5. I can’t listen to the English
broadcast because…	5. …I am listening to another
	transmission.

IX. Speak on the following situations:

1.A first-year student has a talk with a second-year student who gives you full information about the laboratory of the faculty, its equipment and tape-library. 2.You, a newcomer, would like to listen to a tape with a laboratory work, but don’t know how to handle a cassette-recorder. You have a talk with your experienced groupmate. 3.Two students speak about the work of the laboratory and the opportunities it gives the students of the faculty of foreign languages and the other faculties. You exchange your opinions as to how to improve its work. 4.You are going to make a recording of your speech, but you are not quite sure how to do it. You consult a laboratory assistant about it. 5.A first-year student has a talk with a laboratory assistant trying to find out the rules of the laboratory he (she) must observe.

LESSON SEVEN

GRAMMAR: The Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous Tenses (continued). The Past Indefinite Tense. The Past Continuous Tense. Sequence of Tenses. The Past Perfect Continuous Tense. Modal Verbs (reviewed).

TOPICS: “Our University”, “Time”.

TEXTS: 1.“Our University” “Practical Course of English”. Course I. M., 1997. 2.”Basic Structures of English”. N.E. Irtenyeva. Lesson 19.M.- L.,1967.Dialogues on pp.165-167.

VOCABULARY TO USE

TOPIC I “OUR UNIVERSITY”

I. NOUNS AND NOUN COLLOCATIONS: (in) admiration, an adventure (story), anger, a book in the original, a book in translation, a candidate, a celebration, a choir, a circle, a column (in columns), a congratulation on smth., a constitution, a conversation, contents, a context, a dancing circle, a demonstration, discipline, doubt, a drama circle (society), an examiner, an exam to an institute, an examination session, the coming exam (holiday, week-end), a greeting, faculty (institute) activities, a festival, fiction, a

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final, a form master (mistress), Gymnastics, investigation, a legend, the Maly (Bolshoi) Theatre, mind, the Moscow Lenin State Teachers’ Training University, a narration, an opera, a preparation for smth., the Preparatory faculty, a present, pride, a professor, progress in (studies), a promise (of help), a proof, a rector, responsibility, a remark, a result, science fiction, a scholar, a school-leaver, a scientific society, a shift, in the first (second) shift, social work, a story-teller, (a great) success, with success, (a) surprise, a symbol, a test period, a tutor, a tutorial, use (usage), wages.

II. ADJECTIVES: actual, adapted, detective, expressive, fairy, gymnastic, impressive, main, punctual, (ir)responsible, spare, successful, surprising, thorough, typical, urgent, various.

III. ADVERBS AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES: abroad, brightly, close, closely, exactly, expressively, (un)fortunately, hardly, individually, nearly, overtime, punctually, seriously, successfully, thoughtfully, urgently.

IV. PREPOSITIONS: instead of.

V. CONJUNCTIONS: although, though.

VI. VERBS AND VERBAL COLLOCATIONS: achieve (an aim, success), admire smth., to apologize to smb. for smth., be a success (be successful), be considered to be, be expelled from (an University), be famous for, be in doubt about smth., be grateful (thankful) to smb. for smth., be named after smb., be on a sick list, be responsible for smth., be sure to do smth., be written in ink (in pencil); be written in English(Russian), blow, carry out (fulfil, obey) an order (smb.’s wish), catch up with, change one’s mind, come true, comment on, complain of smth., congratulate smb. on smth., dance to music. decipher, do sports (music, etc.), doubt smth., do smth. right (rightly, correctly), do smth. wrongly (in the wrong way), do well in, enjoy oneself (doing smth.), excuse smb., expect, fall (down), fill in an application (a card),fill in the blanks with smth., find fault with smb., get on one’s nerves, go in for sports (music, etc.), go on business(a trip), greet smb., grumble (about smth.), have a holiday (a vacation, holidays), have a tutorial, hold (have) a meeting, investigate, lag (fall) behind smb., learn to do smth., look forward to smth.(to doing smth.), lose, manage (to do) smth., make a drawing, make a remark, make (good) progress in , make a success, make up one’s mind to do smth., master a language, mind, organize (arrange), pass a test in, pass smb. in (Grammar, etc.), perform (one’s functions, gymnastic exercises), point at smth. Point out (on the map), prevent smth., prevent smb. from doing smth., prove, read for one’s exam, read for pleasure, realize, recommend, remark, say (kiss) good-bye to smb., sit next to each other, show smb. round smth., solve a problem, take place, take seminars

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with smb., throw, turn over (pages), use, vary, win a victory., write with a pen, work by fits and starts.

