A P P E N D I X 3
£
Keys to Figures
The following abbreviations are used throughout this appendix (see special notation listed for Figure 10.2 only):
number minor philosopher listed in corresponding figure
person omitted from network diagram because of lack of known network ties; such persons are listed here to indicate the prevalence of particular philosophical positions in each time period
iincidental person (not known independently of recorded contact with a known philosopher)
(no. in parentheses) non-philosopher
[name or no. in brackets] foreigner, listed in another network (e.g., in Figures 7.1 through 7.3, Chinese philosophers connected to Japanese network)
? precise date unknown “name in quotes” possibly mythical
f. founder of tr. translator
cm. textual commentator st. studied at
crit. critic of
{} scientist or mathematician
*major scientist
astron astronomy astrol astrology alc alchemy
alg algebra geom geometry theol theology
phil philosophy
893
894 • A p p e n d i x 3
Figure 2.1. Network of Chinese Philosophers, 400–200 b.c.e.
10Tzu-yu (f. school of Confucian disciples)
11Tzu-chang (f. school of Confucian disciples)
19 Tzu-ssu (Confucius’ grandson; f. school of disciples)
21 Tuan-kun Mu (Confucian)
28Ch’in Ku-li (major disciple of Mo Ti)
30 Yi Chih (Mohist)
35Kung-tu Tzu (disciple of Mencius)
39 Shunyü Kun (debater)
43 P’eng Meng
45Chieh Tzu
46Huan Yuan
47Wei Mou
(hedonist/individualist)
49Yo-chêng Tzu-chun (school of Tsêng-Tzu, Confucian)
50K’ung Chuan (descendant of Confucius)
54 Ch’imu Tzu (Kung-sun Lung
disciple)
56Fan Sui (diplomat, debater, prime minister of Ch’in)
57Wu Hou (leader of Mohist faction)
58Hsiang-li Ch’in (leader of Mohist faction)
59T’eng-ling Tzu (Mohist faction of the south)
62Tsou Shih (Chi-hsia Acad.)
63Yü Ching
64Lü Pu-wei (prime minister of Ch’in)
Figure 2.2. Network of Greek Philosophers from Socrates to Chrysippus
39Nessos of Chios (atomist)
40Metrodorus of Chios (atomist, Skeptic)
48Antipater of Cyrene (Cyrenaic)
49Arete (Cyrenaic)
50Epitimides of Cyrene (Cyrenaic)
51Parabates of Cyrene (Cyrenaic)
52Aristippus the Younger (Cyrenaic)
53Anchipylus (school of Elis)
54Moschus (Elis)
55Plistenos of Elis (Elis)
57Anaxarchus of Abdera (atomist, Skeptic)
58Nausiphanes (atomist)
62Alexines (Megarian)
68Pamphilus (Academic)
78Polemarchus (math)
80Autolycus of Pitane (math)
87Crantor (Academic)
88Crates (Academic)
91Philo of Megara (Megarian)
97Lacydes (Academic)
Figure 3.1. Forming the Network of Greek Philosophers, 600–465 b.c.e.
600 b.c.e.
(1)Alcman (cosmological poet)
(2)Pittacus (one of the “Seven” or “Ten Sages”)
(3)Cleobulus (same)
(4)Periander (same)
(5)Myson(same)
(6)Epimenides (same)
(7)Anacharsis (same)
(8)Bias(same)
(9)Chilon(same)
10Democedes of Croton (medicine)
i 11 Ameinas (Pythagorean)
500 c.e.
12Epicharmas
13Hippasus (Pythagorean)
(14)Hecataeus (geographer)
Figure 3.2. Centralization of the Greek Network in Athens, 465–365 b.c.e.
465 b.c.e.
15Corax (orator)
16Tisias (same)
17Oenopides of Chios (math, cosmol)
18Cleidemos (cosmol)
i 19 Heraclides (medicine, father of Hippocrates)
i 20 Herodias (medicine, Cnidus) i 21 Aegisidemus
22Hippon (eclectic)
23Hicetas (Pythagorean, astron)
24Ecphantus (Pythagorean)
25Eurytas (Pythagorean)
26Echecrates (Pythagorean)
i 27 Simmias (Pythagorean)
i 28 Cebes (Pythagorean)
29Alcidamas (Sophist)
30Lycophron (Sophist)
32Idaeus of Himera (eclectic physicist)
33Thrasymachus
34Xeniades (Sophist)
35Theodorus (math)
36Critias (patron of Sophists)
400 b.c.e.
37Diagoras of Melos (“atheist”)
38Cratylus
i 39 Nessos of Chios (atomist)
Keys to Figures • 895
40Metrodorus of Chios (atomist, Skeptic)
41Theaetetus (Academic, math)
42Menaechmus (Academic, math)
43Philip of Opus (Academic)
i 44 Hemodorus (Academic)
i 45 Histaeus (Academic)
46 Theudus (Academic)
Figure 3.4. Proliferation and Recombination of the Greek Schools, 400–200 b.c.e.
365 b.c.e.
i47 Aethiops of Ptolemas (Cyrenaic)
i 48 Antipater of Cyrene (Cyrenaic)
49Arete (Cyrenaic, daughter of Aristippus)
i 50 Epitimides of Cyrene
(Cyrenaic)
i 51 Parabates of Cyrene (Cyrenaic)
52Aristippus the younger (Cyrenaic systematizer, son of 49)
53Anchipylus (Elis/Eretria school)
54Moschus (same)
55Plistenos of Elis (same)
i 56 Diogenes of Smyrna
57Anaxarchus of Abdera (atomist, Skeptic)
58Nausiphanes (atomist)
59Apollonus (Megarian)
60Apollonus Cronos (Megarian)
61Anneceris (Cyrenaic)
62Alexines (Megarian)
63Philiscus (Cynic)
64Onesicritus (Cynic)
i 65 Asclepediades (Elis/Eretria
school)
66Bryson (Megarian, math)
67Polyxenus (Megarian)
896 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
i 68 |
Pamphilus (Academic) |
102 |
Ariston (same) |
i 69 |
Spintharus |
(103) |
Eratosthenes (math, literary |
70 |
Nicharchus (medicine) |
|
criticism) |
71 |
Praxagoras (medicine, Cos) |
104 |
Phylotimus (medicine, Cos) |
72 |
Aristoxenus (Aristotelean) |
105 |
Plistonicus (same) |
73 |
Eudemus (same) |
106 |
Xenophon (same) |
74 |
Dicaerchus (same) |
107 |
Herophilus (medicine, |
75 |
Metrodorus of Athens |
|
Alexandria) |
|
(medicine) |
108 |
Erasistratus (medicine, f. |
76 |
Diocles (medicine) |
|
school Cos, Alexandria |
77 |
Clearchus (Aristotelean, |
|
Museum) |
|
occultist) |
109? |
Menippus of Gadara (Cynic) |
78 |
Polemarchus (math) |
110 |
Sphaerus (Stoic) |
79 |
Callipus (math) |
111 |
Polyaenus of Cyzicus |
80 |
Autolycus of Pitane (math) |
|
(Epicurean, from school of |
81 |
Metrocles (Cynic) |
|
Eudoxus) |
82 |
Hipparchus (Cynic, wife of |
i 112 |
Zopyrus (medicine, |
|
Crates) |
|
Alexandria) |
83 |
Monimus (Cynic) |
i 113 |
Metrodorus of Lampsacus |
84 |
5 minor followers of Aristotle |
|
(Epicurean) |
|
300 b.c.e. |
114 |
Hermachus of Mytilene |
|
|
(Epicurean first successor) |
|
|
|
|
|
85 |
14 minor followers of |
i 115 |
Leonteus of Lampsacus |
|
Theophrastus |
|
(Epicurean financial patron) |
(86) |
Demetrius of Phalerum |
i 116 |
Idomeneus (same) |
|
(politician) |
117 |
Timocrates (Epicurean |
87 |
Crantor (Academic) |
|
renegade, brother of |
88 |
Crates (Academic scholarch) |
|
Metrodorus) |
89 |
Bion (Cynic) |
118 |
Leontion (Epicurean, Athens |
90 |
Evemerus of Messina |
|
hetaera) |
i 91 |
Philo of Megara |
119 |
Colotes (Epicurean) |
92 |
Dionysius the Renegade |
120 |
Menedemus (Cynic) |
|
(heterodox Stoic) |
121 |
Cercidas (Cynic) |
93 |
Herillus (heterodox Stoic) |
122 |
Teles of Megara (Cynic) |
i 94 |
Apollophanes (Stoic) |
123 |
Polystratus (Epicurean |
96 |
Aratus of Soli (Stoic, astron |
|
scholarch) |
|
poet) |
i 124 |
Hippoclydes (Epicurean) |
97 |
Lacydes (Academic) |
125 |
Dionysius (Epicurean |
(98) |
Ctesibus (mechanics) |
|
scholarch) |
(99) |
Aristarchus of Samos (math, |
i 128 |
Hegesius (Academic) |
|
astron) |
|
|
100Hieronymus of Rhodes (Aristotelean)
101Lyco (same)
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 897 |
Figure 3.5. Realignment of Schools |
147 |
Apollodorus “the Tyrant of |
|
in the Roman Conquest, 200 |
|
the Garden” (Epicurean) |
|
b.c.e.–1 c.e. |
148 |
Philonides of Laodicea (Syria |
|
|
200 b.c.e. |
|
Epicurean, math) |
|
149 |
Clitomachus |
|
|
|
||
126 |
Basilides (Epicurean scholarch) |
|
(Academic/Skeptic) |
127 |
Zeno of Tarsus (Stoic) |
150 |
Metrodorus of Stratonicea |
129 |
Critolaus (Aristotelean |
|
(Academic, from Epicurean |
|
materialist, neo-Pythagorean) |
|
school) |
130 |
Diogenes of Babylon (Stoic |
151? |
Meleagra of Gadara |
|
scholarch) |
|
(Cynic) |
131? |
3 Stoics after Chrysippus |
152 |
Charmadas (Academic/rhetor) |
|
(Eudromus, Crinus, Basilides) |
153 |
Mnesarchus (Stoic) |
132? |
5 Aristoteleans (Sotion, |
(154) |
Polybius (historian) |
|
Satyrus, Antisthenes of |
|
100 b.c.e. |
|
Rhodes, Heraclides Lembus, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agatharchides) |
i 155 |
Heraclides of Tarentum |
133? |
Cratippus (Aristotelean, |
|
(empiricist medicine) |
|
changed from Academic) |
156 |
Dio of Alexandria (Academic) |
134 |
Diodorus of Tyre |
i 157 |
Aristus (Academic, brother of |
|
(Aristotelean, eclectic |
|
Antiochus of Ascalon, |
|
materialist, Epicurean) |
|
successor) |
135? |
Callipho, Dinomachus |
i 158 |
Theomnestus (Academic) |
|
(Aristotelean/Epicurean |
159 |
L. Aelius Stilo (Stoic, rhetor) |
|
syncretism) |
160 |
Varro (eclectic, Stoic) |
136 |
Phormio (Aristotelean) |
(161) |
Lucullus (politician, patron) |
137 |
Aristobolus of Alexandria |
162 |
Rutilius Rufus (Stoic) |
|
(Jewish theol, allegorized |
163 |
Alexander Polyhister |
|
Greek myths) |
|
(Pythagorean, eclectic) |
138 |
Boethus (Stoic) |
164 |
Nigidius Figulus (Pythagorean) |
(139) |
Apollodorus of Seleucia |
165 |
Asclepiades of Bythynia |
|
(Stoic, rhetor) |
|
(medicine, Epicurean, Rome) |
(140) |
Apollodorus of Athens (same) |
166 |
Zeno of Sidon (Epicurean, |
141 |
Archedemus of Tarsus (f. |
|
math) |
|
Stoic school, Babylon) |
167 |
Phaedrus (Epicurean, Rome) |
142 |
Antipater of Tarsus (Stoic |
168 |
Patronus (same) |
|
scholarch) |
169 |
Amalfinus (Epicurean, Italy) |
143–144 |
Alceus, Philiscus (Epicureans |
170 |
Sciro (Epicurean, Rome) |
|
at Rome) |
(171) |
Calpurnius Piso (Julius |
145 |
Protarchus of Barghilia |
|
Caesar’s father-in-law) |
|
(Epicurean) |
i 172 |
Philostratus (rhetor, skeptic, |
146 |
Demetrius of Laconia |
|
Academic-Sophist) |
|
(Epicurean) |
173 |
Tyrranio (edited Aristotle’s |
|
|
|
manuscripts) |
898 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
174 |
Andronicus of Rhodes (same) |
199 |
Nicostratus (Platonist, Stoic, |
175 |
Xenarchus (Academic) |
|
rhetor, anti-Aristotelean) |
176 |
Arius Didymus |
|
100 c.e. |
|
(Academic/Stoic/Aristotelean) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
i 177 |
Athenodorus Cananites (Stoic) |
i 200 |
Flavius Arrianus (Stoic) |
178 |
Strabo (Stoic, geographer, |
201 |
Magnus Ephesius (medicine) |
|
historian) |
202 |
Soranus of Ephesus |
179 |
Boethus of Sidon (Aristotelean) |
|
(Methodist medicine) |
|
|
203 |
Favorinus (rhetor, Skeptic) |
Figure 3.6. Syncretisms and |
i 204 |
Stalilius Attalius (medicine) |
|
Skepticism, 1–200 c.e. |
205 |
Theodas (Empiricist |
|
|
1 c.e. |
|
medicine) |
|
206 |
Menodotus of Nicomedia |
|
|
|
||
180 |
Eudorus (Platonist, |
|
(Skeptic, Empiricist medicine) |
|
neo-Pythagorean, Alexandria) |
207 |
Heroditus of Tarsus |
181 |
Anaxilaus of Larissa |
|
(Empiricist medicine) |
|
(Pythagorean, occultist) |
208 |
Aristocles (Aristotelean, Stoic, |
182 |
Quintus Sextus (Stoic) |
|
Platonist) |
183 |
Sotion (Stoic, |
209 |
Gaius (Aristotelean) |
|
neo-Pythagorean, eclectic |
i 210 |
Numisianus |
|
doxographer, Alexandria) |
i 211 |
Satyrus (medicine) |
183a? |
Agrippa (Skeptic, ca. 1–200 |
i 212 |
Pelops (medicine) |
|
c.e.) |
(213) |
Hadrian of Tyre (rhetor) |
184 |
Thrasyllus |
(214) |
Demetrius of Alexandria |
|
(neo-Pythagorean/Platonist) |
|
(rhetor) |
185 |
Potamo of Alexandria |
i 215 |
Diognetus (Stoic) |
|
(Platonist, eclectic) |
216 |
M. Cornelius Fronto (rhetor, |
186 |
C. Musonius Rufus (Stoic) |
|
anti-phil) |
i (187) |
Epaphroditus (Nero’s |
i 217 |
Athenagoras (Christian) |
|
secretary, Epictetus’ owner) |
i 218 |
Demonax (Stoic) |
188 |
Dio Chrysostom (rhetor/Stoic) |
219 |
Lucian of Samosata |
189 |
L. Annaeus Cornutus (Stoic) |
|
(Skeptic/eclectic) |
(190) |
Perseus (poet) |
220? |
Saturninus of Antioch |
(191) |
Lucan (poet) |
|
(Gnostic) |
192 |
Demetrius (Cynic) |
221? |
Carpocrates of |
i 193 |
Agathinos (medicine) |
|
Alexandria(Gnostic) |
194 |
Archigenes (medicine, eclectic, |
222? |
Cerdon the Syrian |
|
Stoic) |
|
(Christian/Gnostic) |
195 |
Simon Magus (Gnostic) |
223? |
Cerinthus (Christian/ |
196 |
Apollonius of Tyana |
|
Gnostic) |
|
(Pythagorean, occultist) |
224 |
Basilides of Syria (Gnostic, |
i 197 |
Ammonius of Alexandria |
|
Alexandria) |
|
(Platonist) |
225? |
Demonax of Cyprus (popular |
198 |
Lucius (Pythagorean) |
|
Cynic) |
226? Oenomaus of Gadara (same)
227? Perigrinus Proteus (same, ex-Christian)
228? pseudo-Pythagorean texts
1–200 c.e.
229? Corpus Hermeticum (anon. text)
230? Cronius (neo-Pythagorean)
231Nicomachus of Gerasa (math, neo-Pythagorean)
232Theon of Smyrna (math, Platonist)
233Aulus Gellius (Platonist, Athens)
234Celsus (Platonist, anti-Christian)
236 Tatian (Christian)
237? Aristides (Christian
apologist)
238 Melitto of Sardis (same)
239? Apollinaris of Hieropolis
(same)
240Marcion (Christian/Gnostic, Rome)
i 242 Panaenus (ex-Stoic, Christian)
243Theophilus (Christian)
244Iranaeus (Christian, anti-Gnostic)
245Hippolytus (same, Rome)
246Julianus (Gnostic, occultist, forged Chaldean Oracles)
247Bardesanes of Mesopotamia (Gnostic)
248Marcus (Gnostic, occultist, disciple of Valentinus)
249Theodotus (Gnostic, disciple of Valentinus)
250Ptolemaeus (same)
(251)Aelius Aristides (rhetor)
252Harpocration of Argos (neo-Pythagorean/eclectic)
253Maximus of Tyre (rhetor/Platonist/Aristotelean/ eclectic)
Keys to Figures • 899
254Severus (Platonist/Stoic anti-Aristotelean)
Figure 3.7. Showdown of Neoplatonists and Christians, 200–400 c.e.
200 c.e.
i255 Saturninus (Skeptic, medicine)
256 Tertullian (Christian, anti-phil, anti-Gnostic)
257 Minucius Felix (Christian)
258 Diogenes of Oenoanda (Epicurean)
(259)Diogenes Laertius (doxographer)
260On the World anon. text (Stoic/Aristotelean syncretism)
261Ammonius Saccas
(neo-Pythagorean? Platonist? eclectic, Alexandria)
i 262 Herennius
263Cassius Longinus (rhetor, Platonist, Athens)
264Origen the Pagan (Platonist) i 265 Olympus of Alexandria (star
magic)
266Amelius Gentilianus (expositor of Plotinus)
i 267 Typho (Stoic, Platonist)
268Anatolius of Alexandria (Christian/Aristotelean/math)
i 269 Lucian (Christian, Antioch)
300 c.e.
