized by a high availability of medical personnel and hospital beds. In January 1995, there were 44,600 doctors (43.3 per 10,000 of the population) and 117,600 professional medical workers such as nurses and technologists/technicians (114.2 per 10,000 of the population). General practitioners account for 26 % of the total medical personnel, paediatricians for 11%, surgeons for 12%, dentists for 8 % and obstetrician/gynaecologists for 5 %. There are 128,500 hospital beds (125.4 per 10,000 of the population).
A well-developed network of treatment and preventive care institutions provides medical assistance (871 hospitals, including 428 in rural areas, and 1579 out-patient and polyclinic institutions, including 789 in rural areas). There are 204 ambulance stations. In rural areas, 2960 doctor's assistants and midwifery centres offer assistance to the population living in a 7 to 8 km radius. Doctors of out-patient and district hospitals offer assistance within 10 to 12 km.
At the same time, the system lacks horizontal integration which leads to a fragmentation of individuals' health problems among several specialists.
For example, during the course of having a baby, a woman will see one specialist (obstetrician/gynaecologist) during and after pregnancy (or several if she has health problems) and will be attended by different specialist (s) at the time of delivery.
There is also a strong emphasis on curative and institution-based care, with little attention to Primary Health Care. Some 80 % of sick children begin and end their treatment in polyclinics.
Access to highly-qualified and specialized medical assistance for the population in rural areas was reduced in 1993-94, due to a considerable reduction in public transportation necessitated by the economic situation.
The state health care system includes health care institutions under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Health (92 % of doctors work in these) as well as health care services belonging to the Ministries of Defence and Internal Affairs and to the Belarusian Railways.
2. What changes would you like to introduce in the National Health Care Services in Belarus? Discuss it with your partners.