VII. CONVERSATIONAL PHRASES: As usual. Best regards to...! Do you find it difficult to...? Excuse me (him). Haven’t seen you for ages! Syn. Haven’t heard from you for ages! He is sure to come soon (syn: he will certainly come soon). Hope to see you soon! How are things with you? How are you getting on? - Quite well, thank you. I beg your pardon. In fact. I’m afraid I missed that (syn.: Sorry, I didn’t catch that). I’m afraid I didn’t quite hear what you said. I (he, we) can’t help doing smth. I’m afraid I must be off (must leave). I’m of another opinion. Is it clear to you? It goes without saying. It’s all right. I wish you every success . Let’s hope for the best. Mind it! Mind your own business! (syn. It’s no business of yours). Never mind! Not in the least! Quite! Remember me to... They have passed me in (Physics, Literature). That’s it! They say. To my mind. To my surprise. What can I do for you? Well? Why? Why not go (have, etc.)...? Yours, Ann.

ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY

NOUNS: an apology, an attitude to…, a cause, a circumstance, a decision, an exhibition, a failure, a graduating student (syn. a student in his finel year), an interlocutor, a low-achiever, a (student’s) mark-book, a narrator, (a holder of) a school-leaving certificate, a school-leaving examination, a school-leaving evening-party.

VERBS: advance in, appear, cut grass, get cold, get offended with smb., make hay, offended smth., pass a remark, pick fruit, set in, shine, succeed in, turn green, trouble smb.

TOPIC II “TIME”

I. NOUNS AND NOUN COLLOCATIONS: an alarm-clock, a century, European Mean Time, a face (of a clock, a watch), Greenwich Mean Time, the Houses of Parliament, a minute (hour, second) hand, a radio time-signal, a spare moment, spare time, a time-piece, a weekly, on the wireless (the radio).

II. ADJECTIVES: annual year-book, continual, daily, every minute (remarks), exact, hourly, incessant, monthly, suitable, weekly, il yearly.

III. VERBS AND VERBAL COLLOCATIONS: chime, go by some time, set a watch by the radio time-signal, strike, tell smb. the right (exact) time, tick, wind up.

IV. ADVERBS AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES: afterwards, a little after 5 o’clock, ages ago (syn. long ago), all the time, all the year round (syn. the whole year), annually, at that time (moment), at the latest, at the time, by now,

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by that time, by 2(3) o’clock, continually, daily; day in, day out; during the day (the night, the winter, the year), ever. For how long? (At) every minute (instant). For ages, for a (little, short) while, for an hour or so, for a short period of time, for 5 hours, for lack of time, for some days (time), for the week-end, for years, for the first (second) time, from day to day, from time to time, from year to year, from 1975 to 1990; hourly, incessantly, in my (our) time, in the past, in the 20-th century; last; last Friday, but one; last night, last week (month, year, winter, Sunday); monthly; next Friday, but one; on that day, sooner or later, the other day, this morning (afternoon, etc.), that time, the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday; year in, year out; yearly, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening), weekly.

V. EVERYDAY PHRASES: All in good time. Have you any time to spare? – I have no time to spare. It’s broad day-light. It’s just 12. It’s too late for…My watch has stopped, you know. My watch keeps (fairly) good time. My watch tells (says, shows) five past two. My watch wants (needs) repairing. The clock is right . The clock goes. The clock goes right (rightly). The clock is wrong. The clock goes wrong. The clock does not tell the right time. My watch is 5 minutes fast. My watch gains. My watch is 5 minutes slow. My watch loses. Something has happened to my watch. There is the time -signal. Time flies. Time passes. Time presses. That (the time) will suit me all right.

VI. PROVERBS: 1.An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 2.Better late than never. 3.When two Sundays come together.