270Arnobius (Christian)
271Lactantius (Christian)
272Eusebius (Christian, anti-Porphyry)
273Gedalius (Neoplatonist)
274Chrysaorinus (Neoplatonist)
900 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
275 |
Doxippus |
295 |
Isidorus (Neoplatonist, |
|
(Platonist/Aristotelean/pagan |
|
Alexandria) |
|
theol, Syria) |
296 |
Hypatia (math, Neoplatonist, |
i 276 |
Eugenius (father of 278) |
|
woman) |
277 |
Theodorus of Asine (Platonist, |
297 |
Synesius (math, Platonist, |
|
Athens) |
|
later Christian) |
278 |
Themistius |
298 |
Plutarch of Athens |
|
(Aristotelean/Platonist, |
|
(Neoplatonist/Aristotelean) |
|
Constantinople) |
i 299 |
(daughter of 298, theurgy) |
279 |
Sallustius (Syrian |
300 |
Syrianus |
|
Neoplatonist, pagan |
|
(Platonist/Neoplatonist, |
|
catechism, Pergamum) |
|
Aristotelean, Athens) |
280 |
Sosipatra (occultist, |
301 |
Domninus of Larissa |
|
Pergamum, woman) |
|
(math/occultist/Neoplatonist) |
281 |
Aedisius (Neoplatonist, |
302 |
Hierocles (intro Neoplatonist |
|
occultist, Athens) |
|
at Alexandria) |
282 |
Maximus (occultist) |
303 |
Marinus (math, Neoplatonist |
(283) |
Libanius (rhetor) |
|
scholarch, Athens) |
i 284 |
Himerius (rhetor) |
304 |
Ammonius, son of Hermias |
285 |
John Chrysostom (Christian, |
|
(Platonist/Aristotelean/math/ |
|
Origenist, |
|
astron) |
|
Antioch/Constantinople) |
305 |
Damascius (Neoplatonist, |
286 |
St. Basil of Cappadocia |
|
Athens) |
|
(Christian/Platonist) |
306 |
Simplicius (Neoplatonist, |
287 |
Apollinaris (Christian, |
|
Athens) |
|
opposite heresy from Arius) |
307 |
Olympiodorus |
288 |
Simplicianus |
308 |
Aeneas (Christian/Platonist, |
|
(Christian/Neoplatonist) |
|
Gaza) |
289 |
Macrobius |
|
500 c.e. |
|
(Platonist/neo-Pythagorean) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
290 |
Martianus Capella (Platonist, |
309 |
George of Scythopolis |
|
encyclopedist) |
|
(Christian, anti-heresies) |
293 |
Heraiscus (religious |
310 |
John of Scythopolis (same) |
|
syncretism, Alexandria) |
311 |
Zacharias (Christian/Platonist, |
294 |
Asclepiades (same, brother of |
|
anti-304) |
|
293) |
312 |
Procopius |
|
|
313 |
Cassiodorus (Christian, |
Figure 3.8. Neoplatonists under |
|
handbook writer, Italy) |
|
Christian Triumph, 400–600 c.e. |
i 314 |
Leander |
|
|
400 c.e. |
315 |
Isidore of Sevelle |
|
|
(encyclopedist) |
|
|
|
|
|
292 |
Theon of Alexandria(math, |
316 |
Stephanus of Alexandria. |
|
Platonist) |
|
(Aristotelean/occultist/math, |
|
|
|
Byzantium) |
317St. Maximus (Platonist/Christian, Byzantium)
Figure 4.1. Emergence of Chinese Network, 500–365 b.c.e.: Rival Confucian Lineages, Mohists, Primitivists
500 b.c.e.
1Têng Hsi (lawyer/debater)
2Yen Hui (Confucian)
3Tzu-lu (Confucian)
4Tzu Kung (Confucian, diplomat)
i 5 Jan Yu (politician)
i 6 Chung Kung (Confucian)
i 7 Yu Tzu (soldier)
i 8 Tseng Hsi (Confucian)
9Tzu-hsia (f. school of Confucian disciples)
10Tzu-yu (same)
11Tzu-chang (same)
i 12 Mi Tzu-chien (Confucian)
i 13 Tzu-ch’ih (Confucian)
i 14 Tzu-hua (Confucian)
15Shih Shih (Confucian)
16Ch’i Tiao-K’ai (f. school of Confucian disciples)
17Kung-sun Ni-tzu (Confucian)
18Fu Tzu-chien (Confucian)
19Tzu-ssu (Confucius’ grandson; f. school of disciples)
19a? Chung-liang (f. school of Confucian disciples)
i 20 T’ien Tzu-Fung (Confucian, instructor of kings)
i 21 Tuan-kun Mu (same)
i 22 Wu Ch’i (Confucian general) i 23 Kung-meng Tzu (Confucian) 23a Li K’uei (“agriculturalist”
politician)
i 24 Ch’eng-tzu (Confucian)
25Kêng Chu (Mohist)
26Sui Ch’ao Ti (Mohist)
Keys to Figures • 901
400 b.c.e.
27Wü Lu (“agriculturalist” self-sufficiency)
28Ch’in Ku-li (major disciple of Mo Ti)
Figure 4.2. Intersecting Centers of the Warring States, 365–200 b.c.e.
365 b.c.e.
29Tzu Hua Tzu (Yang Chu follower)
i 30 Yi Chih (Mohist)
31Hsu Fan (from Mohist school; neo-Confucian, possibly identical w Hsü Hsing)
32Ch’en Hsiang (“agriculturalist” primitivist)
i 33 Ch’en Liang
34? Shih Ch’iu (individualist like Ch’en Chung)
i 35 Kung-tu Tzu (disciple of Mencius)
i 36 Wan Chang (same)
i 37 Meng Chi Tzu (same) i 38 Kungsun Ch’ou (same)
39Shunyü Kun (debater at Wei court, then Chi-hsia Academy)
40Ch’en Chung
(“agriculturalist” primitivist; of Ch’i royal house)
43 P’eng Meng
45Chieh Tzu (Chi-hsia Acad.)
46Huan Yuan (Chi-hsia Acad.)
47Wei Mou (Prince of Wei,
hedonist/individualist)
49Yo-chêng Tzu-chun (school of Tsêng-Tzu, Confucian)
50K’ung Chuan (descendant of Confucius)
300 b.c.e.
51Huan T’uan
52T’ien Pa
902 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
i 53 |
Mao Kung (Kung-sun Lung |
72 |
Fu Shang (textual scholar; |
|
disciple) |
|
restored destroyed texts from |
i 54 |
Ch’imu Tzu (same) |
|
memory) |
i 55 |
Chan Tzu |
73 |
Chang Liang (“Taoist” |
56 |
Fan Sui (Wei diplomat, |
|
immortality magic, Han court) |
|
debater, prime minister of |
74 |
Chia I (Yin-Yang; famous |
|
Ch’in) |
|
poet) |
57 |
Wu Hou (leader of Mohist |
75 |
Hsiahou Shih-Ch’ang |
|
faction) |
76 |
Hsiahou Sheng |
58 |
Hsiang-li Ch’in (leader of |
77 |
Hsiahou Ch’ien |
|
Mohist faction) |
78 |
Ouyang Shêng (Five Agents; |
59 |
T’eng-ling Tzu (Mohist |
|
occult portents; New Text |
|
faction of the south) |
|
school) |
60 |
Ku Huo (same) |
79 |
Ouyang Kao (same) |
61 |
Chi Ch’ih (same) |
80 |
Hu K’ang (textual scholar: |
62 |
Tsou Shih (Chi-hsia Acad.) |
|
Annals, I Ching) |
63 |
Yü Ching (prime Minister of |
80a |
Hu-wu Cheng (Annals, |
|
Pingyuan court; patron of |
|
Erudite) |
|
Yü’s Spring and Autumn |
80b |
Kung-sun Hung (head of |
|
Annals) |
|
Erudites, prime minister of |
64 |
Lü Pu-wei (prime minister of |
|
Emperor Wu) |
|
Ch’in; patron of Lü’s Spring |
i 80c |
Lu P’ou-chou (disciple of |
|
and Autumn Annals) |
|
Tung Chung-shu; prosecuted |
65 |
Fü-ch’iu Po |
|
Liu An) |
66 |
Mao Heng (textual scholar) |
81 |
Shu Kuang (same as 80) |
|
|
82 |
Meng Hsi (same as 78 and |
Figure 4.3. Han Dynasty Transition |
|
79, Lanling school) |
|
and Forming of Official |
83 |
K’ung An-kuo (descendant of |
|
Confucianism, 235 b.c.e.–100 c.e. |
|
Confucius; began study of old |
|
|
200 b.c.e. |
|
texts) |
|
84 |
Ts’ou Pa (Book of History) |
|
|
|
||
67 |
Meng Ch’ing (Lanling school |
85 |
Shu-sun Tung (Confucian |
|
of Hsun-tzu) |
|
court ritual) |
68 |
Shen Pei (teacher of numerous |
86 |
Li Shao-chün (“Taoist” |
|
Han officials and Erudites) |
|
magic, Han court) |
68a |
Kung-yang Chiu (transmitted |
87 |
Min Chi (same) |
|
interpretation of Spring and |
|
100 b.c.e. |
|
Autumn Annals from |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Confucian family chain) |
88 |
Liu Pi-chiang |
69 |
Liu Chiao |
i 89 |
Liu Te |
70 |
Mao Chang (textual scholar) |
91 |
Ssu-ma Ch’ien (historian) |
71 |
Chang Ts’ang (Yin-Yang, |
92 |
Chiao Kan (divination) |
|
calendar, Han court) |
93 |
Ching Fang (same) |
Keys to Figures • 903
94Yen Chün-ping (diviner; Tao Te Ching and Chuang Tzu scholar)
1 c.e.
95An-ch’iu Wang-jih (shaman/physician, Tao Te Ching scholar)
96Chia K’uei (eclectic cm., Old Text school)
97Ts’ao Pao (numerology group leader)
Figure 4.4. Later Han Dynasty Disintegration and the Dark Learning, 100–300 c.e.
100 c.e.
98Ma Jung (Confucian cm., Old Text school, anti-occult skeptic)
99Wang Fu (Confucian political phil, anti-occult skeptic)
100Wei Po-Yang (Taoist, first alchemy book)
101Yü Chi (pop. Taoist cult)
102Chang Tao-Ling (Taoist healing cult, military org.,
Szechuan)
103? Ho Shang Kung (Tao Te Ching cm.)
i 104 Chang Heng (same as 102) 105 Chang Lu (f. Taoist church)
(106)Chang Chüeh (Tao of Great
Peace, Yellow Turban uprising)
107Ho Hsiu (Confucian religion)
107b Yü Fan (Confucian, Yi Ching
cm., numerology)
108Hsün Shuang
109Hsün Yüeh (Confucian, anti-Taoist, anti-occult skeptic)
110Ts’ai Yung (anti-occult skeptic, astronomer)
i 111 Wang K’ai (bequeathed library to son, 117)
i 112 Liu Pao (patron of Ching-Chou Academy Old Text scholars)
200 c.e.
113Wang Lang (anti-occult skeptic)
114Tso Tzu (Taoist magician)
115Ko Hsüan (religious Taoist, south China)
i 116 Wang Ts’an (inherited library of 110)
i 117 Wang Yeh (father of Wang Pi)
118Ouyang Chien
119Wang Tao
120Yin Jung (or Hsün Jung)
121Hsia-hou Hsuan
122Wang Su (Confucian, high Wei official; Old Text school,
K’ung-Ts’ung Tzu author?)
123Juan Chi (poet, Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove)
124Shan T’ao (statesman, general, Seven Sages)
125Juan Hsian (Seven Sages)
126Wang Jung (same)
127Liu Ling (same)
128Wang Têng (Pure Conversation, nudist circle)
129Wang Yen (same)
130Juan Chan (same)
131Hsu Kun (same)
132Humu Yen-Kuo (same)
133Pi Cho(same)
134Yueh Kuang (Name/Principle doctrine)
134a Hsieh Hsuan (same)
135P’ei Wei (skeptic, anti-nihilist) 135a Ssu-ma P’iao (cm. Chuang
Tzu, Mohist Canons)
136Juan Fou (libertine, Pure Conversation)
904 • A p p e n d i x 3
137 Wei Chieh (Pure Conversation)
138? Lu Shêng (cm. Mohist
Canons)
139Chueh Kung-tse (Buddhist Pure Land)
140Wei Shih-tu (same)
141Dharmaraksha (Buddhist at Tun Huang, central Asia)
Figure 5.1. Indian Network, 800–400 b.c.e.: The Founding Rivalries
800–600 b.c.e.
In Brihadaranyaka Upanishad:
(1)King Janaka
2 King Ajatashatru
In Chandogya Upanishad:
3King Pravehana Jaivali (defeated Aruni in debate)
4King Ashvapati (debated Aruni &11–15)
5Sanatkumara
6Shandilya
7Raikva
8Satyakama Jabali
9Chakrayana Ushasti
10Ghora Angirasa
11Aupamanayava
12Prachinayogya
13Vaisyagrahpadya
14Sharkarakshya
15Budila
16Parshvanatha (last of 24 Jaina predecessors, some mythical)
600–400 b.c.e.
17Brihaspati (pre-Buddhist skeptic/Lokayata materialist?)
18Sañjaya (skeptic)
19Alara Kalama (meditation master)
20Uddaka Ramaputta (ascetic)
(21) King Bimbisara of Magadha
22Buddha’s followers (debated Mahavira)
23Mahavira’s followers (debated Buddha)
24Purana Kashyapa (or Kassapa; skeptic, denied karma and morality; converted by Buddha)
25Pakudha Kaccayana (or Kakuda Katyayana; 7 elements; denied karma)
26Ajita Keshakambala (4 elements; Lokayata materialist)
27Payasi (Lokayata materialist)
28“Kanada” (early Vaisheshika)
29Sariputra (Buddha’s major disciple)
30Moggallana (Maudgalyayana) (same)
31Devadatta (early revolt within Buddhism)
Figure 5.2. India, 400 b.c.e.–
400 c.e.: Age of Anonymous Texts
400–200 b.c.e.
32Moggaliputta-tissa (organized Buddhist missions)
33Nagasena (Buddhist debater)
34Katyayana (Katyayaniputra) (predecessor of Sarvastivada)
35Dharmatrata (early devel. of Sarvastivada)
In Middle Upanishads:
36Nachikitas (in Katha Up.)
37Shvetashvatara (in
Shvetashvatara Up.)
38“Kapila” (same)
39“Asuri” (converted from Lokayata and Ajivikas)
40Varuna (in Taittiriya Up.)
41Mahachamasya (same)
42Pippalada (in
Prashnopanishad)
43Pratardana (in Kaushitaki Up.)
200b.c.e.
44Mahadeva Buddhist (f. Chaitiya sect, stupa worship)
45Kumaralabdha (f. Sautrantika?)
1c.e.
46Upatissa (Pali Theravada compendium)
47“Pañchashikha” (early Samkhya figurehead?)
100c.e.
48Kumaralata (Sarvastivadin)
49Matracheta (Buddhist court poet)
50Buddhadeva (Sarvastivadin)
51Bhadanta Ghoshaka (Sarvastivadin)
51a “Gautama” (Mithila? f. Nyaya)
52Upavarsha (Vedanta/Mimamsa, 1st
Brahmasutra cm.)
(53)Charaka (compiled medical text)
54Lakulisha? (f. Shaiva dualism)
200 c.e.
55Dharmashri (Sarvastivadin)
56Upashanta (Sarvastivadin)
57Paurika? (earliest distinctive Samkhya)
58Pañchadhikarana (same)
59Pantañjali (not Yogin; early Samkhya)
Keys to Figures • 905
60Varshaganya? (crystallized Samkhya)
61Shabara? (Mimamsa, cm. “Jaimini”)
300 c.e.
62Harivarman (Sautrantika)
63Saramati (Yogacara)
Figure 5.4. Conflict of Buddhist and
Hindu Schools, 400–900
Persons listed here and for Figure 5.5 include philosophers of Kashmir Shaivism and continuation of all Indian networks to 1500–1800 not shown in Figures 5.4 and 5.5.
400
64Sanghamitra (Shri Lanka, crit. Theravada)
65Buddhadatta (Shri Lanka)
66Dhammapala (Shri Lanka) 66a Shrilabdha (Sautrantika)
i 67 Buddhamitra (Sautrantika)
68Vindhyavasin (revised older Samkhya, debated 67)
69Madhava (Samkhya “heretic,” debated 73)
i 70 Vasubandhu’s pupil (brother-in-law of 71)
i 71 |
Vasurata |
72Chandramati (unorthodox Vaisheshika)
500
73Gunamati (Sarvastivadin, crit. Samkhya, Vaisheshika, and Jainism)
74Ashvabhava
74a Vasuvarman (Sarvastivadin)
75Guñaprabha (converted from Yogacara to Sarvastivada, attacked Mahayana)
906 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
76 |
Arya-Vimuktasena |
100 |
Pritichandra (Nyaya “rival to |
|
(Yogacara) |
|
Dharmakirti”) |
77 |
Bhadanta-Vimuktasena |
101 |
Aviddhakarna (Nyaya) |
|
(Yogacara) |
i 102 |
Govinda |
78 |
Bhavivikta Nyaya |
103 |
“Vyasa”? (1st great cm. |
|
(reputational rival of |
|
Yogasutras) |
|
Dharmakirti) |
104 |
Bhartriprapañcha (1st |
|
600 |
|
Bhedabhedavada |
|
|
dualism-cum-nondualism) |
|
|
|
|
|
79 |
Shilabhadra (Brahman, |
|
700 |
|
Nalanda head, Yogacara) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
80 |
Yashomitra (Sarvastivadin, |
105 |
Haribhadra |
|
crit. Vasubandhu II as |
|
(Yogacara/Madhyamika/ |
|
Sautrantika) |
|
Svatantrika) |
81 |
Samathadeva |
106 |
Vajrabodhi (Vajrayana |
|
(Sarvastivadin) |
|
tantrism) |
82 |
Purnavardhana |
107 |
Amoghavajra (tantric/sexual |
|
(Sarvastivadin) |
|
rites; to China court) |
83 |
Jñanaprabha (Svatantrika) |
108 |
Dombi Heruka (sexual-Yogic |
84 |
Gunabhadra? (Mahayana) |
|
tantrism) |
85 |
Simhabhadra (Mahayana) |
109 |
Anandagavajra? |
86 |
Prajñagupta (Mahayana) |
110 |
Jñanagarbha |
87 |
Jñanachandra (at Nalanda) |
|
(Yogacara/Madhyamika & |
88 |
Ratnashimha (Mahayana) |
|
Vajrayana tantrism; to |
89 |
Divakaramitra (Mahayana) |
|
Tibet) |
90 |
Tathagatagarbha |
111 |
Karnakagomin (Madhyamika |
|
(Mahayana) |
|
or Yogacara, Buddhist logic) |
91 |
Nagabodhi (Vajrayana tantrist |
112 |
Archata (Madhyamika or |
|
sutra) |
|
Yogacara, Buddhist logic) |
92 |
Jina (Yogacara, logic) |
113 |
Jinendrabuddhi (cm. |
93 |
Jinendrabuddhi (Buddhist |
|
Dignaga) |
|
logic) |
114 |
Patrakesari (refuted |
i 94 |
Ishvarasena |
|
Dharmakirti logic) |
95 |
Devendrabuddhi (Buddhist |
115 |
Shakyamati (Buddhist cm. |
|
logic) |
|
Dharmakirti logic) |
96 |
Yogasena (Sammitiya |
116 |
Vinitadeva (Buddhist logic |
|
personalist school) |
|
cm. Dharmakirti) |
97 |
Purandhara (last-known |
117 |
Shakyabuddhi (Buddhist) |
|
Lokayata materialist) |
118 |
Prabhabuddhi (Buddhist) |
98 |
Bhamana (grammarian crit. |
119 |
Shubhakara (Buddhist logic, |
|
Buddhist logic) |
|
tantrist anti-Idealist; to China) |
99 |
Shankarasvamin (Nyaya cm. |
120 |
Akalanka (major Jaina logic, |
|
Dignaga logic) |
|
crit. Dharmakirti) |
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 907 |
121 |
Mallavadin (Jaina, cm. |
144 |
Anandavardhana (Kashmir |
|
Buddhist logic) |
|
Brahman; poetics, cm. |
122 |
Haribhadra Suri? (Jaina |
|
Buddhist logic) |
|
formulated “6 darshanas”) |
|
|
123 |
Shalikanatha (Mimamsa crit. |
Figure 5.5. Hindu Oppositions, |
|
|
Dharmakirti logic) |
900–1500: Nyaya Realists, Advaita |
|
124 |
Mahodadhi (Mimamsa) |
Idealists, Vaishnava Dualists |
|
125 |
Umveka (Mimamsa, cm. |
|
900 |
|
Mandana) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
126 |
Totaka (grammarian, |
145 |
Prajñakaragupta (Buddhist |
|
Mimamsa, converted to |
|
logic, tantrist, layman, |
|
Advaita) |
|
Vikramashila [Bengal]) |
127 |
Vasugupta (Kashmir Shaiva) |
146 |
Ravi Gupta (Buddhist |
|
800 |
|
layman, tantrist, Bengal, to |
|
|
Kashmir) |
|
|
|
|
|
128 |
King Indrabuddhi (Bengal |
147 |
Jina II (Buddhist logic, |
|
tantrist) |
|
tantrist, layman; crit. 146) |
129 |
Lakshminkara Devi (sister of |
148 |
Jñanashri (Buddhist logic, |
|
128; sexual-Yoga) |
|
tantrist, layman; Kashmir |
130 |
Pandita Ashoka (Buddhist |
|
Brahman) |
|
logic, Madhyamika or |
149 |
Jitari (Buddhist, crit. |
|
Yogacara) |
|
Vaisheshika, Mimamsa, |
131 |
Durveka (Buddhist logic) |
|
Jainism; Bengal court) |
132 |
Vidyananda? (Jaina logic) |
150 |
Chandragomin (Buddhist |
133 |
Yashovija (Jaina logic) |
|
logic, Bengal court) |
134 |
Vishvarupa (Nyaya) |
151 |
Prajñakaramati |
135 |
Dhairyarashi (Nyaya) |
|
(Madhyamika, crit. Yogacara |
136 |
Chandrananda? |
|
Idealism) |
|
(Vaisheshika) |
152 |
Vidyakarashanti (Buddhist |
137 |
Bhasarvajna (Kashmir Nyaya) |
|
logic) |
138 |
Somadeva (1st systematized |
153 |
Ratnavajra (Buddhist) |
|
Kashmir Shaivism) |
154 |
Dharmadeva (Buddhist, |
139 |
Ugrajyoti (crit. monistic |
|
Nalanda; to China) |
|
Shaivism) |
155 |
Trilocana (Nyaya) |
140 |
Sadyojyati (dualistic Shaiva, |
156 |
Sanatani (Nyaya, Bengal?) |
|
Kashmir) |
157 |
Vyomashiva |
141 |
Brihaspati (Kashmir Shaiva) |
|
(Nyaya-Vaisheshika Shaiva, |
142 |
Shankarananda (Kashmir |
|
Kashmir?) |
|
Brahman, Shaiva; cm. |
158 |
Adhyayana (Nyaya) |
|
Buddhist logic) |
159 |
Vittoka (Nyaya) |
143 |
Bhatta Kallata (Kashmir |
160 |
Narasimha (Nyaya) |
|
Shaiva) |
i 161 |
Lakshmanagupta (Utpala’s |
|
|
|
pupil, teacher of |
|
|
|
Abhinavagupta) |
908 • A p p e n d i x 3
162Bhatriraja (grammarian, Kashmir)
163Helaraja (same)
164Ramakantha (Shaiva dualist, Kashmir)
165Devabala (Shaiva dualist)
In Kashmir:
Major: abhinavagupta (Shaiva, Shakti pan-energy phil.)
Secondary: Utpala (Shaiva, astron, crit. Buddhists)
1000
166Jñanshrimitra (Buddhist logic, tantrist, layman; last of Kashmir school, to Vikramashila [Bengal])
167Ratnakarashanti (classified all Buddhist sects into Vajrayana tantrism)
168Ratnakirti (Buddhist, embraced solipsism)
169Abhayakara-gupta (abbot of Nalanda & Vikramashila; tantrist)
170Sarahapada (sexual-Yoga, poems)
171Advayavajra (Buddhist tantrism to Tibet)
172Devachandra (Mahamudra sect of Vajrayana tantrism)
173Manorathanandin (Buddhist logic)
174Mokshakaragupta (Buddhist logic)
175Anuruddha (Shri Lanka, Theravadin)
176Sariputta? (Theravadin)
177Prabhachandra (Jaina logic)
178Anandabodha? (Advaita solipsism)
179Kularka Pandita (Advaita mahavidya logic formalism)
180Bhavadeva (Mimamsa, Bengal?)
181Shrivatsa (Nyaya, Mithila?)
182Aniruddha (Nyaya)
183Uttuñga (Shaiva dualist)
184King Bhoja (cm. Yoga, Samkhya; polymath, Shaiva dualist)
185Bhaskara? (with 186, greatest names of Shaktism)
186Lakshmidhara
187Vidyakantha (son/pupil of 164)
188Narayana Kantha
189Ramakantha II (refuted grammarians)
190Yadavaprakasha (Vaishnava, theistic dualism-cum-nondualism)
i 191 brother-in-law of 192 i 192 Ramanuja’s father
1100
193Hemachandra (encyclopedic Jaina, poet, grammarian, logic)
193a Shri Harsha’s father i 194 brother of 195
195Meghanadari (Ramanuja sect; refuted objections vs. self-validity of intuition, crit. Nyaya)
196Aghorashiva (Shaiva dualist)
197Basava (Vira Shiva sect/phallic symbols; dualism-cum-nondualism)
198Revana (Vira Shiva; crit. nihilistic monism, Jainism, Buddhism, & Lokayata)
199Upamaya (voluntaristic Shaiva monism, crit. nihilistic monism)
200Someshvara (Mimamsa)
201Aparakadeva (Nyaya)
202Shrikantha (Nyaya)
203Vadaraja (Nyaya, Kashmir?)
204Vallabha (Nyaya-Vaisheshika, Mithila)
205Shivaditya (Nyaya-Vaisheshika; mahavidya syllogisms combo. w Advaita)
1200
206Shri Rama Chandrabharati (only Buddhist bhakti poet; Shri Lanka)
207Mallisena (Jaina logic)
208Parthasarathi Mishra (Mimamsa crit. Dharmakirti logic)
209Vadindra (Nyaya, refuted over-elaborate mahavidya syllogisms)
210Bhatta Raghava (Nyaya)
211Divikara (Nyaya Mithila)
212Keshava Mishra (Nyaya-Vaisheshika Mithila)
213Vadi Vagishvara (Nyaya)
214Narayana Sarvajña (Nyaya)
215Anandahubhava (Nyaya)
216Anandajñana (Advaita, crit. Vaisheshika atomism)
217Vimuktatman (Advaita, crit. Mandana, dualism-cum-nondualism & Bhartrihari)
218Vatsya Varada (Ramanuja theist, refuted Shriharsha world illusion)
219Pillai Lokacharya (led faction in Vaishnava split)
220Marua (Vira Shiva)
221Ekorama (same)
Keys to Figures • 909
1300
222Rajashekhara Suri (Jaina cm. 6 darshanas)
223Vidya Tilaka (same)
224Prabhakarapadya (Nyaya) 224a Varhamana (neo-Nyaya,
Gangesha’s son)
225Abhayatilaka (Nyaya, Mithila)
226Sondadopadhyaya (Nyaya)
227Manikantha Mishra Nyaya
228Shashadhara (Nyaya)
229Tarami Mishra (Nyaya)
230Jagadguru (Nyaya)
231Nyayabhaskarakara (Nyaya)
232Ravishvara (Nyaya)
233Ramadvaya (Advaita)
i 234 Anandatman
235Shankarananda (Upanishads cm.)
236Madhavacharya (or Vidyaranya; Advaita, Mimamsa cm.; compendium of all schools)
237Sayana (Mimamsa, cm. early Vedas; brother of 236)
238Anubhavananda
239Amalananda (Advaita)
i 240 brother of 241
241Shaila Shrinivasa (defended Ramanuja sect vs. Advaita crit)
242Shripati Pandita (Vira Shiva sectarian; crit. all schools)
1400
243Gunaratna Suri (Jaina, cm. Haribhadra’s 6 darshanas)
244Aniruddha (compiled
Samkhyasutras)
245Sadananda Vyasa (Advaita; cm. Samkhya, Gita)
246Shankara Mishra (neo-Nyaya)
910 • A p p e n d i x 3
246a Vacaspati Mishra II
(neo-Nyaya)
247Vasudevasarvabhauma (intro. neo-Nyaya to Bengal)
248Madhava Mukunda (Vishishtadvaita qualified non-dualism, crit. monism & world illusion)
Continuation, 1500–1800 (not shown in Figure 5.5)
1500
Secondary:
Vijñanabhikshu (syncr., cm. Mimamsa, Yoga, Vedanta; turned Samkhya to theism)
Appaya Dikshita (from Mimamsa; synth. Advaita sub-schools)
Prakashananda (Advaita, subjectivist) Vyasa-tirtha? (Madhva pontiff, crit. Advaita monism using Nyaya
epistemology)
Madhusudana Sarasvati? (Advaita, refuted Vyasa-tirtha)
Chaitanya (Vaishnava bhakti, Krishna emotionalism)
Vallabha (Vaishnava Vedanta theist, bhakti, pure nondualism)
249Bhavaganesha (cm. Samkhya)
250Annambhatta (Nyaya-Vaisheshika, cm. Advaita, Mimamsa)
251Narayana Bhatta (Mimamsa theist)
252Narayana Bhatta II (same; refuted Appaya Dikshita)
253Langakshi Bhaskara (same)
254Nrisimhashrama Muni (Advaita)
255Jiva Gosvami (Chaitanya follower)
1600
256Mahadeva Vedantin (Samkhya)
257Svayamprakashayati (Samkhya)
258Apadeva (Mimamsa)
259Khandadeva (Mimamsa)
260Mathuranatha Bhattacharya (extreme neo-Nyaya formalism)
261Jagadisha Bhattacharya (important late neo-Nyaya)
262Gadadhara Bhattacharya (same)
263Vishvanatha (Nyaya-Vaisheshika)
263a Radhomohana Gosvami
Bhattacharya (Nyaya)
264Narayanatirtha (Nyaya-Vaisheshika- Samkhya-Vedanta syncretism)
265Dharmaraja (Advaita)
266Shrinivasacharya (Ramanuja sect)
1700
267Yasovijaya (Jaina)
268Nagoji Bhatta (Samkhya)
269Vamshidhara Mishra (Samkhya/Nyaya)
270Sadananda Yati (Advaita syncretism)
271Baladeva (Vedanta Vaishnava, unthinkable-nondifference- indifference, Bengal)
272Rangaramanuja (Ramanuja sect)
Figure 6.1. Taoist Church and
Imported Buddhist Schools, 300–500
300
142“Pao Ching-yen” (Taoist radical, mythical?)
143Wang Pao (Taoist magician)
144Wei Hua-Ts’un (woman; “revelations” of Taoist scriptures)
145Tu Ching (Taoist church leader)
146Sun Tai (f. Taoist sect)
(147)Sun En (Taoist rebel, south coast)
148Yang Hsi (“revelations” of Taoist scriptures)
149Hsü Mi (Taoist theologian)
150Hsü Hui (Taoist)
i 151 Hsü Mai (father of 149)
(152)Wang Hsi-chih (1st great
calligrapher)
153“Pure Conversation” circle
154Yin Hao (Buddhist layman)
155Sun Ch’o (Buddhist, sync. w Taoism and Confucianism)
156Wang Pan-chih (Confucian, criticized Taoism)
157Ko Ch’ao-fu (Ko family; estab. Taoist scriptures)
158Ts’ui Hao (Confucian, Taoist, Northern Wei minister; persecuted Buddhism)
159K’ou Ch’ien-chih (Taoist “pope” in Northern Wei state)
160Mao Hsui-chih (Taoist disciple)
161Ch’eng-Kung Hsing (Buddhist)
162Shih T’an-ying (Buddhist)
163Fa-hsian (Buddhist pilgrim, tr.
Lotus sutra)
164Chih-yen (Buddhist traveler to Kashmir)
Keys to Figures • 911
i 165 Buddhabhadra (Buddhist
monk from Kashmir)
166T’an-chi (Madhyamika “Three Treatise school”)
167Seng-tao (Sautrantika school)
168Seng-sung (Sautrantika school)
169Seng-jui (Buddhist)
170Hui Kuan (Buddhist, debated Tao Sheng vs. sudden Enlightenment)
400
171Fa-yen (Pure Land)
172Fa-hao (Pure Land)
173Chu Fa-t’ai (Pure Land)
174T’an Chi
175Seng-lang (Madhyamika, separated from Sautrantika)
176Fa-yao (pop. Nirvana sutra preacher, south China)
177Ro-ling (same)
178Seng-yu (continued Tao-An’s catalogue of Buddhist texts)
179Fan Chen (skeptic anti-Buddhist, south China)
180Hsün Chi (same)
181Ku Huan (anti-Buddhist, compiled Taoist scriptures)
182Lu Hsin-ch’ing (Taoist reformer, compiler, alc)
183Sun Yu-yueh (Taoist, Southern capital)
184T’ao Hung-ching (f. Taoist sect; occultist, alc)
185Chou Yung (Buddhist syncretizer w Taoism and Confucianism)
186Chang Jung (same)
187Meng Ching-I (same)
912 • A p p e n d i x 3
Figure 6.2. T’ien-t’ai, Yogacara, |
209 |
Seng-chuan (Madhyamika) |
|
Hua-yen, 500–800; and |
210 |
Fa-lang (same; crit. |
|
Figure 6.3. Cascade of Ch’an (Zen) |
|
Sautrantika/Sattyasidhi school) |
|
Schools, 635–935 |
211 |
Paramartha (st. India; tr. |
|
|
500 |
|
Abhidharma realism & |
|
|
Mahayana idealism) |
|
|
|
|
|
188 |
Wang Yuan-chih (Taoist |
i 212 |
20 minor disciples of Hui-K’o |
|
charms, talismans) |
213 |
Seng-ts’an (alleged Ch’an 3rd |
189 |
Chou Tzu-liang (Taoist |
|
patriarch) |
|
scripture “revelations”) |
i 214 |
minor disciple of Hui-K’o |
190 |
P’an Yüan-wen (Taoist) |
|
600 |
191 |
Buddhasanta (Buddhist fr. |
|
|
|
|
||
|
India) |
215 |
Hui-kuan (transmitted |
192 |
Seng-ch’ou (Buddhist |
|
Madhyamika to Korea, Japan) |
|
meditation master) |
216 |
Tao-cho (T’ien-T’ai monk, |
193 |
Sun Wen-ming (estab. Taoist |
|
Pure Land proselytizer) |
|
pantheon, monasteries) |
i 217 |
Kuang-ting (recorded Chih-I’s |
194 |
Hui-chiao (Buddhist biogs. of |
|
lectures) |
|
famous monks) |
218 |
Shan-tao (Pure Land) |
195 |
Liu Chou (sync. Buddhism, |
219 |
Fa-chung (Buddhist) |
|
Taoism, Confucianism) |
220 |
Tao-hsin (Ch’an) |
196 |
Hsin-hsing (f. Buddhist |
221 |
Fa-shun (Hua-yen, imperial |
|
apocalyptic sect of Three |
|
patronage) |
|
Stages) |
222 |
Yüeh Tai (ed. Mo Tzu) |
197 |
Bodhiruci (fr. India, tr. |
223 |
Wei Chêng (Confucian, |
|
Vasubandhu, Pure Land) |
|
imperial librarian) |
198 |
Ratnamati (same) |
224 |
Wang T’ung (Confucian) |
199 |
Hui Kuang (Buddhist |
225 |
Kung Ying Ta (cm. 5 Agents, |
|
Store-consciousness) |
|
Yi Ching) |
200 |
T’an Luan (f. Pure Land sect; |
226 |
Lü Ts’ai (5 Agents, skeptical |
|
converted fr. magic Taoism) |
|
preface on divination) |
201 |
Fa-shang (Store-consc. and |
227 |
Fu Yi (Confucian, won court |
|
Pure Land) |
|
debate vs. Buddhist |
202 |
Tao-chung (Store-consc., |
|
thaumaturge) |
|
Northern branch) |
228 |
Chih-Yen (Hua-yen) |
203 |
Chêng Tao-chao (Buddhist, |
229 |
Siksananda (fr. Khotan, tr.) |
|
replied to Taoist attacks by |
230 |
Divakara (fr. India, tr.) |
|
179) |
231 |
Divaprajña (same) |
204 |
Lo Ch’un-chang (same) |
232 |
Li T’ung-hsuan (Hua-yen, |
205 |
Fan-yun (Sautrantika text |
|
Buddhist salvation) |
|
scholar) |
233 |
Kuei-chi (completed |
206 |
Chih-tsang (same) |
|
Abhidharma realist system; |
207 |
Sêng-min (same) |
|
systematized Yogacara) |
208 |
Hui-wen (Lotus sutra) |
|
|
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 913 |
234 |
Tao-hsüan (Buddhist, f. |
255 |
Chih-yen (tantrist) |
|
Vinaya disciplinary school) |
256 |
Wên-Ku (same) |
235 |
Fa-min |
257 |
Yen Chen-Ch’ing (“mystic |
236 |
Hui-ming |
|
theses” on logic of Kung-sun |
237 |
Fa-ju (Ch’an) |
|
Lung) |
238 |
Fa-jung (f. Oxhead school? |
i 258 |
Chang Chih-Ho (Taoist) |
|
Ch’an & Madhyamika) |
259? |
Kuan Yin (text by Taoist |
239 |
Lao-an (Ch’an Northern |
|
author) |
|
school) |
260 |
Ssu-ma Ch’eng-Chêng |
240 |
Fa-chih (f. Oxhead school? |
|
(“Taoist” naturalist) |
|
meditation master; Amitabha |
261 |
T’ien T’ung Hsu (same) |
|
devotee) |
262 |
Li Ch’uan (same) |
240a |
Chih-wei (Oxhead school) |
263 |
Hui-yuan (Hua-yen sectarian |
240b |
Hsuan-Chih (Ch’an Szechuan |
|
split) |
|
school, meditation on |
264 |
Ch’eng-kuan (Hua-yen; |
|
Buddha’s name, close to Pure |
|
refuted 263) |
|
Land) |
(265) |
K’uei discussion group |
241 |
Chieh-hsien (Ch’an Szechuan |
|
members (reformers of |
|
school) |
|
politics, economic, lit.) |
242 |
Chih-ta (Ch’an Northern |
i 266 |
Han Hui (brother of Han Yü) |
|
school) |
i 266a |
Han Chung-ch’ing (father of |
243 |
Hsiang-mo Tsang (same) |
|
Han Yü) |
244 |
I-fu (same) |
267 |
Chan-jan (revived T’ien-tai; |
245 |
P’u-chi (same) |
|
universal salvation) |
246 |
Ching-hsien (same) |
268 |
Tzu-min (Pure Land, polemic |
247 |
Hsuan-tse (Ch’an, Northern |
|
vs. Hui Neng) |
|
school) |
269 |
Tao-sui (T’ien-T’ai) |
|
700 |
i 270 |
4 minor followers of Ch’an |
|
|
Northern school |
|
|
|
|
|
248 |
Shên-Hsiang (propagated |
271 |
Fa-chao (Pure Land; National |
|
Hua-yen to Japan) |
|
Preceptor; Heaven/Hell |
249 |
Dharmagupta (fr. India; |
|
doctrine; attacked universal |
|
presided at Nalanda |
|
salvation) |
|
university) |
272 |
Nan-yüeh Huai-jang (Ch’an) |
250 |
Subhakarasinha (fr. India; |
274 |
Yüeh-shan Wei Yen (Ch’an) |
|
tantrist, Chang-an court) |
275 |
T’ien-huang Tao-wu (Ch’an) |
251 |
Vajrabodhi (st. Nalanda; at |
276 |
Nan-chüan Po-yüan (Ch’an) |
|
Chang-an; tantrist) |
277 |
Chao-chou (Ch’an) |
252 |
Chih-yen (tantrist) |
i 278 |
Yün-yen (Ch’an) |
253 |
I-hsing (tantrist, math/astron; |
|
800 |
|
Hua-yen temple) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
254 |
Amoghavajra (st. Ceylon; |
278a |
Yang Liang (Confucian cm. |
|
tutor of emperors; tantrist, |
|
on Hsün Tzu) |
|
rainmaker) |
|
|
914 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
|
278b |
Lü Yen (Taoist reformer, |
|
1000 |
|
|
spiritual alchemy, |
299 |
Mu Hsin (Taoist numerologist) |
|
|
Buddhist-style meditation) |
|||
|
300 |
Li Chih-tsai (numerologist) |
||
279 |
Kuei-Shan Ling-yu (Ch’an; f. |
|||
301 |
Li Kai (same) |
|||
|
Kuei-Shan sect) |
|||
|
302 |
Fan O-ch’ang (same) |
||
280 |
Hsueh-fêng (Ch’an) |
|||
303 |
Liu Mu (same) |
|||
281 |
Ta-Yu (Ch’an) |
|||
i 304 |
Shou Yai (Buddhist) |
|||
i 282 |
Mu-chou (Ch’an) |
|||
305 |
Hsüeh-tou (koan compiler |
|||
283 |
Yang-shan Hui-chi (Ch’an, f. |
|||
|
and poet) |
|||
|
Kuei-Yang sect: meditation on |
|
||
|
306 |
Shih-shuang |
||
|
circular symbols) |
|||
|
307 |
Yang-chi Fang-hui (f. Ch’an |
||
284 |
Hsiang-yen Chih-hsien (Ch’an) |
|||
|
sect) |
|||
285 |
Shih-pei (Ch’an) |
|
||
308 |
Huang-lung Hui-nan (f. |
|||
286 |
Ts’ao Shan Pen-Chi (f. Ch’an |
|||
|
Ch’an sect) |
|||
|
Ts’ao-Tung sect; incorp. |
|
||
|
309 |
T’ou-tzu (revived Ch’an |
||
|
Hua-yen, doctrine of “5 |
|||
|
|
Ts’ao-Tung [Soto] sect, |
||
|
Ranks”) |
|
||
|
|
Hua-yen) |
||
|
|
|
||
|
900 |
310 |
Ch’i-Sung (Buddhist monk, |
|
287 |
Ts’ao-shan Hui-Hsia |
|
Taoist/Confucian syncretism) |
|
i 311 |
Ch’eng Hsiang (father of |
|||
288 |
Chin-feng Ts’ung-chih |
|||
|
Ch’eng brothers) |
|||
289 |
Fa Yen (Ch’an, f. Fa-yen sect; |
|
||
312 |
Ch’eng Pen (Taoist) |
|||
|
incl. Hua-yen) |
|||
|
313 |
Fan Chung-yen (political |
||
290 |
Nan-yüan Hui-yung (1st used |
|||
|
reformer, orthodox Confucian) |
|||
|
koan) |
|
||
|
314 |
Ouyang Hsiu (politician, |
||
291 |
Yung-ming (sync. Ch’an & |
|||
|
historian, poet) |
|||
|
Pure Land, scriptures) |
|
||
|
315 |
Sun Fu (Confucian) |
||
292 |
T’ien-tai Te-shao (sync. Ch’an |
|||
(316) |
Mei Yao-Ch’en (poet) |
|||
|
& T’ien-t’ai) |
|||
|
317 |
Su Hsun (poet, father of 319 |
||
|
|
|||
Figure 6.4. Neo-Confucian |
|
and Su Shih; all in Szechuan |
||
|
faction, anti-reform and |
|||
Movement and the Winnowing of |
|
|||
|
anti–Neo-Confucian) |
|||
Zen, 935–1265 |
|
|||
318 |
Chang Po-tuan (f. Taoist sect, |
|||
|
|
|||
|
935 |
|
spiritual alchemy) |
|
293 |
Fen-yang |
319 |
Su Ch’e (poet and politician; |
|
|
polit. tolerance) |
|||
294 |
Ta-yang |
|
||
320 |
Shih Chieh (poet, |
|||
295 |
Chih-yuan (Buddhist, |
|||
|
anti-Buddhist and anti-Taoist) |
|||
|
Taoist/Confucian syncretism) |
|
||
|
321 |
Fan Tsu-yü (Confucian |
||
296 |
Ch’ung Fan (Taoist |
|||
|
textual cm.) |
|||
|
numerologist) |
|
||
|
322 |
Lü Ta-lin (moved fr. Chang |
||
297 |
T’an Ch’iao (Taoist |
|||
|
Tsai school to Ch’eng school |
|||
|
naturalist) |
|
||
|
|
after death of Chang Tsai) |
||
298 |
Hsing Ping (Confucian) |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 915 |
323 |
Su Chi-ming |
349 |
Wu-tsu Fa-yen (Ch’an Blue |
324 |
Hou Ch’ung-liang |
|
Cliff Record) |
325 |
Wang P’in |
350 |
K’ai-fu Tao-ning (Ch’an) |
326 |
Liu Hsüan |
351 |
Tan-hsia |
327 |
Hsieh Liang-tso (disciple of |
352 |
Hung-chih Cheng-chueh |
|
Ch’eng brothers) |
|
(Silent Illumination Ch’an, |
328 |
Yu Tso (same; anti-Shao |
|
Hua-yen, anti-koan |
|
school polemic) |
|
meditation) |
329 |
Yin T’un |
353 |
K’ai-hsi Tao-ch’ien (Ch’an) |
330 |
Ch’i Kuan (popularized Chou |
354 |
Fo-chao Te-kuang (same) |
|
Tun-i diagram) |
|
1200 |
|
|
|
|
|
1100 |
355 |
Wu-men Hui-k’ai (koan |
|
|
||
331 |
Shao Po-wên (Shao school, |
|
collection) |
|
rival of Ch’eng school) |
356 |
T’ien-t’ung Ju-ching |
332 |
Ch’ao Yüeh-chin (same) |
|
(Buddhist, opposed |
333 |
Shao Po (same) |
|
Confucian/Taoist syncretism) |
334 |
Chu Chên (numerology, cm. |
357 |
Li Po-mien |
|
Yi Ching; popularized Chou |
358 |
Liu Tse-chih |
|
Tun-i diagram) |
359 |
Lin Ti |
335 |
Tung-lin Ch’ang-tsung (Ch’an |
360 |
Ts’ai Chi-tung |
|
monk) |
361 |
Huang Hsün |
336 |
Lo Ts’ung-yen |
362 |
Ts’ai Ch’en |
337 |
Hu An-Kuo (Hu school of |
363 |
Chang Hsi |
|
Neo-Confucianism, rival to |
364 |
Ch’en Fu-liang |
|
Chu Hsi) |
365 |
Ts’ao Shu-yuan |
338 |
Hu Hung (same; circulated |
366 |
Ch’ang Ch’un (Taoist sect |
|
Chou Tun-i’s numerology) |
|
chief) |
339 |
Hu Yin (same) |
367 |
Li Chih-Ch’ang (Taoist sect |
340 |
Chang Shih (same; 1st printed |
|
chief) |
|
Ch’eng bros. mss, criticized |
368 |
Hsü Lu-Chai |
|
by Chu Hsi) |
369 |
Li Ching-tê |
341 |
Liu Kung (same) |
370 |
Yeh Ts’ai |
342 |
Hu Chi-sui |
371 |
Wei Liao-Ong |
343 |
Li Tung |
372 |
Wu Lin Ch’uan |
344 |
Wu Yu (Confucian textual |
372a |
Wu Ch’eng (compromise Lu |
|
historian) |
|
Chiu-yüan & Chu Hsi |
345 |
Cheng Chia (same) |
|
phils) |
346Wang Che (f. Taoist Perfect Realization sect in north Khitan conquest state)
347Hui-t’ang Tsu-hsin (Ch’an)
348Ling-yüan Wei-ch’ing (same)
916 • A p p e n d i x 3
Figure 6.5. Neo-Confucian
Orthodoxy and the Idealist
Movement, 1435–1565
1300
373Liu Chi (astron/astrol, skeptic anti-superstition)
374Hsieh Ying Fang (skeptic) 374a Cheng Yü (same as 372a)
1400
375Ts’ao Tuan (skeptic, anti-Buddhist)
376Yang P’u
377Hsieh Hsuan (cm. Neo-Confucian texts)
378Wu Yü-pi
379Hu Chü-jen (faithful Neo-Confucian)
1500
380Lou Liang
381Chan Jo-shui
382Hsü Ai
383Huang Wan
384Ku Yin-hsing
385Ch’ien Te-hung (split in Wang Yang-Ming school)
386Ch’en Ching-lan (orthodox Neo-Confucian, crit. Lu Chiu-yuan and Wang Yang-Ming as Ch’an Buddhism)
Figure 7.1. Network of Japanese
Philosophers, 600–1100: Founding
of Tendai and Shingon
600
1Kwalluk (Buddhist fr. Korea)
2Hui-Kuan (Korean, transmitted Buddhist Satyasiddhi & Madhyamika schools)
635
3Chisu (Japanese priest, transmitted Abhidharma)
4Chitatsu (same)
5Dosho (Japanese priest, transmitted Yogacara)
700
6Gyogi (shamanistic Buddhist)
735
7Kibi-no-Makibi (transmitted Confucianism fr. China)
8Gembo (Japanese priest, st. China)
9Bodhisena (Indian Buddhist monk)
10Tao-hsüan (transmitted Vinaya)
11Shen-huiang (China, transmitted Kegon [Hua-yen])
12Chien-chien (Chinese Vinaya master)
[13]Amoghavajra (tantrist, from China; 254 in Fig. 6.2)
765
[14]Hsiu-jan (Zen, China)
[15]Shun-chia (mantra doctrine [tantrism], China)
[16]Tao-sui (T’ien-t’ai, China; 269
in Fig. 6.2)
[18]Hui-kuo (tantrist, China)
835
19Ennin (systematized Tendai [T’ien-t’ai])
20Enchin f. Tendai esotericism/magic
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 917 |
|
|
865 |
[34] |
Te Kuang (Lin-chi lineage; |
|
21 |
Shobo (Shingon [tantrist] |
|
354 in Fig.6.4) |
|
|
|
|||
|
patriarch, Mtn. Priesthood fr. |
|
1200 |
|
|
Shinto) |
35 |
Jokei (Yogacara, incorp. Zen, |
|
22 |
Sugawara no Michizane |
|||
|
Pure Land nembutsu chanting) |
|||
|
(Confucian) |
|
||
|
36 |
Ryohen (sync. Yogacara, Zen, |
||
|
|
|||
|
935 |
|
nembutsu, Tendai) |
|
23 |
Fujiwara no Arihira |
37 |
Ryozen (or Myozen, Zen) |
|
38 |
Myoe (Kegon, incorp. Zen, |
|||
|
(Confucian) |
|||
|
|
nembutsu) |
||
24 |
Kuya (Tendai, popularized |
|
||
39 |
Kosai (Pure Land sub-split) |
|||
|
Amida devotion) |
|||
|
40 |
Ryukan (same) |
||
25 |
Ryogen (Tendai abbot, Amida |
|||
41 |
Bencho (same) |
|||
|
faith) |
|||
|
42 |
Shoku (same) |
||
|
|
|||
|
965 |
43 |
Shakuen Eicho (Zen synchr. w |
|
26 |
Geshin (Pure Land) |
|
Shingon rituals, Tendai) |
|
44 |
Taiko Gyoyu (esoteric Zen) |
|||
27 |
Kancho (Shingon split) |
|||
45 |
Kakuen Zen |
|||
|
|
|||
|
1000 |
[46] |
T’ien-t’ung Ju-ching (Soto |
|
(Sei Shonagon) Pillow Book |
|
Zen, China; 356 in Fig.6.4) |
||
[47] |
Wu-men Hui-K’ai (koan |
|||
(Lady Murasaki) Tale of Genji |
||||
|
collection; 355 in Fig.6.4) |
|||
|
|
|
||
|
1035 |
[48] |
Wu-chan Shih-fan (Zen, |
|
28 |
Ninkai (Shingon split) |
|
China) |
|
[49] |
Wu-ming Hui-hsing (Zen, |
|||
29 |
Eicho (Yogacara) |
|||
|
China) |
|||
|
|
|
||
|
1100 |
|
1235 |
|
|
|
|
||
30 |
Ryonin (traveling priest, Pure |
50 |
Shinchi Kakushin (Shingon, f. |
|
|
Land) |
|||
|
|
Fuke Zen sect, transmitted |
||
|
|
|
||
Figure 7.2. Expansion of Pure Land |
|
koan collection) |
||
51 |
Kakuzen Ekan (Soto) |
|||
and Zen, 1100–1400 |
||||
52 |
Shotatsu (Pure Land) |
|||
|
|
|||
|
1135 |
[53] |
Hsü-t’ang Chih-yü (Lin-chi |
|
31 |
Kukaban (syncretized Shingon |
|
Zen, China) |
|
|
|
|||
|
& Amida recitation) |
|
1265 |
|
|
1165 |
54 |
Lan-hsi Tao-lung (transmitted |
|
32 |
Fujiwara no Jien (Tendai, |
|
Rinzai [Lin-chi] Zen) |
|
55 |
Wu-hsüeh Tsu-yüan (Chinese |
|||
|
Buddhist phil of history) |
|||
|
|
immigrant, Rinzai Zen) |
||
[33] |
Tou-Ts’ung (China, minor |
|
||
|
|
pupil of Chu Hsi)
918 • A p p e n d i x 3
56Koho Kennichi (son of emperor, sync. Zen and Shingon)
57Gien (Soto Zen)
58Kangan Giin (same)
59Kakushin-ni (Shinran’s daughter, f. True Pure Land headquarters, Kyoto)
60Chozen (Sanron, encyclopedia of all Buddhist schools)
61Shusho (Kegon, biogs of priests)
62Shocho (Shingon, encyc. of ceremonials)
63Kakuzen (Tendai, same)
64Gyonen (Buddhist history)
1300
65Gen-e (Neo-Confucian)
66Watarai Tsuneyoshi (Ise Shinto school)
67Kokan Shiren (Rinzai Zen, history of Japanese Buddhism)
68Shinkyo (Ippen successor)
69Kakunyo (Shinran’s grandson, unified Ikko Pure Land)
1335
70Watarai Iyeyoki (Ise Shinto)
71Gido Shushin (Zen koans and poetry)
72Jakashitsu Genko (wandering monk, Rinka Zen)
1365
73Imbe-no-Masamichi (Shinto/Buddhist syncretism)
Figure 7.3. Zen Artists and Tea
Masters, 1400–1600
1400
74Mansai (Shingon, adviser to shogun)
75Hoshu (Neo-Confucian)
1435
78Ichijo Kanera (Shinto monotheism)
1465
80Keian (Zen, adopted Confucianism)
1535
81Minamimura Baiken (f. Shikoku Neo-Confucian school)
Figure 7.4. Tokugawa Confucian and National Learning Schools, 1600–1835
1600
82Tenkai (Tendai, govt. adviser)
83Ishin Suden (Rinzai Zen, adviser to shogun)
84Nichio (Fuju-fuse sect of Nichiren Buddhism)
(85)Yagyu Munenori (sword master)
1635
86Tani Jichu (Shikoku Neo-Confucian school)
87Hayashi Gaho (official Neo-Confucian school, Edo)
88Matsunaga Sekigo (taught Confucian classics)
[89]Fai-yin T’ang-jing (China, Buddhist)
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 919 |
90 |
Tao-che Ch’ao-yüan (Zen, |
113 |
Miwa Shosai (Wang |
|
from China) |
|
Yang-Ming school |
91 |
Gudo Toshoku (Rinzai Zen) |
|
[Neo-Confucian Idealism]) |
|
1665 |
114 |
Amenomori Hoshu (Kyoto |
|
|
Chu Hsi Neo-Confucian |
|
|
|
|
|
92 |
Mu-an Hsing-T’ao (Zen) |
|
school) |
93 |
Kao-Ch’uan Hsing-tun |
115 |
Hori Keizan (Neo-Confucian) |
|
(Chinese émigré, Zen) |
116 |
Hattori Nankaku (philologist) |
94 |
Dokyo Etan (Rinzai Zen) |
117 |
Dohi Motonari |
95 |
Keichu (Shingon, pioneer of |
|
(Neo-Confucian) |
|
Japanese classics, Shinto) |
|
1735 |
96 |
Yoshikawa Koretaru (Shinto |
|
|
|
|
||
|
compromise with |
118 |
Kada Arimaro (National |
|
Neo-Confucianism) |
|
Learning) |
97 |
Watarai Nobuyoshi (rebirth |
119 |
Yamagata Shunan (Sorai |
|
of Ise Shinto) |
|
school, public policy) |
98 |
Chu Shun-sui (Chinese émigré |
120 |
Ando Toya (Sorai school, |
|
Confucian, Mito school) |
|
literary studies) |
99 |
Asami Keisai (Yamazaki |
121 |
Usami Shinsui (same) |
|
disciple) |
122 |
Hirano Kinka |
100 |
Sato Naokata (same) |
123 |
Watanabe Keian (Sorai school) |
101 |
Hayashi Hoko (hereditary |
124 |
Aoki Konyo (ordered by |
|
head of Edo school) |
|
shogun to learn from Dutch) |
(102) |
Oishi Kuranosuke (leader of |
125 |
Tayasu Munetake (shogun’s |
|
47 ronin) |
|
son, patron of court poetry) |
104 |
Kinoshita Junan (Kyoto |
126 |
Goi Ranju (Kaitokudo |
|
school, liberal Neo-Confucian) |
|
merchant school, naturalism) |
105 |
Ando Seian (Kyoto Chu Hsi |
|
1765 |
|
school) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1700 |
127 |
Inoue Kinga (eclectic Sorai & |
|
|
Jinsai schools) |
|
|
|
|
|
106 |
Ito Togai (son of Ito Jinsai, |
127a |
Katayama Kenzan (same) |
|
systematizer) |
128 |
Hosoi Heishu (same) |
107 |
Goi Jiken (Ito school) |
129 |
Minagawa Kien |
108 |
Miyake Sekian (1st head |
130 |
Yoshida Koton |
|
Kaitokudo merchant school, |
131 |
Yamamoto Hokuzan |
|
Osaka) |
132 |
Gasan Jito (Zen movement) |
109 |
Nakai Shuan (Kaitokudo |
133 |
Hiraga Gennai (Dutch |
|
merchant school) |
|
Learning, Nagasaki) |
110 |
Miwa Shissai (Edo, supported |
134 |
Isobe Dosai |
|
Kaitokudo school) |
135 |
Asada Goryu (astron) |
112 |
Kada no Azumamaro |
137 |
Minagawa Kien (eclectic Chu |
|
(National Learning; Edo court |
|
Hsi & Wang Yang-Ming) |
|
poetry) |
|
|
920 • A p p e n d i x 3
(139)Matsudaira Sadanobu (head of shogunal council; prohibited non-Confucian teachings)
140Nakai Chikuzan (head of Kaitokudo merchant school)
141Nakai Riken (Kaitokudo school)
142Waki Guzan (scientist, Kaitokudo school)
143Hoashi Banri (same)
1800
144Nakai Sekka (Kaitokudo school)
145Oshio Heihachiro (Wang Yang-Ming Idealist)
146Kusama Naokata (history of money)
147Yamagata Banto (Osaka merchant; astron)
148Naka Tenyu (science)
149Hashimoto Sokichi (science)
150Sugita Gempaku (daimyo’s doctor, Dutch Learning)
i 151 Motoori Ohira (son of
Norinaga)
152Ban Nobutomo (Norinaga school)
154Sato Nobuhiro (reformer, Dutch Learning)
155Omura Mitsue (disciple of Kamo Mabuchi)
156Daigu Ryokan (Zen poet-monk, popular Soto)
Figure 7.5. Meiji Westernizers and
the Kyoto School, 1835–1935
1835
157Ogata Koan (f. school of Dutch Learning, Osaka)
158Takeno Choei (summarized Western phils)
159Ninomiya Sontoku (Shinto, Buddhist, Confucian syncretism)
161Yoshida Shoin (reformer, Wang Yang-Ming school)
162Sato Issai (official neo-Confucian at Edo, privately taught Wang Yang-Ming activism)
(163)several leaders of Meiji Restoration
1865
164Fukazawa Yukichi (transmitted Western liberal positivism)
165Nishi Amane (transmitted Brit. Util., Mill, Kant)
166Tsuda Mamichi (transmitted Comte positivism)
168Kato Hiroyuki (materialist evolution)
169Inoue Tetsujiro (1st Japanese phil chair, Tokyo; German Idealism)
170Onishi Hajime (T. H. Green Idealist ethics)
171Kiyozawa Manshi (sync. Hegel & Amidaist Buddhism)
172Nanjo Bunyu (st. Sanskrit; taught Indian phil, Tokyo)
173Raphael von Koeber (E. von Hartmann disciple, taught Tokyo)
174Ernest Fenollosa (H. Spencer evol., taught Tokyo)
175Ludwig Busse (Lotze disciple, taught Tokyo)
176Inouye Enryo (True Pure Land)
1900
177Takakusu Junjiro (Buddhist scholar)
178Kuwaki Gen’yoku (neo-Kantian)
180Tanaka Odo (Dewey instrumentalism)
Figure 8.1. Islamic and Jewish
Philosophers and Scientists,
700–935: Basra and Baghdad
Schools
735
1John of Damascus. (Christian theol, Ummayad court)
2al-AwzaÀi (Syria, f. school of law)
3Yazid ibn-Aban al-Raqashi (theol)
4ÀAmr ibn ÀUbayd (Basra; kalam rational theology)
5al-Muqaffa (Basra, tr., Aristotelean logic)
6Wasil ibn ÀAta (Basra; kalam)
7Jahm b. Safwan (theol, denied free will)
8JaÀfar al-Sadiq (ShiÀite 6th Imam; allegorist, hadith)
9Ibrahim b. Adham (pre-Sufi, pious ritualist ascetic)
10Muqatil ibn Sulayman (allegorical interp. of QurÁan)
765
11Shaqiq al-Balkhi (mystic)
12Jabir b. Hayyan (ShiÀite; mystic, alc)
13RabiÀa al-ÀAdawiya (Basra, freed slave girl; mystic)
Keys to Figures • 921
{14} ÀUmar Ibn al-Farrakhan (Baghdad; astron, astrol)
{15} Kanaka al-Hindi (India, Baghdad; astron, astrol)
{16} Ya-Àqub Ibn Tariq (Baghdad; Hindu astron)
{17} al-Fazari (Kufa, Baghdad; astron)
{18} MashaÀallah (Baghdad; astrol)
19Timotheus (Baghdad; Nestorian Christian patriarch; tr.)
20al-Shaybani (Baghdad jurist)
21Abu-Yusuf (Baghdad jurist; crit. 23 for using kalam)
22Hisham ibn al-Hakam (Kufa, Basra; scriptural literalist)
800
23Bishr al-Marisi (Kufa, Basra, Baghdad; kalam)
24Husayn al-Najjar (followed Dirar)
25Hafs al-Fard (Egypt, Basra; Dirar spokesman vs. Abu-l-Hudhayl)
26Hisham al-Fuwati (Basra MuÀtazilite, atomist)
27Thumama b. Ashras (Baghdad MuÀtazilite; agnostic re. freedom and determinism)
28Abu Musa al-Murdar (Baghdad Mu’tazilite)
29ÀAli al-Aswari (same)
30Abu Bakr al-Asamm (Basra MuÀtazilite)
{32} Habash al-Hasab (head Baghdad astron observatory; trigonometry)
{33} Al-Khwarizmi (Baghdad House of Wisdom; encyclopedia of sciences, *algebra)
922 • A p p e n d i x 3
{34} Yahya ibn Abi Mansur (Zoroastrian convert to Islam; Baghdad court astrologer; astron tables)
{35} al-Jawhari (Baghdad court astron, math)
{36} al-Farghani (Baghdad court astron/astrol)
37Ibn al-Qasim al-Raqqi (Sabian star worshipper, logic)
38Jibril b. Bakhtishu (Jundishapur, medical doctor to Baghdad caliph)
39al-Barmaki (Baghdad court astrol/astron; tr.)
40Theodore (Christian tr.)
42Dhu’l-Nun al-Misri (Egypt Sufi, alc, Coptic Neoplatonist)
43al-Kharkhi (Baghdad Sufi)
44Mansur b. Ammar (same)
45Bishr b. al-Hati (same)
46Abu ÀAli al-Sindi (Hindu convert, mystic)
47Benjamin al-NahÀawendi (Jew, f. karaite rational theol)
835
48Daniel al Qumisi (Jerusalem, Jew, karaite)
49Habbib ibn Bahriz (Christian bishop of Harran, northern Iraq)
50ÀAbd-al-Azzis al-Makki (Baghdad; conserv. hadith, kalam methods for debate)
51Abu YaÀqub al-Shahham (Basra MuÀtazilite head)
52al-Kashini (kalam)
53ÀAbbad b. Sulayman (Basra MuÀtazilite; atomist)
54ÀAmr al-Jahiz (Basra MuÀtazilite; master of Arabic prose; religious essays, nat hist)
55al-Iskafi (Baghdad court MuÀtazilite; crit. Nazzam)
56JaÀfar ibn-Harb (Baghdad court MuÀtazilite)
57Ahmad b. Abi Du’ad (Baghdad MuÀtazilite; chief magistrate of Inquisition)
58al-Qasim ibn-Ibrahim (Imam; infl. by MuÀtazilite)
59JaÀfar ibn Mubashshir (Baghdad MuÀtazilite)
60Ibn NaÀimah al-Himsi (Christian, worked for al-Kindi; tr. Plotinus as “Theology of Aristotle”)
61Yahya ibn al-Bitriq (Baghdad
tr.)
{62} Banu Musa (3 brothers; Baghdad House of Wisdom; astron, astrol, math; organized Greek tr.)
{63} Abu MaÀshar (astrol)
64Yuhanna ibn Masawaih (Jundishapur Christian, 1st head of Baghdad House of Wisdom; tr.)
65al-Harish al-Muhasibi (Basra, Baghdad; kalam combined with law; changed Sufism
from asceticism to mysticism) i 66 al-Saqati (Junayd’s uncle;
initiated him into mysticism)
67Ibn-Karram (Nishapur; f. Karramite sect, anthropomorphic compromise)
68al-Bukhari (main hadith collection)
69Muslim (same)
70Hayuye (Hiwi) al-Balkhi (Jew, Manichaean dualist)
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 923 |
{71} |
al-Tabari (Baghdad; medicine, |
|
converted fr. Sabian star |
|
nat sci, theol) |
|
worship; greatest Islamic |
72 |
Ibn Kallub (hadith/MuÀtazilite |
|
astron*) |
|
compromise) |
90 |
Ibn Zahrun (Sabian star |
|
865 |
|
worshipper, logic, medicine) |
|
{91} |
al-Mahani (Baghdad; math, |
|
|
|
||
73 |
Khalif al-Isfahani (f. legal |
|
astron) |
|
school, literalist; crit. kalam) |
{92} |
Ibn Qutayba (Baghdad; |
74 |
al-Qalanisi (moderate kalam |
|
astron collection) |
|
within hadith literalists) |
93 |
ÀAmr al-Makki (Basra, |
75 |
Abu’l-Husain al-Salihi (Basra |
|
Baghdad Sufi) |
|
MuÀtazilite) |
94 |
al-Shibli (intoxicated Sufi) |
{76} |
Ibn Khurradadhbih (Medina; |
95 |
Sahl al-Tustari (Sufi; God is |
|
geog, music) |
|
light) |
76a |
David al-Mukammas |
96 |
Ibn Salim (Sufi) |
|
(Nisibus/Mesopotamia Jew, |
97 |
al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi (biog. |
|
Rabbinite, MuÀtazilite) |
|
of early Sufis; saint upholds |
77 |
al-Khayyat (Baghdad |
|
universe) |
|
MuÀtazilite head) |
98 |
Abu SaÀid Karraz (Sufi) |
79 |
Ibn al-Rawandi (Baghdad |
|
900 |
|
freethinker) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
80 |
al-Sarakhsi (Baghdad court |
100 |
Abu Sahl al-Nawbakhti |
|
astrol; attacked prophecy) |
|
(ShiÀite doctrine of hidden |
81 |
Abu Yahya al-Marwazi |
|
Imam) |
|
(Syrian Christian, Baghdad; |
101 |
al-Hasan ibn-Musa |
|
logic) |
|
al-Nawbakhti (Imamite) |
82 |
Yuhanna ibn Hailan (Baghdad |
102 |
al-Kulini (canonical Imami |
|
Christian logic; taught |
|
ShiÀi law and hadith) |
|
al-Farabi at Harran) |
{103} |
al-Nayrizi (Baghdad; geom, |
83 |
Ibrahim Quwairi (Baghdad |
|
astron; Euclid) |
|
Christian logic) |
{104} |
Ibn Wahshiyya (Baghdad; |
85 |
Hubaish ibn al-Hasan |
|
medical doctor, biol, alc) |
|
(Baghdad Christian tr.) |
{105} |
Sinan ibn Thabit (Baghdad |
86 |
Ishaq ibn Hunayn (Nestorian |
|
court medical doctor; Sabian |
|
Christian, medical doctor to |
|
forced convert to Islam; |
|
caliph; logic) |
|
astron, math) |
87 |
ÀIsa ibn Yahya (Baghdad |
106 |
al-Iranshari (Indian |
|
Christian; tr medicine) |
|
transmigration doctr.?) |
88 |
Qusta ibn Luqa (Baghdad |
107 |
Ibrahim ibn ÀAbd Allah |
|
Christian medical doctor, |
|
(Baghdad Christian, logic) |
|
visited Byzantium; main rival |
107a |
Abu ÀUthman al-Dimashqi |
|
to Hunayn, tr. Greek math, |
|
(Baghdad medical doctor, |
|
medicine) |
|
Christian convert to Islam; |
{89} |
al-Battani (Albatenius) (same |
|
logic) |
|
home as Thabit ibn Qurra; |
|
|
924 • A p p e n d i x 3
108Abu SaÀid al-Sirafi (jurist, grammarian; public debate vs. Matta’s logic)
109al-KaÀbi (Baghdad MuÀtazilite head; atomism)
110al-Tabari (sum. QurÁan interp.)
111Ibn-Mujahid (definitive QurÁan texts)
112Ibn al-Ayadi (MuÀtazilite; metaphorical attributes of God)
{114} Ahmad Ibn Yusuf (Egypt; math)
{115} Abu Kamil (Egypt; *algebra)
Figure 8.2. AshÀarites, Greek
Falasifa, and the Syntheses of IbnSina and al-Ghazali, 935–1100
935
{116} al-Uqlidisi (Damascus, India travel; arith)
{117} al-Wabisi (Syria; astrol) {118} al-Hamdani (geog, nat sci)
119Abu Sahl al-Su’luki (Nishapur; AshÀarite)
120Abu’l-Hasan al-Bahahi (Basra; AshÀarite)
121Ibn Mujahid (Basra, Baghdad; AshÀarite)
124al-Ajuni (Baghdad Hanbali)
125Ibn Batta al-ÀUkbari (Baghdad, Mecca; Hanbali preacher)
126Ibn al-Samh (Baghdad Christian logic)
{127} Ibrahim ibn Qurra (Baghdad medical doctor; son of 105; math)
{128} Ibn Hibinth (Iraq; astrol) {129} Abu JaÀfar al-Khazim (Rayy
court; astron, math) {130} al-Tabari (Rayy court;
medicine)
131al-Niffari (wandering darvish intoxicated Sufi)
132Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi (moderate kalam)
965
133Abu’l-Layth al-Samarqandi (moderate kalam)
134al-Sarraj (Sufis as branch of Àulama legalists)
135Ibn SamÀun (Baghdad pop. Hanbali preacher, Sufi)
135a Ibn Butta (Hanbali) {136} al-Majusi (Shiraz; medicine,
nat sci)
137Abu Sahl al-Masihi (Christian medical doctor; Baghdad, Khwarizm court)
138al-Mufid (Baghdad, Imamite head)
139Ibn-Babawayh (Baghdad, Rayy; Imamite/MuÀtazilite canon)
140Sahib Ibn-ÀAbbad (Rayy vizier; MuÀtazilite, Imamite)
141ÀAbd-al-Jabbar (Basra, Baghdad; Rayy chief judge; MuÀtazilite)
142al-MuÀayyad (Imam, Rayy; MuÀtazilite)
{143} al-Khujandi (Transoxiana court, Rayy; math, astron)
144Ibn al-Khammar (Jacobite Christian medical doctor;
Baghdad, Khwarizm, Afghanistan)
{145} al-Sufi (Rayy; astron) {146} al-Quhi (Baghdad; math,
astron)
{147} AbuÁl-Wafa al-Buzjani (Baghdad; *Diophantine alg)
148Abu’l Hasan (Basra; author of
Brethren of Purity?)
Keys to Figures • 925
149Abu Ahmad al-Nahrajuri (same)
150al-ÀAufi (same)
151Zaid b. RifaÀa (member or friend of Brethen)
152Ibn al-Nadim (Baghdad bookseller, logic)
153al-Tawhidi (Baghdad; “arch-heretic of Islam”)
154Ibn ZurÀah (Baghdad; medical doctor, tr., logic; accord of philosophy & Christianity)
156Ibn Furak (Basra, Baghdad; Nishapur; AshÀarite attacked karamite anthropomorphists)
{157} Ibn Hauqal (upper
Mesopotamia; geog)
158Japheth b. Ali ha-Levi (al-Basri) (Iraq, Jerusalem; Jew, karaite biblical exegesis;
tr. Bible into Arabic) {159} Ibn Yunus (Cairo; one of
greatest Islamic astron*)
1000
{160} Ibn al-Haitham (Alhazen) (Basra, Cairo; *optics)
160a Ibn Badr (Spain, exiled to Cairo; logic, math)
161Ibn al-Tayyib (Baghdad; Christian medical doctor, Western [al-Farabi] logic)
162Abu-l-Husayn al-Basri (MuÀtazilite attacked Imamites)
163al-Murtada (head Baghdad MuÀtazilite)
164Abd al-Molitian (Baghdad MuÀtazilite)
165al-Natiq Abu Talib (Zaydite Imam, MuÀtazilite)
166Manekdim (Imami, MuÀtazilite)
167Abd-al-Qahir al-Baghdadi (Nishapur; AshÀarite, attacked anthropomorphists; math)
169 al-Sulami (Nishapur; 1st register of Sufis)
169a Abu’l-Qasim al-Qushayri (Nishapur; scholastic Sufi)
{170} al-Karaji (Baghdad; *algebra) {171} Abu Nasr Mansur ibn Iraq
(Khwarizm, Afghanistan; math, astron)
{172} al-Sijzi (Iran, Baghdad; geom, astron, astrol)
{173} al-Biruni (Khwarizm, Ghazna; *astron, geog)
{174} Kushyar (astron, math)
175Abu Ishaq al-Kazaruni (Persia; pop. Sufi preacher)
176AbiÁl-Khayr (Sufi)
177Ibn Hamid (Baghdad; Hanbali)
1035
178al-Tusi (Baghdad; MuÀtazilite head)
179Abu-Rashid (dispute betw. Baghdad & Basra MuÀtazilites)
180Ibn al-Walid (Baghdad; logic)
181Ibn Butlan (Cairo; Christian, medical doctor, logic)
182Ibn Ridwan (Cairo; Ibn Sina medicine)
183al-Mubashshir (Alexandria; medicine, logic)
184Joseph al-Basir (Mesopotamia; Jew, karaite/MuÀtazilite)
185Jeshua b. Judah (Palestine; Jew, karaite, MuÀtazilite exegete)
186Abu-YaÀla (Baghdad; Hanbali, kalam method)
926 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
187 |
Abu-JaÀfar (Baghdad; |
208 |
al-Zamakhshari (Baghdad, |
|
Hanbali, mob inciter vs. |
|
Khwarizm; |
|
MuÀtazilites) |
|
MuÀtazilite/philology) |
188 |
Abu-Nasr al-Qushayri |
209 |
Zain al-Din al-Jurjani (Persia; |
|
(Nishapur; AshÀarite kalam) |
|
medicine, logic; wrote |
{189} |
al-Nasawi (Baghdad; geom, |
|
Persian) |
|
Hindu arith) |
{210} |
al-Khazini (Iran Seljuk court; |
190 |
al-Hujwiri (routinized Sufi |
|
astron, *mechanics) |
|
theol, biogs.) |
211 |
Ahmad al-Ghazali (Sufi, |
191 |
al-Farmadhi (Sufi) |
|
Platonist) |
192 |
Ibn al-Marzuban (disciple of |
{212} |
Ibn al-Tilmidh (Baghdad; |
|
Ibn Sina) |
|
medicine, pharmacy, logic) |
193 |
minor disciples of Ibn Sina |
|
1135 |
194 |
Bahmanyar (Persia, |
|
|
|
al-ÀAinzarbi (Baghdad, Cairo; |
||
|
Zoroastrian) |
213 |
|
195 |
al-Bayhaqi (Nishapur; |
|
medicine, logic) |
|
AshÀarite/MuÀtazilite; sync. |
{214} |
Ibn al-Salah (Baghdad, |
|
Karramite anthropomorphism |
|
Damascus; medicine, astrol, |
|
& MuÀtazilites) |
|
astron, math) |
|
1065 |
215 |
Ibn-Hubayra (Baghdad; |
|
|
Hanbali) |
|
|
ÀAbdullah al-Ansari |
|
|
196 |
216 |
Ibn al-Jawzi (same, polymath) |
|
|
(Afghanistan; f. Sufi order; |
217 |
Ahmad al-Yawavi (Anatolia; |
|
anti-kalam) |
|
f. Sufi order, dancing |
198 |
al-Tabrisi (Imamite theol) |
|
darvishes) |
201 |
Ibn ÀAqil (Baghdad, Hanbali |
218 |
ÀAbd al-Qahir al-Suhrawardi |
|
moderate) |
|
(Sufi) |
202 |
Abu-l-Faraj (f. Hanbali school |
219 |
Ahmad al-RifaÀi (Iraq; f. |
|
in Damascus, kalam) |
|
fanatical Sufi order) |
203 |
Abu-l-Yasr al-Pazdawi |
220 |
ÀAbdulqadir Gilani (al-Jilani) |
|
(Bukhara, kalam) |
|
(Sufi ecstatic) |
Figure 8.3. Mystics, Scientists, and |
{221} |
al-SamawÀal (Baghdad, Jew, |
|
|
medicine, math) |
||
Logicians, 1100–1400 |
i 222 |
Isaac ibn Ezra (son of |
|
|
1100 |
|
Abraham ibn Ezra of Spain |
|
|
[Fig. 8.5]; Jew, convert to |
|
|
|
|
|
204 |
Najm al-Din al-Nasafi |
|
Islam) |
|
(Maturidite kalam) |
223 |
al-Sawi (Persia; defended Ibn |
205 |
Abu-MuÀin al-Nasafi |
|
Sina logic vs. Abu-l-Barakat) |
|
(Maturidite creed, kal.) |
224 |
al-Gawnawi (Persia; astron, |
206 |
Ibn Barraja (eastern Persia; |
|
crit. Abu-l-Barakat logic) |
|
Sufi) |
225 |
Majd al-Din al-Jili |
207 |
Yusuf al-Hamadani (f. Sufi |
i 226 |
father of Fakhruddin Razi (st. |
|
order, Transox.) |
|
Nishapur) |
227SanÁai (1st great Sufi poet; Afghanistan)
1165
228al-Ushi (Maturidite creed, kalam)
229Abu-Hafs al-Suhrawardi (f. Sufi “monastic” order)
230al-Qatta (Baghdad; logic, geom)
{231} al-Jazani (Baghdad court; machinery)
1200
232Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili (Tunis, Alexandria; f. Sufi order)
233Saif al-Din al-Amidi (Baghdad, Cairo, Damascus; logic, theol)
(234)Ibn al-Farid (Egy; Sufi poet)
235Najmuddin Kubra (Bukhara; f. Sufi order)
i 236 Rumi’s father
237 Sa’ddudin HammuÀi (Sufi)
(238)SaÀdi (Baghdad, Shiraz; Sufi, most pop. Persian poet)
239Yaqut al Hamawi (Baghdad bookseller, encyclopedist)
i 240 Dia al-Din MasÀud (Shiraz medical doctor)
241ÀAbd al-Latif (Baghdad, Cairo; deserted eastern for western logic)
242Kamal al-Din ibn Yunus (Baghdad; eastern [Ibn Sina]
logic, math)
i 243 Qutb al-Din al-Masri
(244)ÀAttar (Nishapur; major Sufi poet)
245al-Kashi (Persia; western logic)
246MuÀin al-Din Chisti (India; Sufi)
Keys to Figures • 927
{247} al-Samarqandi (medical doctor)
1235
248al-Abhari (st. Mausil, Arbela; eastern [Ibn Sina] logic)
249Sadr al-Din al-Qunyawi (chief disciple of Ibn al-ÀArabi)
250Hafiz al-Din al-Nasafi (Persia; Hanafite)
251Shams-e Tabriz (wandering Sufi radical)
252al-Nakhjuwani (Aleppo; medicine, eastern logic)
253Ibn al-Lubudi (Aleppo; medicine, eastern logic, astron, math)
{254} al-Maghribi (Syria; astron, astrol, trig)
255Ahmad al-Badawi (Egy; f. pop. Sufi order)
256Ibn al-ÀAssal (Cairo; eastern logic)
257al-Khunaji (Cairo; judge, western logic)
258al-Urmawi (Mausil, Persia;
handbook western logic) {259} al-Tifashi (Cairo; phys,
minerology)
{260} Baylak al-Qibjaqi (Cairo; clocks, minerology)
1265
261Ibn Kammunah (last Jewish phil. in east, converted to Islam; driven from Baghdad by pop. disturbance; medicine, logic)
262Ibn Wasil al-Hamawi (Syria, Cairo; western logic)
263Butrus ibn al-Rahib (Cairo; Coptic Christian, anti-logic)
928 • A p p e n d i x 3
264Ibn al-Nafis (Damascus, Cairo; medicine, western logic vs. Ibn Sina)
265Ibn al-Hanhas (Aleppo, Cairo; logic)
266Bar Hebraeus (Syria; converted Jew, Christian bishop; logic)
{267} Ibn al-Quff (al-Karaki) (Damascus; medicine, physiol)
268ÀIraqi (ecstatic Sufi poet)
269al-Astarabadhi (grammarian, logic)
270Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi (Persia; assimilates eastern logic to disputation)
271al-Qazwini al-Katibi (Persia; eastern logic, cosmol, geog)
272al-Shahrazuri (Persia; logic)
273al-Hilli (Iraq, theol, eastern logic)
274al-Baydawi (Shiraz, Tabriz; theol)
1300
275Nizamuddin Awliya (India, Persia, f. Sufi order)
276Hajji Bektash (f. Sufi order, Anatolia)
277al-Simnani (f. Sufi order Iran, central Asia)
278al-Tustari (reconciled eastern & western logic)
{279} Kamal al-Din al-Farisi (Tabriz; *optics, math)
280al-Qunawi (Persia; eastern logic)
{282} al-Umawi (Damascus; arith)
283al-Juzjani (Cairo; logic, language, jurisprudence)
1335
284Aaron ben Elija (Cairo, Constantinople; Jew, karaite, atomist)
285Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Tilimsani (N. Africa, logic)
286Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyah
(Damascus, jurist; attacked logic)
{287} Ibn al-Shatir (Damascus; astron)
{288} al-Khalili (Damascus; astron)
289al-Tahtani (Persia, reconciled eastern & western logic)
290al-Iji (Shiraz; theol handbk.)
