The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense / Настоящее длительное время

Present Continuous образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем времени (am, is, are) и причастия настоящего времени смыслового глагола - Present Participle (IV-я форма или ing-форма).

 

Утвердительная форма		Вопросительная форма			Отрицательная форма
... + am/is/are + IV		Am/Is/Are ... +  IV ?			... am/is/are not +  IV
I am (=I'm) playing. Я играю. ( сейчас )		Am I playing? Я играю?			I am not (=I'm not) playing. Я не играю.
He She It	is playing =(...'s playing)	Is	he she it	playing?	He She It	is not playing =(isn't playing)
We You They	are playing =(...'re playing)	Are	we you they	playing?	We You They	are not playing =(aren't playing)

 

Сокращенные формы: I am = I’m, she is = she’s, we are = we’re, they are = they’re, are not = aren’t, is not = isn’t

Present Continuous употребляется для выражения:

1. Действия, совершающегося в момент речи.

I am sitting at my table and writing.	Я сижу за столом и пишу. (сейчас)
Hurry up! The bus is coming.	Поторопись. Автобус идет.
It is raining.	Идет дождь. (в данный момент)
Mary, what are you doing?	Мэри, что ты (сейчас) делаешь?
You are not listening to me.	Ты не слушаешь меня.

2. Длительного действия, совершающегося в настоящий период времени, хотя и не обязательно в момент речи:

I am learning to drive.	Я учусь водить машину. (в настоящее время)
He is studying at school.	Он учится в школе. (в настоящее время)
My husband is working on an invention.	Мой муж (в настоящее время) работает над одним изобретением.

3. Для выражения будущего действия:

а) запланированного действующим лицом;

I’m leaving tomorrow.	Я уезжаю завтра.
We’re flying to Paris in the morning.	Мы вылетаем в Париж утром.
We are dining out on Saturday.	Мы обедаем в гостях в субботу.
He is taking his examination on Friday.	Он держит экзамен в пятницу.

б) в придаточных предложениях условия и времени.

If I am sleeping when he comes, wake me up, please.

Если я буду спать, когда он придет, разбудите меня, пожалуйста.

 Если в настоящий момент для говорящего более важен сам факт действия, чем процесс, то употребляется Present Indefinite, а не Present Continuous:

Why don’t you answer?	Почему ты не отвечаешь?
Stop talking! Why don’t you listen?	Перестань разговаривать! Почему ты не слушаешь?

 

Если в момент речи происходят два одновременных процесса, то возможны все три варианта передачи этих действий: оба в Indefinite, одно в Indefinite – другое в Continuous, оба в Continuous:

Do you hear what he says? Do you hear what he’s saying? Are you listening what he’s saying?

Ты слышишь (слушаешь), что он говорит?

 

Орфографические изменения при образовании Причастия I:

1. Если глагол оканчивается на:

– непроизносимое e, то перед -ing оно исчезает: live – living, come – coming

– если глагол заканчивается на согласную, которой предшествует краткий ударный гласный, то конечная согласная удваивается: stop – stopping, swim – swimming 

2. Слова lie (лежать; лгать) и die (умирать) заканчиваются на -ie, поэтому меняют окончание -ie на -y: lie – lying, die – dying

Exercise 21. Use the noun in brackets in the proper form instead of the possessive pronoun

1. It is her book (Helen). 2. This boy is their son (Michael and Fanny). 3. Look at his photos (my friend). 4. These are her glasses (my grandmother). 5. His studio is very large (the painter). 6. Her parents are teachers by profession (Kate). 7. Their grandparents are in Moscow (the children). 8. His surname is Orlov (Alexander). 9. Their passports are on the desk (the men). 10. Their toys are on the carpet (the twins).

Exercise 22. Use the Possessive Case in the following

1. the father of James 2. the books of his grandchildren 3. the name of her sister-in-law 4. the surname of Helen and Peter 5. the parents of John 6. the brother of this boy 7. the children of these women 8. the toys of the twins 9. the music of Glinka and Chaikovsky 10. the profession of these men. 11. the birthday of my step-father

Exercise 23. Define the following words

Example: niece — My brother's (sister's) daughter is my niece.

parents, grandparents, grandmother, grandfather, mother-in-law, father-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in- law, nephew, cousin, aunt, uncle.

