- •The Syllable. The Principles of Syllable Division The nature of the syllable
- •Of compound words
- •The Primary and the Secondary Meaning of Letters
- •Reading of vowels in stressed syllables
- •The Primary Sound Meanings of Vowels in Different Types of Syllables
- •Reading single vowel letters in stressed non-final syllables
- •Test I
- •Test II
- •Reading of Stressed Vowels in Combination with the Letter ”r”
- •Idioms, sayings:
- •Reading of Vowel Digraphs*
- •Principles of Reading Vowel Digraphs
- •Reading of the digraph “ou” in homographes:
- •Vowel Letter Combinations
- •Test I
- •Test II
- •Reading of Unstressed Vowels
- •Reading of Consonants
- •Reading of “c, g, j”
- •Reading of endings -(e)s, -(e)d
- •Reading of combinations of vowels with consonants
- •Mute Consonants
- •Reading of English Consonant Clusters
- •Reading of “ng, nk”
- •Reading of letter “n”
- •Revision and Consolidation Practice
- •I) Each word here has the sound [u:]. How many ways are there to spell this sound? Arrange the words into the groups:
- •Additional Practice in Reading and Memory Work
- •Bibliography
- •Contents
Vowel Letter Combinations
ay, ai
says, quay, certainly, always, holiday, Sunday, certainty, Monday, portrayal, play, clay, aid, straight, against, fair, chair, rain, air, said, aisle, balalaika, curtain, claim, certain, pay, again, plait, plaid, plaintiff, plaintive, quay age, clay
ea
eagle, stream, sea, deal, bread, meal, lean, feather, sweat, breath, breakfast, heaven, pleasure, break, great, steak, fear, idea, tear, theatre, clear, earthly, rear, earthworm, Earn, earn, ear-splitting, Earn Shaw, earring, earnest, eaglet, each, eager, Easter, leave
ee
eel, needle, agree, addressee, employee, peer, beer, beetle, teenager, teem, teetotal, returnee
ei, ey
veil, convey, receive, key, height, eye, either, seismograph, sleight, money, heifer, Reynolds, atheism, deity, heir, heirloom, leitmotif, beige, donkey, eight, Leicester, weight, leisure, ceiling, receive, seize, geyser, they, survey, bogey, monkey, whiskey, weird
eu, ew, iew
feudal, few, masseuse, sew, Freudian, masseur, lieutenant, euphemism, feudalism, queue, pseudonym, neutral, Europe, leukocyte, rheumatism, leukemia, leucotomy, Lucite, Peugeot, Reuter, Reuben, reunion, reusable, Seurat, chew, Tewkesberry, mew, mewl, fewness, Newton, New-York
eo
jeopardy, leopard, Geoffrey, Leonard, people, theory, peony, theology, theorem, reorganize, reopen, Seoul, Leo, Leonardo, Leopold, Leonora, deodar, deoxyribonucleic, deodorant, , Neo-Latin, neologism, neoplasm, neonatal.
ie
piece, tie, fierce, tried, studied, dries, fries, friend, flies, sieve, handkerchief, science, pliers, society, acquiesce, Viennese, happiest, Vietnam, viewpoint, achieve, chief, species, series, mischief, auntie, Freddie, brier, fiery, diet, field, fiesta
oo
food, good, blood, flood, door, moor, poor, brooch, zoology, cooperate, cook, book, wood, floor, ooze, boost, boot, foolish, too, woo, kangaroo, foot, boost, boor, boomerang, boondocks, soothe
oi, oy
noise, boy, patois, turquoise, coin, oily, turmoil, boil, connoisseur, tortoise, loiter, loin, soiree, Boyd, boysenberry, boycott, toy
ou
round, soul, touch, group, could, should, would, thought, through, bough, through, rough, cough, thorough, flour, tourist, four, journey, courage, courier, ounce, oust, house, thousand, account, sound, fountain, youth, soup, boulevard, goulash, you, nourish, trouble, poultry, mould, shoulder, bought, slough, house, wound
Ex. 5.19 Spot the homophones:
Homophones are words (or combinations of words) which sound the same, but are spelled differently and have different meanings: meet and meat, seen and scene. Find the pairs of homophones hidden in the list below.
Side, balls, bear, bowled, cue, ducked, fort, work grate, hair, hare, bales, week, dally, bald, hold, fought, weekly, stoke, walk, missed, air, pure, packed, pear, pore, where, pour, duct, bore, seam, quiet, sought, please, shake, wade, sheikh, pleas, weakly, bold, past, sighed, piece, mist, wear, seem, sight, slay, wake, win, steak, stalk, stroke, stork, daily, stake, weak, bare, holed, wine, pact, bawls, passed, wane, queue, great, heir, pair, whine, grant, sleigh, same, weighed, site, peace.
Some of these words do not form pairs of homophones.
Ex. 5.20 Read the following proverbs:
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The cook stood still and looked the bush was full of good wood.
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An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
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A sound mind in a sound body.
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A green wound is soon healed.
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I wouldn’t like to be in your shoes.
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Too many cooks spoil the broth.
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New brooms sweep clean.
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The proof of the pudding is in the eating.
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Too good to be true.
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A little pot is soon hot.
Ex. 5.21 Try to read these tongue-twisters s quick as possible:
1. A tutor who taught on the flute
Tried to teach two young tooters to toot.
Said the two to the tutor,
Is it harder to toot or
To tutor two tooters to toot?
2. Whatever one toucan can do
Is sooner done by toucans two,
And three toucans (it’s very true)
Can do much more than two can do.
3. How many cookies could a good cook if a good cook could cook cookies?
A good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies.