Grammar

Exercise 1. Identify the type of the conditional sentences and translate them into Russian.

1. Wood burns well unless it is wet. 2. If the timber were dried carefully, it wouldn’t check and spit. 3. Had the conditions been unfavourable for wood-destroying fungi, the wood wouldn’t have decayed. 4. If dry wood is placed in a humid atmosphere, it absorbs water and swells. 5. The logs wouldn’t have been attacked by fungi and insects, if they had been taken from the woods and sawed into lumber at once. 6. But for the preservatives, the appearance of wood would be spoiled by different fungi. 7. Wood will serve for a long time, provided it is kept dry.

Exercise 2. Complete the conversation using the second conditional.

A: What (you / do) would you do if you (have) had a lot of money?

B: You mean, what (I / do) . . . if I (win) . . . the lottery or something?

A: Yes, how (you / spend) . . . it?

B: If I (win) . . . more than 10 000, I (save) . . . it.

A: But if you (not / win) . . . very much, say, if it (be) . . . only 1 000?

B: I (go) . . . on holiday or buy a music system. What (you / do) . . . ?

A: I (not / waste) . . . money on a holiday.

I (buy) . . . the latest computer.

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B: (you / give) . . . any of it to charity?

A: Yes, I . . . some of it.

Exercise 3. Fill in the correct form of the verb in the conditional sentences.

1. The trees would be attacked by many insects unless they (to protect) by bark. 2. If the temperature in the kiln had not been so high, the boards (to split). 3. There are special rules of drying lumber in piles. If these rules are followed, the attack of fungi and insects (to be) less probable. 4. If wood (to use) without preliminary drying, shrinkage would occur. 5. But for the sun, the trees (not grow). 6. If our sawn goods didn’t have such high quality, they (not be) in such a great demand abroad. 7. Providing no seeds (to fall) to the ground, not a single seedling would have appeared in spring. 8. Were they experienced loggers, they (to know) how to assess the quality of the logs.

Exercise 4. Finish the sentences.

1. If I have money, I shall buy . . .

2. If I had a library at home, I should collect . . .

3. Provided I went to London, I might see . . .

4. If I heard of his marriage, I should . . .

5. Provided the weather is bad, we shall . . .

6. If I were the Minister of Finance, I’d reduce . . .

7. If you had told me about your difficulties, I should have . . .

8. Unless I had taken a doctor’s advice, I could have . . .

Exercise 5. Study the interview given below and then try to answer the questions in the interview yourselves.

Your hopes, dreams, ambitions

Kim, 15, is British and lives in Cambridge

Noel, 16, is Canadian and lives in Vancouver

If you could visit any country in the world, where would you go to?

Kim: Noel:

I’d go to South Africa. It sounds a wonderful place. I’ve always wanted to see Table Mountain and go on a wildlife safari. That would be my first choice. My second choice would be somewhere really different like Iceland or Lapland. I’d go to the Far East, to somewhere like Japan. I’d like to find out what it’s really like there. I’m also interested in new technology so it would 33 be really fascinating to see the latest gadgets. I’d like to travel around a bit not just stay in Tokyo.