1365
291Sayyid Haydar al-Amuli (Iraq, Iran; ShiÀism/ Sufi)
292Ibn Mubarakshah (Persia, Egypt; astron; logic handbks.)
293ÀAli ibn Muhammad al-Jurjani (Shiraz; theol, logic)
294Bahauddin Naqshband (f. Sufi secret order, Iran, central Asia)
295al-Taftazani (Samarqand; Ash’arite logic handbooks)
296al-Khidri (theol, logic)
297al-Harawi (Persia; logic)
1400
298Qadi Zadah (Samarqand; math, astron, logic)
{299} al-Kashi (Samarqand; *astron, trig)
{300} Ulugh Beg (Samarqand ruler; *astron)
301Muhammad ibn Marzuq al-Tilimsani (logic, theol)
302Shams al-Din al-Husaini (logic)
303Muhammad al-Husaini (Persia, logic)
304al-Fanari (Persia, theol, logic)
305Nur al-Din al-Jurjani (logic handbk)
306Hajji Pasha al-Aidini (Egypt, medicine, logic)
307Ibn al-Shihnah (Aleppo, Damascus; Hanbali logic)
Continuation to 1500 (not shown in Figure 8.3)
1435
308al-Sanusi (western Algeria; Sufi; theol, logic textbk.)
{309} al-Qalasadi (Granada, Tunis; arith, alg)
310Mulla Khusraw al-Tarasusi (Ottoman adviser, logic)
311ÀAla al-Din al-Tusi (Anatolia, Persia; logic; isolated attempt to mediate Averroës’s rebuttal of Ghazali)
312ÀAbdulkarim Jili (Sufi systematizer)
313al-Bitlisi (logic)
314DaÀud al-Shirwani (Persia; theol, logic)
315al-Rikabi (Persia; logic)
316al-ÀAjami (same)
317al-Hanafi (theol, logic)
318al-Nisaburi (theol, logic)
319al-Kafiyaji (theol, logic)
320Jalauddin Davani (al-Dawwani) (Shiraz; Sufi; logic cm.)
1465
321al-Maibudi (Persia; logic)
322Mahmud al-Shirazi (Persia; logic; theol controversy)
323Jami (Afghanistan; last great Sufi poet; theosophy)
324al-Ansari (jurist; logic)
Keys to Figures • 929
325Mulla Lutfi (Ottoman official, logic)
326al-Shirwani al-Rumi (sterile logic cm.)
327al-Talishi (logic)
328al-ShafÀi al-Biqa’i (Persia; encyclopedist, logic)
329Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi (Persia; theol, logic)
330al-Abiwardi (Persia; logic)
331al-Farisi (same)
332al-Tabrizi (same)
333ÀAbd al-Ghafur al-Lari (Persia; theol, philol, logic)
Figure 8.4. Islamic and Jewish
Philosophers in Spain, 900–1065
935
1Ibn-Massara (f. Almeria school; MuÀtazilite, Sufi, numerology)
(2)Hasdai ibn Shaprut (Córdoba court official, medicine; patron of Jewish intellectuals)
(3)Menahem b. Saruq (Córdoba; Jew; poet, Hebrew grammarian)
(4)Dunash b. Labrat (Jew; st. Babylon; Córdoba; new grammar & poetic style)
965
(5)Judah ibn Seset (Jew; disciple of 4)
(6)Isaac b. Capron (Jew;
Córdoba; poet, grammarian)
7Moses b. Enoch (Jew; fr. Babylon Acad.; f. Córdoba
rabbinical acad.)
{8} Ibrahim ibn Yaqub (Jew, merchant traveler, geog)
9al-Majriti (Córdoba; astron, geom, magic)
930 • A p p e n d i x 3
10Muhammad ibn ÀAbdun (st. Baghdad; medical doctor to Córdoba caliph; western logic)
{11} Ibn Juljul (Córdoba; medicine, pharm)
{12} al-Zahrawi (same)
1000
13al-Hammar (logic; exiled)
14Ibn Badr (exiled to Cairo; logic, math)
15Ibn al-Baghunish (st. Córdoba; Toledo medicine;
western logic, geom)
{16} Ibn al-Samh (astron, astrol) {17} Ibn al-Saffar (same)
{18} Ibn al-Khayyat (same) 20 Rabbi Hanok b. Mose (Córdoba Jew)
(21)Judah b. David Huyyuy (Córdoba Jew; Hebrew
grammarian)
22al-Kirmani (transmitted Pure Brethren texts to Saragossa)
1035
(23)Johan ibn Yanah (st. Lucena; Saragossa; peak of Hebrew grammar)
24 Samuel ibn Negrella (Córdoba Jew; Granada vizier; poet, theol)
{25} Ibn MuÀad al-Jayyani (Córdoba; *math & astron)
26al-Darimi (medicine, western logic, geom)
{27} Ibn Wafid (Toledo;
pharmacy)
Figure 8.5. Spain, 1065–1235: The
Hinge of the Hinge
1065
{28} al-Zaqali (Toledo, Córdoba; astron, instrument maker)
29Isaac al-Fasi (Fez, Córdoba; Jew; head Lucena Academy)
30Isaac b. Baruq (Córdoba, Seville Jew; astron, theol)
31Isaac ibn Gayyat (Jew; head Lucena Acad.)
32Joseph ibn Samuel (son of 24)
1100
33Abu al-ÀAbbas b. al-ÀArif (Almeria Sufi)
34Rabbi Joseph Ibn Sahl (Córdoba Jew; judge)
35Moses ibn Ezra (Granada, Lucena, Córdoba; Jew; eclectic Neoplatonist; poet)
(36)Judah Levi (Córdoba Jew; poet)
37Joseph ibn Megas (Jew; head Lucena Acad.)
38Baruc b. Isaac al-Balia (Lucena Jew; son of 30; sci, phil)
39Ibn Hasdai (Spain, Egypt; medicine, logic)
40Abu’l-Salt (Seville, Cairo; medicine, logic)
41Abraham bar Hiyya (Barcelona Jew; astron/astrol, Neoplatonist/Arist; tr. Arab sci into Latin)
1135
43Plato of Tivoli (Barcelona; Christian tr.)
45Ibn al-Imam
46Ibn Zuhr (or Avenzoar) (Seville; medicine, logic, phil)
{47} Jabir ibn Aflah (or Geber) (Seville; revised Ptolemy)
48Meir b. Joseph ibn Megas (Jew; migrated to Toledo after Almohad conquest; son of 37)
|
1165 |
i 48b |
son of 47 |
49Judah ibn Tibbon (Jew; southern France; tr.)
50Joseph ibn Aknin (Fez Jew; favorite disciple of
Maimonides)
{51} al-Bitruji (or Alpetragius) (Seville; *astron, alternative to Ptolemy)
52Ibn Bundud (Córdoba jurist, logic; cm. Averroës)
53Ibn Tumlus (Córdoba medical doctor to caliph; western logic)
54Abu Madyan (Morocco Sufi)
1200
55Abraham b. Moses Maimonides (Egypt; son of Maimonides; relig. pietist)
56Samuel ibn Tibbon (Jew, southern France, Toledo, Barcelona, Alexandria; Maimonidist)
1235
57Ibn SabÀin (Granada court; Aristotelean turned Sufi)
Figure 9.3. Christian Philosophers,
1000–1200: Forming the
Argumentative Network
1000
1Gerbert of Aurillac (Catalonia, Rome; pope; math)
2Fulbert (f. Chartres school)
Keys to Figures • 931
4Anselm of Besate (Parma, Burgundy, Germany)
5Gerard Czanad (Italy, France; anti-phil)
1035
3 Berengar of Tours
6Otloh of St. Emmeran (Regensburg; anti-phil)
7Constantius Africans (tr. medicine; Monte Cassino)
1065
8Bruno of Segni (Monte Cassino)
9Manegold of Lautenbach (Paris; anti-phil)
10Gilbert Crespin (England)
11Ralph of Laon
12Anselm of Laon
13Gaunilo (monastery near Tours)
14Garlandus Composita (dialectician; Liege, England, Besançon)
15John the Sophist (Tours)
16Yves of Chartres (canon lawyer)
17Odo of Tournai
1100
18Adelard of Bath (tr.; Tours, Laon, Sicily, Toledo?)
19Walter of Mortagne (Paris)
20Josselin of Soissons
21Arnold of Brescia (Paris)
22Honorius of Autun
23William of St. Thierry (Cistercian)
24William of Conches (Paris)
25Thierry of Chartres
26Isaac of Stella (Cistercian)
27Rupert of Deutz
932 • A p p e n d i x 3
28Adam of St. Victor (hymn writer)
29Otto of Freising
1135
30Alcher of Clairvaux (Cistercian)
31Hermann Judaeus
32Irenerius (Bologna; law)
33Gratian (Bologna; canon law)
34Bandino (Italy)
35Gandolfus (Bologna)
37Peter of Poitiers (Paris)
38Simon of Tournai (Paris)
39Peter Comester (Paris)
40Odo of Soissons (Paris)
41Robert of Melun (near Paris)
42Robert Pullen (Oxford)
43Adam of Petit Pont (Paris)
44Nicolas of Amiens
45Jean Beleth
46Bernard Silvestris (Tours)
47Clarembald of Arras
48Hermann of Carinthia (tr., Toulouse, Toledo?)
49Gerard of Cremona (tr., Toledo)
50John of Seville (tr., Toledo)
1165
51Raoul Ardent (Paris)
52Peter the Chanter (Paris)
53Alexander of Neckham (Paris, Oxford, nat sci)
54Walter of St. Victor
55Prévostin of Cremona
(56)Joachim of Floris (Cistercian abbot, Calabria; eschatological prophecies)
57Godfrey of St. Victor (historian)
58Amaury of Bènes (Paris, pantheist)
Figure 9.4. Franciscan and
Dominican Rivalries, 1200–1335
1200
59David of Dinant (materialist pantheist)
60Ralph of Longo Campo
61Jacques de Vitry (Augustinian friar)
62Stephen Langton
63Thomas Gallo of Vercelli (St. Victor; mysticism)
66Michael Scotus (Toledo Palermo, Rome; astrol; tr. Averroës)
(67)Jordan of Saxony (Padua, Bologna; Dominican general)
68Gerard of Abbeville (Paris, theol)
69Adam Marsh (Oxford, Franciscan)
70Thomas of York (Oxford, Franciscan)
71Peter of Maricourt (Paris)
72Richard of Cornwall (Paris, Oxford)
73John of Rochelle (Paris)
74William of Auxerre (Paris theol)
75Robert of Curcon (Paris; univ. chancellor)
76Philip of Greve (Paris; theol)
77Johannes Pagus
78Alfred of Sareschel (nat sci, England)
79Adam Pulchrae Mulieri (nat sci)
1235
80Richard Fishacre (Oxford, Dominican, Aristotelean)
81Robert Bacon (Oxford, Dominican)
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 933 |
82 |
John of Garland (Paris, |
102 |
Bombolognus of Bononia |
|
grammar) |
|
(Dominican) |
83 |
Nicolas of Paris (logic) |
103 |
Romanus of Rome |
84 |
Eustachius of Arras |
|
(Dominican) |
|
(Franciscan) |
|
1265 |
85 |
Walter of Bruges (Paris, |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Franciscan) |
104 |
Campanus of Novara |
86 |
William of Hothun (Paris, |
|
(Bologna, Paris, Rome; math) |
|
Oxford; Dominican |
105 |
Ulrich of Strasbourg |
|
Thomist) |
|
(Cologne, Strasbourg; |
87 |
Richard of Clapwell (Paris, |
|
Dominican Neoplatonist) |
|
Oxford; Dominican Thomist) |
106 |
Dietrich of Freiberg (Cologne, |
88 |
William of Shyreswood or |
|
Paris; Dominican) |
|
Sherwood (Oxford, Paris? |
107 |
Hugh Ripelin of Strasbourg |
|
logic) |
|
(Cologne; Dominican |
89 |
Lambert of Auxerre (Paris; |
|
Neoplatonist) |
|
Dominican; logic) |
108 |
John of Fribourg |
90 |
William Arnauld (Toulouse; |
109 |
John of Geneo (Italy; |
|
logic) |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
91 |
Raymond of Pennaforte |
110 |
Durandellus (Italy; Dominican |
|
(Bologna, Barcelona; |
|
Thomist) |
|
Dominican general) |
111 |
Humbert of Frulli (Italy; led |
92 |
Thomas of Chantimpré |
|
Cisterians into Thomist |
|
(Louvain, Paris; Dominican, |
|
camp) |
|
sci encyclopedia) |
112 |
Peter of Auvergne (Paris |
93 |
William of Moerbeke (tr.; |
|
rector; secular Thomist) |
|
papal court, Viterbo; Greece) |
113 |
Bernard of Treilles (France; |
94 |
Witelo (Paris, Padua, Viterbo; |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
|
nat sci) |
114 |
Bernard of Auvergne (France; |
95 |
Henry Bate of Malines (nat |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
|
sci; secretary of princes) |
115 |
Bernard of Claremont |
96 |
Barthomaus Anglicus |
|
(France; Dominican |
|
(encyclopedist) |
|
Thomist) |
97 |
Vincent of Beauvais (Paris, |
116 |
Hannibaldus of Hannibaldus |
|
Beauvais; Dominican |
|
(Italy; Dominican Thomist) |
|
encyclopedist) |
117 |
Remigio dei Girolami (Italy; |
98 |
Roland of Cremona |
|
Dominican Thomist; alleged |
|
(Dominican) |
|
teacher of Dante) |
99 |
Hugh of St. Cher |
118 |
William de la Mare |
|
(Dominican) |
|
(Franciscan) |
100 |
John Pungens-Asinum |
119 |
John of Paris (Dominican, |
|
(Dominican) |
|
Thomist) |
101Peter of Tarantaise (Dominican; Pope Innocent V)
934 • A p p e n d i x 3
120Giles of Lessines (Dominican, Thomist)
121Bernier of Nivelles (Averroist)
122Roger of Marston (Oxford, Cambridge, Franciscan primate of England)
123Boethius of Dacia (Paris, Averroist)
124Jacob of Viterbo (Paris, Naples; Thomist)
125Richard of Middleton (Paris, Oxford; Franciscan; anti-Thomist)
126William of Ware (Oxford)
127Gonsalvus of Spain (Franciscan general)
128Radulphus Brito (Paris; logic)
129Hervé Nedellec (Hervaeus Natalis) (Dominican Thomist)
130Jacques of Metz (Dominican)
131Gerhard of Bologna (Paris; Carmelite; Thomist anti-Scotist)
132John of Naples (Avignon; Dominican Thomist)
133Tolomeo di Lucca (Naples; Dominican Thomist)
134Berthold of Mosburg (Cologne)
1300
135Peter of Palude (Avignon; Dominican Thomist)
136James of Lausanne (Paris; Dominican Thomist)
137Guido Terreni (Carmelite; Thomist anti-Scotist)
(138)Michael of Cesena (Paris, Avignon; Franciscan general)
139Francis of Marchia (Paris, Avignon, emperor’s court; Franciscan; nat sci)
140Thomas Wylton (Oxford, Merton; Paris)
141Henry of Harclay (Paris; Oxford chancellor; atomist)
142William of Alnwick (Scotist)
143Francis of Meyronnes (Paris, England, Avignon; Franciscan, leading Scotist)
144John of Basel (Scotist and Nominalist)
145Thomas of Sutton (Oxford; Dominican Thomist, anti-Scotist)
146William of Macklesfield (Dominican Thomist)
147Walter Chatton (Oxford, Avignon; Franciscan; atomist)
148Gerard of Odo (Paris; Franciscan general)
149Vital du Four (traditional Augustinian)
150William of Falgar (Franciscan)
151Nicholas of Ockham (Franciscan)
152Robert of Orford (Oxford; Dominican Thomist)
153Simon of Favesham (Oxford)
154Geoffrey of Hasphall (Paris, Oxford; logic)
155Bartholomy of Bologna (Paris theol; Bologna)
156James of Douai (Paris Aristotelean)
157Martin of Dacia (Paris theol)
158Adénulfe of Agnani (Paris logic)
159Richard of Winchelsea (England; nat sci)
160Henry of Wile (England; nat sci)
161Gilbert of Seagrove (England; nat sci)
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 935 |
162 |
Roger Swineshead |
183 |
Nicolas of Strasbourg |
|
(Benedictine, Glastonbury) |
|
(Cologne Albertist |
163 |
Siger of Courtrai (Paris; |
|
Neoplatonist) |
|
logic) |
184 |
John of Lichtenberg (Cologne; |
164 |
Nicolas Trivet (Oxford; |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
185 |
Henry of Lubeck (Cologne; |
165 |
Hugh of Castro Novo |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
|
(Scotist) |
186 |
Thomas of Erfurt |
166 |
Antonius Andreas (Scotist) |
|
(grammarian) |
167 |
John of Reading (Oxford; |
187 |
John Aurifaber (Erfurt, |
|
Franciscan; Scotist |
|
logic) |
|
anti-Ockham) |
|
|
168 |
Richard Rolle of Hampole |
Figure 9.5. Jewish Philosophers |
|
|
(mystic hermit poet) |
within Christendom, 1135–1535: |
|
169 |
Nicolas Bonet (Paris; nat |
Maimonidists, Averroists, and |
|
|
sci) |
Kabbalists |
|
170 |
Siegbert of Beck (Carmelite; |
|
1135 |
|
Thomist) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
171 |
John of Jandun (Paris; |
1 |
Yehuda ben Barzilai |
|
quasi-Averroist) |
|
(Barcelona) |
172 |
Peter of Abagno (Padua, |
2 |
Abraham ben Isaac of |
|
Paris; medicine, Averroist?) |
|
Narbonne (Provence) |
173 |
William Peter of Godin |
3 |
Samuel the Hasid (Speyer, f. |
|
(Avignon; Dominican |
|
Hasidism) |
|
Thomist) |
|
1165 |
174 |
Armand of Belvezer (France; |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Dominican Thomist) |
4 |
Jehudah the Hasid (Worms |
175 |
Bernard Lombardi (France; |
|
Hasidist) |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
5 |
Abraham ben David (or |
176 |
Durand of Aureliaco (France; |
|
Rabad) (f. Kabbalah school, |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
|
Provence) |
177 |
Augustinus Triumphus (Paris, |
6 |
Jacob ha-Nazir |
|
Padua; Augustinian; |
[49 Fig. 8.5] Judah ibn Tibbon (fled |
|
|
Thomist) |
|
Spain in Almohad invasion to |
178 |
Angelo of Arezzo (Bologna; |
|
southern France; tr.) |
|
Averroist) |
|
1200 |
179 |
Taddeo of Parma (Bologna; |
|
|
|
|
||
|
medicine; Averroist) |
7 |
Isaac the Blind (Narbonne |
180 |
Michael of Massa |
|
school of Kabbalah) |
|
(Augustinian; nat phil) |
8 |
Eleazar ben Jehudah (Worms |
181 |
John of Sterngasse (Cologne |
|
Hasidist) |
|
Albertist Neoplatonist) |
|
|
182Gerhard of Sterngasse (Cologne Albertist Neoplatonist)
936 • A p p e n d i x 3
[56 Fig. 8.5] Samuel ibn Tibbon (Toledo, Barcelona, southern France, Alexandria; tr. Maimonides into Hebrew)
1235
9Moses ben Nahman (Nahmanides) (Gerona, near Barcelona; Kabbalah)
10Ezra Ben Solomon (Catalonia; Kabbalah)
11Azriel (Catalonia; Kabbalah)
12Jacob ben Makhir Ibn Tibbon (Marseille/Montpellier, tr., astron)
13Joseph Anatoli (Naples, tr.)
