Вариант 5

1. Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите следующий текст:

CATTLE

The history of domesticated cattle begins with the history of civilization. There are many breeds established by genera­tions of cattle-breeders. For practical purposes, however, we classify cattle according to the object or objects for which we keep them, i. e. for labour, beef, milk or any two, or all three.

In most countries people rarely use oxen for work purposes, and therefore our classification is into beef, dual-purpose and dairy types. A considerable majority of breeds are dual-purpose and purely beef breeds are few and relatively unimportant.

The efficiency of a cow, whether in the production of meat or milk depends on the ratio between the total food consumed and the quantity required for their maintenance. Hence, whether for beef or milk production, we want a low maintenance requirement and a capacity to deal with large amounts of food.

2. Выпишите из текста два предложения, действие кото­рых происходит в настоящем времени, и переведите их.

3. Поставьте прилагательные в скобках в нужной форме. Переведите предложения:

1) Next autumn the farmers will have (good) yields than this autumn.

2) Those speak (much) who have (little) to say.

3) Sankt-Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in Rus­sian Federation.

4. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения:

1) The most important difference between plants and ani­mals is that plants can produce food in the leaves.

2) You must plough the land at least a month before you sow the oats.

3) We can get better yields if we control weeds and plant diseases.

5. Перепишите и переведите следующие сочетания суще­ствительных с определениями:

1) sheep rearing;

2) dried grass;

3) fine-wool, semi-fine-wool and long-wool breeds;

4) solar radiation;

5) the short, stiff-strawed varieties of wheat.

6. Перепишите сложные предложения и переведите их. Определите тип придаточного предложения, подчеркните со­юзы:

1) It is best to keep ewe and lamb for a day or two in a pen until the sheepman is sure the lamb is getting plenty of milk.

2) Salt should be included in the mineral mixture unless it is iodized.

3) The soil on the farms that are located not far from rivers is better than that on the farms situated far from any water sources.

4) The irrigation work which our brigade had to do will help the farmers grow vegetables.

5) We hope that this crop will thrive on this soil.

7. Выпишите из текста эквиваленты к сочетаниям слов:

1) одомашнивание скота;

2) двойного направления (комбинированный);

3) продуктивность коровы;

4) необходимое количество пищи для содержания скота;

5) минимальная потребность в поддерживающем корме.

8. Поставьте следующие предложения во множественном числе:

1) The wolf killed the sheep.

2) The man looked at the shelf.

3) This ox eats the grass.

4) This snake is longer than that one.

9. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

1) When does the history of domesticated cattle begin?

2) How do we classify cattle for practical purpose?

3) Which cattle type is the most common?

4) What does the efficiency of a cow depend on?