Exercise 24. Answer the questions with the correct form of the noun

1. Nina has my magazine. Whose magazine is that? It is ... (Ann). 2. Alex has a brown coat, so this coat is not his. Whose coat is it? It is ... (his friend). 3 .A book for children is lying on the window-sill. Whose is it? It is ... (my twins). 4. What a nice flat it is! Whose flat is it? It is ... (our family). 5. Whose children are sitting downstairs?They are ... (Mary and Peter). 6. What a nice silk handkerchief! Whose is it? It is ... (Lena). 7. Look at the bag! Whose is it? It is ... (Susan). 8. Look at the car! Whose is it? It is ... (Tom).

Exercise 25. Fill in the gaps with have got or has got.

1. Sue ___________ two sisters and one brother. 2. Mr and Mrs West ____________ three sons. 3. Tony and I are drummers. We ____________ drums at home. 4. Jonathan ____________ a skateboard. It’s red and blue. 5. The dogs ____________ a little house. 6. The baby ____________ two teeth. 7. Moira and Mac ____________ a helicopter. 8. Jim is ill. He ____________ a temperature. 9. My brother ____________ a new T-shirt. 10.I ____________ a computer in my room.

Exercise 26. Write sentences with the verb have got (affirmative, negative and interrogative), as in the example

these dogs / big teeth – These dogs have got big teeth. These dogs have not got big teeth. Have these dogs got big teeth?

1. we / any milk in the fridge ___________________________________________

2. my brother / a lot of friends ___________________________________________

3. I / your phone number ___________________________________________

4. she/a good job ___________________________________________

5. we/a big family ___________________________________________

6. this village / a post office _________________________________________

8. you / many animals ___________________________________________

9. they / any children ___________________________________________

10. Sarah / a flat near the beach ___________________________________________

Exercise 27.Choose the correct form of the verb to fill in the sentence.

1. I has got/ are/ have got/ is /am a dog. 2. We has got/ are/ have got/ is/ am happy. 3. You has got /are /have got/ is /am small. 4. He has got /are /have got/ is /am very tall. 5. She has got/ are/ have got/ is /am a nice car. 6. You has got /are /have got/ is/ am one young brother and two sisters. 7. I has got/ are/ have got/ is/ am a nurse. 8. They has got/ are/ have got/ is/ am a big house. 9. They has got/ are/ have got/ is/ am very nasty. 10. It has got/ are/ have got/ is/ am beautiful.

Exercise 28. Choose the correct form of the verb to fill in the sentence

1. Greg is/ has got thirty-five.

2. Dan is/ has got a sister.

3. She is /has got an exciting job.

4. He is/ has got an old car.

5. Tom Cruise is/ has got not very tall.

6. Mrs. Scott is/ has got a shop.

Exercise 29. Fill in the sentences with the verb to be in Present Simple

1. I ... a pupil. 2. My father ... not a teacher, he ... a scientist. 3. ... your aunt a doctor? - Yes, she ... . 4. ... they at home? - No, they ... not at borne, they ... at work. 5. My brother ... a worker. He ... at work.6. ... you an engineer? - - Yes, I.... 7. ... your sister a typist? No, she ... not a typist, she ... a student. 8. ... your brother at school? - - Yes, he ... . 9. ... your sister at school? - No, she ... not at school. 10. My ... sister ... at home. 11. ... this your watch? Yes, it ... . 12. She ... an actress. 13. This ... my bag. 14. My uncle ... an office-worker. 15. He ... at work. 16. Helen ... a painter. She has some fine pictures. They ... on the walls. She has much paper. It ... on the shelf. The shelf ... brown. It ... on the wall. Helen has a brother. He ... a student. He has a family. His family ... not in St. Petersburg, it ... in Moscow.

Exercise 30. Translate into English using the verb to be in Present Simple

1. Я ученик. Я в школе. 2. Мой брат художник. Он не инженер. 3. Моя сестра наработе. Она врач. 4. Он студент. 5. Вы студент? – Нет, я врач, 6. Моя сестра дома. 7. Мы не в школе. Мы дома. 8. Мой брат ученик. Он в школе. 9. Ваша мама дома? –Нет, она на работе. 10. Ваш двоюродный брат дома? – Нет, он в школе. Он ученик. 12. Ваша сестра учительница? –Нет, она студентка. 12. Твой папа на работе? – Нет, он дома.13. Твоя сестра директор? – Да. – Она дома? – Нет, она на работе. 14. Мой дедушка ученый, 15. Моя мама не учительница. Она врач.