14Hillel ben Samuel (Italy; Maimonidist, Thomist)
1265
15Moses Ibn Tibbon (Jew; Montpellier, Naples; Averroist)
16Isaac Albalog (Catalonia; Averroist)
17Shentob Falaquera (Jew; tr.; Maimonidist)
18Salomon Ibn Adreth (Barcelona; Kabbalah)
19Joseph Gikatila (Spain; Kabbalah)
20Todros Abulafia (Toledo; Kabbalah)
1300
21Joseph ibn Wakkar (Toledo, reconciled Kabbalah and phil)
22Meir ben Solomon Ibn Sahula (Barcelona; Kabbalah)
23Joseph ibn Kaspi (Spain, Maimonidist, Averroist)
24Judah ibn Tibbon (Montpellier; Maimonidist)
25Yeda’ya Bedersi (southern France; Scotist)
1335
26Moses of Narbonne (tr.; Maimonidist, Averroist)
1365
27Themo Judaei (Nominalist, nat sci)
1400
28Simon Duran (Maimonidist)
29Shentob ibn Shentob (Spain; anti-phil, anti-Maimonidist)
1435
30Joseph ben Shentob (Spain; Aristotelean, Maimonidist)
1465
31Shentob ibn Shentob (Spain; defended Maimonides vs. Crescas)
32Isaac Aburbanel (Spain; defended Maimonides vs. Crescas & Albo; attacked rationalism of Gerson & 26)
33Isaac Arama (Spain; Kabbalah)
1500
34Judah Leo Aburbanel (Italy; Platonist)
Figure 9.6. Scholastics, Mystics,
Humanists, 1335–1465
1335
188Richard Fitz-Ralph (Oxford Balliol, Ireland; Averroist/Augustine sync.)
189Richard Kilvington (Oxford)
(190)Richard de Bury (bishop of Durham; London patron)
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 937 |
191 |
Walter Burley (Oxford |
211 |
John Tauler (Cologne; mystic, |
|
Merton, Paris, Avignon; |
|
Dominican) |
|
realist, anti-Nominalist; logic, |
212 |
John Ruysbroeck |
|
nat sci) |
|
(Netherlands; mystic) |
192 |
William Heytesbury (Oxford |
213 |
Barotolus of Sassoferato |
|
Merton; Nominalist logic, |
|
(Italy) |
|
kinematics) |
214 |
Hugolin of Orvieta (nat sci; |
193 |
Richard Swineshead (Oxford |
|
anti-phil) |
|
Merton; logic, math) |
215 |
Guy of Rimini (Bologna) |
194 |
Ralph Strode (Oxford |
216 |
Paulus Perusinus (Averroist) |
|
Merton; Nominalist logic) |
|
1365 |
195 |
Richard Billingham (Oxford |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Merton; Nominalist) |
217 |
Walter Hilton (England; |
196 |
John Dumbleton (Oxford |
|
Augustinian; mystic) |
|
Merton; mechanics) |
218 |
Richard of Lavenham |
197 |
John Bode (Oxford Merton) |
|
(Oxford; Carmelite) |
198 |
Richard of Campbell (Oxford |
219 |
Marsilius of Inghen (Paris, |
|
Merton; logic) |
|
Heidelberg; Nominalist) |
199 |
Richard Brinkley (Franciscan; |
220 |
Henry of Hainbuch (Paris, |
|
Nominalist) |
|
Toledo; Nominalist) |
200 |
Robert Fland (Oxford) |
221 |
Henry of Oyta (Paris, Toledo; |
201 |
John of Baconthorp (England; |
|
Nominalist) |
|
anti-Averroist) |
222 |
Peter of Candia (Paris, |
202 |
Adam Woodham (Oxford, |
|
Oxford; Franciscan; Pope |
|
London; Franciscan; |
|
Alexander V; eclectic |
|
Ockhamist) |
|
tolerance) |
203 |
Robert Holkot (Cambridge |
223 |
Baldus of Ubaldus (Bologna, |
|
Dominican; Ockhamist |
|
Pisa, Padua; law) |
|
Nominalist) |
224 |
Bonsembiante of Padua |
204 |
Peter of Aquila (Scotist) |
225 |
John of Legnano (Bologna; |
205 |
Landolphe of Carraciolo |
|
law, theol) |
|
(Scotist) |
(227) |
Gerhard Groot (Netherlands; |
206 |
André de Neufchateau |
|
f. Brethren of Common Life) |
207 |
Peter Ceffons (Paris; |
(228) |
Florentinus Radevynszoon |
|
Cistercian) |
|
(same) |
208 |
John of Ripa (Paris; |
229 |
St. Catherine of Siena (mystic |
|
Franciscan; indep. Scotist, |
|
raptures) |
|
Nominalist) |
(230) |
Giovanni di Conversino |
209 |
Thomas of Strasbourg |
|
(Padua; Humanist) |
|
(Augustinian general; indep. |
(231) |
Manual Chrysoloras |
|
Thomist) |
|
(Byzantium, Florence; |
210 |
Henry Suso (Constance, |
|
Humanist) |
|
Cologne; mystic, Dominican) |
252 |
John Rodington (Oxford; |
|
|
|
Franciscan; Scotist) |
938 • A p p e n d i x 3
253John Capreolus (Paris, Toulouse; Dominican revived Thomism; crit. Scotism Nominalism)
254Raymond Sebond (Toulouse; Lullist)
255Henry of Gorkum (Cologne; Dominican Thomist)
1400
256John Schoonhoven (defended Ruysbroeck’s mysticism)
259Jerome of Prague
260Theodore of Gaza (Italy, tr. Aristotle)
261Gemistus Pletho (Humanist, Byzantium, Florence, revived Platonist religion)
262Guarino of Verona (Constantinople, Padua, Florence, Ferrara; Humanist Greek tr.)
263Vittorino da Feltre (Mantua, Humanist educ reform)
264Paul of Venice (Oxford, Paris, Padua; Averroist, sci, logic)
1435
265Paul of Perugia (Padua, Venice; Averroist)
266Gaetano di Tiene (Padua, Averroist)
267Henry of Kamper (Cologne; Dominican Thomist)
268Denis the Carthusian (Cologne; Thomist, Neoplatonist mystic, anti-Nominalist, anti-Scotist)
269Hendrik Herp (Netherlands, mystic theol)
270St. Catherine of Bologna (mystic vision Scotist)
(271)Enea Silvio de Piccolomini (imperial official, pope; Humanist)
272Lorenzo Valla (papal secretary; Humanist anti-Aristotelean, anti-scholastic)
273George Trebizond (Byzantium, Italy; Humanist, Aristotelean)
274Cardinal Bessarion (Byzantium, Italy; Humanist, Platonist)
276St. Antoninus (Florence; Dominican Thomist)
277Dominic of Flanders (Italy; Dominican Thomist)
278Serafino Capponi de Porrecta (same)
279Bartholomew of Spina (same)
280Chrisostomo Javelli (same)
281Johan Versoris (Dominican Thomist)
282Gerhard von Elten (same)
283Gerhard de Monte (same)
284Lambert de Monte (same) . {285} Georg Peurbach (Vienna,
math)
{286} Regiomontanus (Vienna, math)
Figure 9.7. Reformers, Metaphysicians, Skeptics, 1465–1600
1465
287Argyropoulos (Byzantium, Florence, Rome; Humanist)
288St. Catherine of Genoa (mystic)
289William of Vaurouillon (Franciscan Scotist)
290Nicolas of Orbellis (Scotist)
291Antonius Serectus (same)
292Bonetus of Venice (same)
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 939 |
293 |
George of Brussels (same) |
321 |
Agrippa von Nettesheim |
294 |
Samuel de Cassinis (same) |
|
(occultist; Cologne, France, |
295 |
Thomas Bricot (Paris; |
|
Italy, England) |
|
Scotist/Nominalist) |
324 |
Francisco Silvestri of Ferrera |
296 |
Nicolas Tinctor (Paris, |
|
(Bologna, Italy; Dominican; |
|
Tübingen; Scotist) |
|
modified Thomist) |
297 |
Stephen Brulefer (Paris, |
325 |
Cardinal Cajetan, Thomas di |
|
Mainz; Scotist) |
|
Vio (Bologna, Padua; |
298 |
Scriptoris (Tübingen, Scotist) |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
299 |
Peter Tartaretus (Paris rector; |
326 |
Agostino Nifo (Bologna; |
|
Scotist) |
|
Averroist) |
300 |
Gabriel Biel (Heidelberg, |
|
1535 |
|
Tübingen; leading |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nominalist) |
327 |
Simon Porta (Italy; |
301 |
Petrus Nigri (Cologne, |
|
Aristotelean) |
|
Thomist, anti-Nominalist) |
328 |
Gasparo Contarini (same) |
302 |
Gerhard von Hardenwyck |
329 |
Franco Zorzi (Italy; |
|
(Cologne; Albertist/Thomist) |
|
occulist) |
303 |
Arnold of Lugde (same) |
330 |
Andreas Osiander (Germany; |
304 |
Rudolph Agricola (Germany, |
|
f. Protestant sect) |
|
Netherlands; Humanist, |
331 |
Caspar Schwenckfeld (same) |
|
Aristotelean, anti-scholastic) |
332 |
Sebastian Franck (Germany, |
305 |
Ermolao Barbaro (Venice; |
|
Protestant, Humanist, mystic) |
|
“Alexandrist” Aristotelean) |
332a |
Michael Servetus |
306 |
Nicoletto Vernias (Padua; |
333 |
Julius Scaliger (France) |
|
Averroist Aristotelean) |
334 |
Marius Nizolius (Humanist |
307 |
Alexander Achillini (Bologna; |
|
eclectic, anti-scholastic |
|
Averroist) |
|
logic) |
308 |
Elija Delmedigo (Crete; Jew) |
335 |
Peter Crockoert (Paris, |
309 |
John Reuchlin (Tübingen, |
|
Salamanca; Thomist) |
|
Heidelberg, France, Italy; |
336 |
Bartolomé de las Casas |
|
Humanist, Cabalist) |
|
(missionary to Amerindians; |
313 |
Francis Lychetus (Scotist) |
|
natural law) |
|
1500 |
(336a) |
George Buchanan (religious |
|
|
reformer, Latin poet; |
|
|
|
|
|
314 |
John Mair (Paris, St. |
|
Scotland, Paris, Coimbra) |
|
Andrews; Scotist/Nominalist, |
(336b) |
Marc-Antoine Muret (Latin |
|
logic, math) |
|
anti-Ciceronian stylist; Paris, |
315 |
Dullaert of Ghent (Paris; nat |
|
Toulouse, Padua) |
|
phil; edited Aristotle, Buridan) |
337 |
Francisco de Vitoria |
317 |
Jacques Lefevre (France; |
|
(Salamanca; Thomist; f. |
|
Humanist Aristotelean) |
|
internatl. law) |
318Charles Bouillé (France; Humanist, nat phil)
940 • A p p e n d i x 3
338 |
Melchior Cano (Spain; |
Figure 10.1. European Network: |
|
|
Dominican Thomist; sci |
The Cascade of Circles, 1600–1735 |
|
|
anti-mystic, anti-Jesuit) |
|
1565 |
|
|
|
|
|
1565 |
{A} |
Maestlin (Tübingen theol) |
|
|
||
339 |
Martin de Ledesma (Spain; |
i {B} |
Ostilio Ricci (math) |
|
Dominican Thomist; moral |
i (C) |
Galileo’s father |
|
theory) |
i (D) |
Descartes’s father |
340 |
Dominic de Soto (Dominican |
{E} |
della Porta (Accademia |
|
Thomist, f. internat. law; |
|
Segreti, Naples; Accademia |
|
Alcala, Paris) |
|
Lincei, Rome) |
341 |
Bartholomew de Medina |
{F} |
Fabricus (Padua, physiol) |
|
(same) |
G |
Jesuit team (Coimbra, summa |
342 |
Dominic Bañez (Salamanca; |
|
Thomist phil) |
|
Dominican Thomist) |
(H) |
Spenser (Sidney circle) |
343 |
Luis de Molina (Spain, |
|
1600 |
|
Coimbra, Evora; Jesuit) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
346 |
Valentine Weigel (Germany, |
1 |
Cardinal Bellarmine (Jesuit, |
|
Lutheran mystic) |
|
Rome; Thomist) |
347 |
Joseph Scaliger (Geneva, |
2 |
Sarpi (Venetian state |
|
Leyden) |
|
theologian, nat phil) |
348 |
Lelio Sozzini (Sienna; |
3 |
Carmelite team (Alcala, |
|
anti-Aristotelean) |
|
summa Thomist phil) |
349 |
Fausto Sozzini (Sienna, |
4 |
Vanini (Padua, Naples, |
|
Poland; |
|
Toulouse; medicine; |
|
Socinianism/Unitarianism) |
|
Averroist/pantheist) |
352 |
Jacobo Zabarella (Padua, |
{5} |
Harriot (math, astron, geog) |
|
Aristotelean) |
{6} |
Napier (Scotland; logarithms) |
353 |
Andreas Cesalpinus (Italy; |
{7} |
Briggs (geom, Gresham |
|
Aristotelean) |
|
College, London) |
354 |
Jacobo Cremonini (same) |
{8} |
Oughtred (math notation) |
355 |
Nicolaus Taurellus (Basel; |
(9) |
Ben Jonson |
|
Protestant anti-Aristotelean) |
(10) |
John Donne |
356 |
Joest Lipsius (Louvain, |
(11) |
George Herbert (younger |
|
Leyden; Humanist revived |
|
brother of Cherbery) |
|
Stoicism, sync. w Christianity) |
12 |
Andrae (Tübingen; publicized |
357 |
Francisco Sanchez |
|
“Rosicrucians”) |
|
(Bourdeaux, Toulouse; |
13 |
Alsted (Herborn; anti-Arist; |
|
medicine; skeptic, |
|
Lullist; chiliast theol) |
|
Montaigne’s cousin) |
14 |
Veron (Jesuit teacher at La |
358 |
Pierre Charron (France; |
|
Flêche; anti-Calvinist debater) |
|
skeptical fideist, anti-Calvinist) |
(15) |
Cardinal Bérulle |
|
|
|
(anti-Calvinist leader; f. |
|
|
|
Oratorians) |
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 941 |
{15a} |
Mydorge (Descartes’s friend; |
37 |
Cyrano de Bergerac |
|
conic sections; optics) |
|
(freethinker, satirist) |
i 16 |
Montaigne’s daughter |
38 |
Jungius (medical doctor, st. |
(17) |
Maurice of Nassau (Dutch |
|
Padua; “Hamburg logic”) |
|
general) |
i 39 |
Grotius’s son |
i (17a) |
Huygens family |
40 |
Erhard Weigel (Leipzig; |
18 |
van Helmont (Louvain, |
|
taught ethics geometrically) |
|
medicine, Paracelsian |
i 41 |
Jakob Thomasius (father of |
|
chemistry) |
|
Christian Thomasius) |
19 |
da Costa (Acosta) (Jew, st. |
42 |
Rabbi Menasseh ben Israel |
|
Coimbra, fled to Amsterdam; |
|
(Spain; Jew, Amsterdam |
|
religion as human creation) |
|
printer; predicted messianic |
{20} |
Cavalieri (Milan, Jesuit; |
|
age) |
|
calculus) |
43 |
Ribera (Amsterdam Jew, |
|
1635 |
|
excommunicated w Spinoza) |
|
44 |
Boreil (hosted Amsterdam |
|
|
|
||
{21} |
Torricelli (Rome, Florence; |
|
Jewish/interdenominational |
|
math, physics) |
|
circle) |
{22} |
Viviani (barometer) |
45 |
Fisher (Amsterdam Quaker) |
(23) |
Haak (London agent of |
46 |
Nicole (Port-Royal logic; |
|
Palatine Elector; sci |
|
Jansenist polemic) |
|
correspondence) |
47 |
La Rochefoucauld |
(24) |
Hartlib (Silesia merchant, |
48 |
Mme. Sablé (collab. with La |
|
London; sci correspondence) |
|
Rochefoucauld) |
{25} |
Pell (Cambridge, London, |
49 |
Jacques Esprit (same) |
|
Holland; math) |
{50} |
Ent (medical doctor, Padua, |
(26) |
Palatine Elector |
|
London; defended circulation |
27 |
Bisterfeld (Heidelberg, |
|
of blood) |
|
Leipzig, diplomat; church |
{51} |
Glisson (Cambridge, med.) |
|
reunification) |
(52) |
First Earl Shaftesbury |
{28} |
Roberval (Paris, math) |
(53) |
Oldenburg (Bremen, England, |
{29} |
Desargues (math) |
|
correspondence) |
{30} |
Fermat (Toulouse) |
{54} |
Wilkins (London chaplain to |
31 |
La Peyrère (Bordeaux, Paris, |
|
Elector Palatine; Oxford |
|
Amsterdam; pre-Adamite) |
|
meetings became Invisible |
32 |
La Mothe de Vayer |
|
College) |
|
(skepticism basis of |
{55} |
Wallis (geom, Oxford) |
|
Christianity; led Libertins |
{56} |
Wren (Oxford, astron, |
|
Érudits) |
|
Gresham College; geom) |
33 |
Naudé |
{57} |
Hooke (Oxford, Royal |
34 |
Patin |
|
Society curator) |
(35) |
Corneille |
{58} |
Petty (Oxford, hosted |