Exercise 31. Translate into English using the verb to be in Present Simple

1.Где твоя ручка? – Она на столе. 2. Что это? – Это ваша книга. 3. Это твой стол? –Нет, это стол моего брата. 4. Это твоя сумка? – Нет, это сумка моей мамы. 5. Это карандаш твоего брата? –Нет, это карандаш моей сестры. 6. Это твоя тетрадь? – Да. 7. Это тетрадь твоего брата? –Нет, это моя тетрадь. 8. Где ваш стол? – Он посередине ком­наты. 9. Где твоя ручка? – Она в моем кармане. 10. Где твоя тетрадь? – Она на столе. 11. Где твоя мама? – Она на работе. 12. Где твой брат? – Он в школе. 13. Где твоя сестра? – Она дома. 14. Это карандаш? – Да, это мой карандаш. –А где мой карандаш? – Он на столе. 15. Это часы? –Да, это мои часы. –А где твои часы? –Они на столе.

Exercise 32. Translate into English

У меня есть очень хороший друг. Его зовут Алек­сандр, сокращенно Алик. Ему 28 лет. У него есть семья. Его семья состоит из 4 человек: его жена, он сам и двое детей. У него две дочери. Они близнецы. Им по три года. Его жену зовут Маша, а имена дочерей – Таня и Женя. У него теперь новая квартира. Она очень далеко от моего дома. Жаль, что у него нет телефона. Сегодня воскресенье, так что он дома.

Exercise 33. Look at the pictures and say what people are doing. Use the verbs carry, paint, play, ride, take

Exercise 34. Rachel is in the computer room at college. Complete her conversation with Andrew. Put in a present continuous form of the verb.

Andrew: What (►) are you doing? (you / do)

Rachel: (►) I'm writing (I / write) a letter to a friend. He's a disc jockey. Vicky and I (try) to organize a disco.

Andrew: That sounds a lot of work. How you / find) time for your studies?

Rachel: Well, as I said, Vicky (help) me. (we / get) on all right. we / not / spend) too much time on it. (it / not / take) me away from my studies, don't worry about that. Oh, sorry, (you / wait) for this computer?

Andrew: Yes, but there's no hurry.

Rachel: (I / correct) the last bit of the letter. I've nearly finished.

Exercise 35. Translate into English

Что сейчас делают ваши родственники? – А который сейчас час? – Семь часов.– Мой папа сейчас ведет урок в вечерней школе, он учитель. Мама дома. Она готовит ужин и ждет меня. Моя сестра помогает ей. Бабушка шьет сестре маскарадное платье (a fancy dress). Дедушка гуляет в саду с моей маленькой пле­мянницей. Мой младший брат готовит уроки. Тетя с дядей в кино, смотрят цветной фильм «Ромео и Джульетта», а я – в университете. У нас сейчас урок английского языка. Учитель объясняет новое правило и пишет примеры на доске. Студенты читают и переводят английский текст. А сейчас учитель задаёт вопросы по тексту, мы отвечаем на них. Некоторые студенты делают ошибки в ответах, учитель исправляет их.

Speaking

Exercise 36. Answer the questions about your family:

1. How many are you in the family? 2. What are your parents? 3. How many brothers and sisters have you got? 4.What is your sister's name? 5. What is your brother's occupation? 6. Your aunt is an engineer by profession, isn't she? 7. What is your friend's full name? 8. How old are you? 9. How old is your friend? 10. Is he (she) your senior or junior? 11. How many years is he (she) your senior (junior) ? 12. Are you married?13. Is your grandfather a pensioner? 14. How old are your grandparents?15. How many cousins have you got? 16. Are you fond of all of them? 17. Are you twins with your sister (brother)?

Exercise 37. Compose short dialogues using the following sentences

1. Meet my friend, Father. I am very glad to meet you. 2. A pupil of the tenth form. He (she) is ... years old. 3. Her dream is to become .... She (he) is just out of school. 4. He (she) is not old at all. He (she) is full of life and energy. 5. He (she) has a family of his own. He (she) is ... by profession.

 Listening

Exercise 38.

1. Study the pictures below: the Vishna Family and the Blake Family.

2. Listen to two people talk about their family and decide which dialogue describes the family in the pictures.

3. Listen again name the members of the families and write down their age.

4. Cover the pictures and remember as many facts as possible about two pictures.

5. Bring in the photo of your family and describe it.

Writing

Exercise 39. Describe your own family or the family of your friend (brother, etc.). Speak about the relationships among the various members, their appearance and professions