(36) |
Molière |
|
Invisible College; professor of |
|
|
|
anatomy) |
942 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
{59} |
Sprat (Oxford, King’s |
86 |
Fontenelle (defended moderns |
|
chaplain) |
|
vs. ancients) |
{60} |
John Collins (math, London, |
87 |
La Bruyère (Paris lawyer, |
|
correspondence) |
|
epigrams) |
60a |
Glanvill (propagandist for |
(87a) |
Racine |
|
Royal Society) |
88 |
Richard Simon (Oratorian) |
61 |
Whichcote (led Cambridge |
89 |
Huet (Dauphin tutor, priest) |
|
Platonists) |
90 |
Fénelon (Paris court; love of |
62 |
Culverwel (Calvinist moral |
|
God apart fr. salvation) |
|
phil) |
90a |
Cordemoy (reader to |
63 |
John Smith (liberal theology) |
|
Dauphin; occasionalism) |
64 |
Worthington |
90b |
La Forge (occasionalism) |
64a |
Anne Conway (More’s pupil; |
91 |
Mme. Guyon (quietism, |
|
spiritual monism) |
|
mysticism) |
{65} |
Barrow (Trinity, Cambridge, |
92 |
Pufendorf (st. Leipzig; Berlin |
|
math) |
|
court historian; natural law) |
66 |
Gracian (Spain, Jesuit; |
93 |
Spener (Strasbourg, Frankfurt; |
|
Machiavellian advice) |
|
f. Pietism) |
67 |
Luke Wadding (Lyons, edited |
{94) |
Jakob Bernouilli (Basel, math) |
|
Scotus works) |
{95} |
Marquis de L’Hospital (math) |
68 |
John of St. Thomas |
96 |
LeClerc (Geneva, Holland |
|
(Coimbra, Louvain, Alcala; |
|
exile; Locke disciple) |
|
last creative Thomist) |
97 |
Orobio de Castro |
69 |
Sallo (Paris f. Journal des |
|
(Amsterdam; rational defense |
|
Scavans, 1st scientific journal) |
|
of Judaism) |
70 |
Clerselier (Descartes admirer, |
98 |
Juan de Prado (Amsterdam; |
|
disseminated mss) |
|
natural religion) |
(71) |
Montmor (patron, Paris circle) |
i 99 |
Lady Masham (Cudworth’s |
(72) |
Thévenot (organized |
|
daughter) |
|
Académie des Sciences) |
100 |
Antoine Goudin (Milan, |
|
1665 |
|
Thomist) |
|
101 |
Frances Macedo (Scotist |
|
|
|
||
80 |
Rohault (Paris, Cartesian phil |
|
encyclopedia) |
|
and nat sci) |
102 |
Claudius Frassen (Paris, |
81 |
Sorbière (Paris, Cartesian |
|
Scotist) |
|
circle) |
{103} |
Halley (Oxford; astron) |
82 |
Régis (same) |
{104} |
Flamsteed (astronomer royal) |
83 |
Geulincx (st. Louvain; |
{105} |
William Molyneux (Dublin, |
|
professor at Leiden; |
|
London; astron, optics) |
|
occasionalism) |
106 |
Norris (Oxford, village rector; |
84 |
Tschirnhaus (German count; |
|
crit. Deism) |
|
math, optics, epist.) |
107 |
Toland (st. Edinburgh, Leiden; |
85 |
Simon Foucher (Paris chaplain) |
|
Oxford; Deist) |
|
|
108 |
Syndenham (medicine, Oxford) |
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 943 |
109 |
Blount (noble, Deist) |
(124) |
Steele |
(110) |
Dryden |
(125) |
Pope |
(110a) |
Thomas Herbert (grandson of |
(126) |
John Gay (poet) |
|
Herbert of Cherbury, patron) |
(127) |
Congreve |
(110b) |
Sir William Temple (diplomat; |
(128) |
Arbuthnot (medical doctor to |
|
ancients vs. moderns) |
|
queen; satires) |
(110c) |
Viscount Molesworth (patron) |
129 |
Lord Bolingbroke (Tory |
(110d) |
Castares (co-conspirator w |
|
leader, Deist) |
|
Shaftesbury and Locke; |
(130) |
Lord Chesterfield |
|
principal of Edinburgh Univ.) |
{131} |
Johan Bernouilli (Basel, |
|
1700 |
|
calculus) |
|
{132} |
Goldbach (Königsberg, math) |
|
|
|
||
111 |
Anthony Collins (st. |
{133} |
de Moivre (Huguenot, fled to |
|
Cambridge, rural justice of |
|
London; probability) |
|
the peace; Deist) |
134 |
Comte de Boulainvilliers |
112 |
Tindal (st. Oxford, fellow; |
135 |
Meslier (village curé, |
|
anti-clerical) |
|
Champagne; radical crit. of |
(113) |
Bentley (royal librarian; Greek |
|
religion) |
|
textual crit.) |
136 |
Budde (Wittenberg, Halle, |
114 |
Samuel Clarke (queen’s |
|
Jena; eclectic) |
|
chaplain; controversy w |
137 |
Rudiger (Leipzig, Halle; |
|
Leibniz) |
|
Thomasian) |
114a |
Catherine Cockburn |
138 |
A. F. Hoffman (Leipzig, |
|
(defended Locke, crit. |
|
reformed Pietism) |
|
Shaftesbury, Hutcheson) |
139 |
August Francke (Pietist; Halle, |
115 |
Balgny (vicar; crit. |
|
Strasbourg) |
|
Shaftesbury, Hutcheson) |
140 |
Saint-Hyacinthe (Holland, |
116 |
Woodston (Cambridge fellow; |
|
moral nihilism) |
|
Deist) |
|
1735 |
117 |
William Law (Cambridge |
|
|
|
|
||
|
anti-Deist, devotional mystic) |
(140a) |
Genovese (Naples, econ) |
(118) |
Mandeville (st. Leiden, |
157 |
Maupertuis (Paris, Berlin; |
|
medical doctor, London) |
|
Newtonian science) |
119 |
Collier (st. Oxford; rural |
{158} |
Euler (Basel, St. Petersburg, |
|
vicar; Idealism) |
|
Berlin; math) |
{120} |
Samuel Molyneux (son of |
161 |
Bilfinger (Wolffian/Leibnizian) |
|
105; Dublin; astron) |
162 |
Crusius (Leipzig; Pietist |
121 |
Jerome of Monteforlino |
|
attacked Wolffianism) |
|
(Scotist/Thomist) |
163 |
Baumgarten (Halle Wolffian, |
{122} |
Maclauren (Edinburgh math |
|
aesthetics) |
|
chair) |
|
|
(122a) |
Mackie (nephew of 110d; |
|
|
|
taught civil law, Edinburgh) |
|
|
(123)Addison
944 • A p p e n d i x 3
Figure 10.2. Network Overlap of |
26 |
|
Theudius of Magnesia [46] |
||||||||||||
Greek Mathematicians and |
27 |
|
Ecphantus [24] (Pythagorean) |
||||||||||||
Philosophers, 600 b.c.e.–600 c.e. |
28 |
|
Philippus Medmaeus (Philip |
||||||||||||
Note: Figure 10.2 follows a notation |
|
|
of Opus) [43] |
||||||||||||
29 |
|
Heraclides Ponticus |
|
||||||||||||
different from all other figures. For this |
|
||||||||||||||
31 |
|
Spintharus [69] |
|||||||||||||
figure only: |
|
||||||||||||||
32 |
|
Aristoxenus [72] (harmonics) |
|||||||||||||
() non-mathematician |
|
||||||||||||||
33 |
|
Dicearchus of Messina [74] |
|||||||||||||
[] number in Figures 3.1 through 3.8, |
|
||||||||||||||
34 |
|
Eudemus of Rhodes [73] |
|||||||||||||
network of Greek philosophers |
|
||||||||||||||
35 |
|
Theophrastus |
|
||||||||||||
underlined major or secondary |
|
||||||||||||||
36 |
|
Xenocrates |
|
||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
philosopher in Figures 3.1 through 3.8 |
|||||||||||||||
37 |
|
Autolycus of Pitane [80] |
|||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
1 |
Ameristus |
38 |
|
Callipus [79] |
|||||||||||
39 |
|
Arcesilaus |
|
||||||||||||
(1a) |
Stesichorus (poet) |
|
|||||||||||||
40 |
|
Aratus of Soli [96] (astron, |
|||||||||||||
2 |
Naburianos (Chaldean astron) |
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
poet) |
|||||||||||||
(3) |
Leucippus |
|
|
|
|||||||||||
41 |
|
Crantor of Soli |
|||||||||||||
4 |
Anaximander |
|
|
||||||||||||
42 |
|
Strato |
|
||||||||||||
5 |
Phaeinus (astron) |
|
|||||||||||||
(43) |
|
Ariston of Chios |
|
||||||||||||
6 |
Bryson (Sophist) |
|
|||||||||||||
44 |
|
Bion [89] (Cynic) |
|||||||||||||
7 |
Meton (astron) |
|
|||||||||||||
45 |
Callimachus |
||||||||||||||
8 |
Euctemon (astron) |
||||||||||||||
46 |
|
Conon of Samos |
|||||||||||||
8a |
Antiphon (Sophist) |
|
|||||||||||||
47 |
Dositheus |
||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
8b |
Hippasus of Metapontum |
||||||||||||||
i 48 |
|
Phidias (astron, father of |
|||||||||||||
|
(Pythagorean) |
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
|
Archimedes) |
||||||||||||
8c |
Theodorus of Cyrene |
|
|
||||||||||||
i 49 |
|
father of 50 (Epicurean) |
|||||||||||||
|
(Pythagorean) |
|
|||||||||||||
|
50 |
|
Dionysodorus |
||||||||||||
9 |
Oenopides of Chios [17] |
|
|||||||||||||
51 |
|
Eudemus of Pergamum |
|||||||||||||
11 |
Andron |
|
|||||||||||||
52 |
|
Sudines (Chaldean astron & |
|||||||||||||
12 |
Zenodotus |
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
astrol at Seleucid court, |
|||||||||||||
13 |
Hicetas of Syracuse [23] |
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
Pergamum) |
|||||||||||||
|
(Pythagorean astron) |
|
|
||||||||||||
|
53 |
Philonides (Epicurean, |
|||||||||||||
14 |
Eurytas [25] (Pythagorean) |
||||||||||||||
|
|
Pergamum court) |
|||||||||||||
15 |
Echecrates [26] (Pythagorean) |
|
|
||||||||||||
54 |
|
Zenodorus |
|||||||||||||
16 |
Thymaridas (Pythagorean) |
|
|||||||||||||
55 |
Diocles |
||||||||||||||
18 |
Leo |
||||||||||||||
i 56 |
|
father of 58 |
|||||||||||||
20 |
Theaetetus [41] |
|
|||||||||||||
57 |
|
Basilides of Tyre [126] |
|||||||||||||
21 |
Leodamos of Thasos |
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
(Epicurean) |
|||||||||||||
22 |
Kidenas (astron, Babylon) |
|
|
||||||||||||
58 |
|
Hypsicles of Alexandria |
|||||||||||||
23 |
Polemarchus [78] |
|
|||||||||||||
59 |
|
Seleucus of Selucia (same as |
|||||||||||||
23a |
Helicon |
|
|||||||||||||
|
52) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
24a |
Dinostratus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
60 |
|
Theodosius of Bythinia |
|||||||||||||
24b |
Aristaeus |
|
|||||||||||||
61 |
|
sons of 60 |
|||||||||||||
25 |
Speusippus |
|
|||||||||||||
63 |
|
Zeno of Sidon [166] |
|||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Keys to Figures • 945 |
63a |
Phaedrus [167] (Epicurean) |
105 |
Firmus Maternus (astrol) |
||
65 |
Perseus |
106 |
Martinus Capella [290] |
||
65a |
Hermotinus of Colophon |
|
(encyclopedist) |
||
66 |
Aristyllus (astron) |
107 |
Macrobius [289] |
||
67 |
Philo of Byzantium |
108 |
Syrianus [300] |
||
68 |
Nicomedes |
109 |
Plutarch of Athens [298] |
||
69 |
Pseudo-Petosiris (astrol) |
110 |
Victorius of Aquitania |
||
70 |
Clemedes (astron) |
111 |
Domninus of Larissa [301] |
||
71 |
Dionysidorus |
112 |
Marinus [303] |
||
72 |
Diodorus Siculus |
113 |
Ammonius [304] |
||
73 |
Stilo [159] |
114 |
Eutocus of Ascalon |
||
(74) |
Antiochus of Ascalon |
|
115 |
Anthemius of Trelles |
|
75 |
Sosigenes of Alexandria |
116 |
Isidorus of Miletus |
||
|
(astron) |
117 |
Simplicius [306] |
||
76 |
Varro [160] |
118 |
Cassiodorus [313] |
||
78 |
Nigidius Figilus [164] |
|
|
||
|
(Neo-Pythagorean occultist) |
Figure 11.1. French and British |
|||
79 |
Strabo [178] |
Network during the Enlightenment, |
|||
80 |
Columella (astron, surveying) |
1735–1800 |
|||
81 |
Marcus Manlius (astrol) |
|
Connections from Fig. 10.1 |
||
82 |
Pliny (encyclopedist) |
|
|||
|
|
||||
83 |
Theodosius of Cyrene |
(52) |
First Earl Shaftesbury |
||
84 |
Hyginus (surveying) |
86 |
Fontenelle |
||
85 |
Balbus (surveying) |
(110c) |
Viscount Molesworth (patron) |
||
86 |
Marinus of Tyre (geog) |
(110d) |
Castares (co-conspirator with |
||
87 |
Dorotheus of Sidon (astrol) |
|
Shaftesbury and Locke; |
||
88 |
Junius Nipsus (surveying) |
|
principal of Edinburgh Univ.) |
||
89 |
Epaphroditus |
{122} |
Maclauren (Edinburgh math |
||
90 |
Censorius (astrol) |
|
chair) |
||
91 |
Adratus (astron) |
(122a) |
Mackie (nephew of 110d, |
||
93 |
Theon of Smyrna [232] |
|
taught civil law, Edinburgh) |
||
94 |
Alexander of Aphrodisias |
|
129 |
Lord Bolingbroke (Tory |
|
95 |
Philo of Gadera |
|
leader, Deist) |
||
96 |
Sporus of Nicea |
130 |
Lord Chesterfield |
||
(97) |
Dionysius (Christian bishop |
134 |
Comte de Boulainvilliers |
||
|
of Alexandria) |
|
1735 |
||
98 |
Anatolius of Alexandria [268] |
|
|||
|
|
||||
99 |
Serenus |
141 |
Thomas Morgan (dissenting |
||
100 |
Peithon |
|
minister; Christian Deist) |
||
101 |
Theon of Alexandria [292] |
144 |
Hartley (st. Cambridge; |
||
102 |
Hypatia [296] |
|
medical doctor, London; |
||
103 |
Synesius of Cyrene [297] |
|
associationism) |
||
|
(astron) |
145 |
John Gay (st. Cambridge; |
||
104 |
Paul of Alexandria (astrol) |
|
rural vicar; Utilitarianism) |
946 • |
A p p e n d i x 3 |
|
|
146 |
Lord Kames (Henry Home) |
{191} |
Laplace |
|
(Edinburgh judge; nat relig) |
{192} |
Franklin |
148 |
Tucker (association basis of |
(193) |
Jefferson |
|
moral sense) |
(194) |
Blackstone (chair, English law, |
(149) |
Dr. Samuel Johnson |
|
Oxford) |
151 |
Helvetius (Paris, materialism) |
{195} |
Priestly (Nonconformist |
(152) |
Turgot (Paris, Limoges; |
|
minister) |
|
minister of finance) |
(196) |
Burke |
{153} |
Marquise de Châtelet (patron, |
197 |
Richard Price (London, |
|
sci cm) |
|
Calvinist minister; crit. |
{154} |
Boerhave (Leiden; medical |
|
Hutcheson common sense) |
|
doctor, chemistry) |
{198} |
Erasmus Darwin (st. |
155 |
La Mettrie (Leiden; army |
|
Cambridge, Edinburgh; |
|
doctor, Berlin exile; |
|
medical doctor; Lamarckian) |
|
materialism) |
199 |
Beattie (Aberdeen; Reid |
156 |
Marquis de Vauvenarges |
|
common sense) |
|
(Deist) |
200 |
Campbell (Aberdeen, prof. |
157 |
Maupertuis (Paris, Berlin; |
|
divinity; common sense) |
|
Newtonian science) |
201 |
Ferguson (Edinburgh) |
|
1765 |
202 |
Dugald Stewart (Edinburgh, |
|
|
moral phil) |
|
|
|
|
|
184 |
Robinet (French; Amsterdam; |
203 |
Destutt de Tracy |
|
Spinozaist) |
204 |
Cabanis (led Idéologues) |
185 |
Naigeon (Encyclopédie |
|
1800 |
|
assistant; atheist) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
188 |
Mme. Helvetius (Auteuil |
205 |
Thomas Brown (Edinburgh; |
|
circle hostess) |
|
crit. Reid) |
(189) |
Comte de Volney |
206 |
James Mill (Edinburgh, |
{190} |
Lavoisier |
|
London) |