UNIT I

I. Answer the following question:

1.What time does our country go by? 2.What is the difference between Moscow Time and Greenwich Mean Time and European Mean Time? 3.What are the main clocks in Russia and in Great Britain? 4.Have you ever seen the Kremlin clock? 5.How many times an hour does the Kremlin clock strike? 6.How many times does the Kremlin clock strike at midnight? 7.Is Big Ben the most famous clock in the world? 8.Does Big Ben always show the exact time? 9.How many time-pieces have you got at home? 10.What shape is the face of your watch, round or oval? 11.What time is it now by your watch? 12.Your watch has stopped, hasn’t it? 13.Sometimes you watch goes wrong, doesn’t it? 14.How many minutes is your watch fast or slow? 15.Does your watch keep fairly good time? 16.How many times a day do you usually wind your watch up? 17.When do you usually wind up your watch: in the morning or in the evening? 18.Do you sometimes come behind time because your watch says the wrong time? 19.My watch has stopped, you know. Can you tell me the exact time? 20.How

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can we learn the exact time? 21.How often do you set your watch by the radio time-signal? 22.Do you set your watch by the radio time-signal in the morning or in the afternoon? 23.Have you a clock at home? Does it chime? 24.Is it necessary for you to have an alarm-clock at home? Why? 25.Do you wake up with the help of an alarm-clock or without it? 26.Do you always use an alarmclock to wake up in time? 27.What did you do the day before yesterday? 28.Do you keep early or late hours? 29.What have you planned for the weekend? 30.How long is it before the end of the term? 31.Is a fortnight a long period of time? 32.Are you going to take your exams in a fortnight or less than in a fortnight? 33.Did you study the day before yesterday? 34.What were you busy with yesterday afternoon? 35.You were doing your homework for 5 hours yesterday, weren’t you? 36.How long do you usually do your home assignment? 37.When did you study in the sound laboratory last? 38.When did you have lectures on the history of our country last? 39.Do your friends attend lectures and classes from day to day or from time to time? 40.Have you got rid of your phonetic mistakes by now? 41.Do you listen to tapes from time to time or constantly? 42.Are you to pass a test in English one of these days? 43.Are you permitted to check your test in English for a short while or for some more time? 44.It’s just the time to have a break, isn’t it? 45.How long is it before the bell then? 46.At what time are your classes over? 47.Is it possible to do your home assignment in no time at all?48.Do you have a rest for an hour or so or for a short period of time after coming home from the University? 49.Do you find it difficult to make progress in English in a little (short) while? 50.What are you going to be in the future? 51.What was your grandmother in the pasf?

II. Respond saying something in connection with the following statements. Speak about yourselves, your relatives, friends and acquaintances:

Model. St.1: When I have much homework to	St.2: So does she.
do I keep late hours. What about your girl-
friend?
1.The face of the clock on the Tower of the
Agricultural Academy is big and white, and its
minute and hour hands are black. What about the
face of the clock on the wall of the hotel
“Chuvashia”?	1.So is the face of that clock.
2.The students of the faculty of foreign
languages are always pressed for time. What	2.So are they.
about the students of the other faculties?
3.When our teachers and students are late they
always have a good excuse. What about the	3.Sometimes they don’t have
students and teachers of the other faculties?

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4.The Kremlin Clock always shows the exact time. What about Big Ben?

5.I am angry when my friends come behind time. What about you?

6.The clock in the dining-room of our flat chimes every hour. And what about your clock? 7.My grandmother always sets her watch by the radio time signal. What about your mother?

8.I usually do my homework in English for 2 hours or so. And how long does it take you? 9.The face of my watch is as small as Lena’s. What about the face of your watch?

10.Every day I get up at 7 o’clock in the morning to have a break and do my lessons. What about your sister?

11.Sunday is your day off. And what about Saturday?

12.July and August have thirty-one days. And what about September?

13.From 7 till 11 in the morning on all the weekdays you are at home. And what about the rest of the day?

14.My cousin has a rest in the Crimea yearly. 15.I usually wind up my watch once a day.

16.Last Friday, but one I came to the University behind time. What about you?

17.My younger sister always reads out loud because she learnt how to read only a month ago.

18.We are pressed for time during our examination session.

19.When I have much homework to do I keep late hours.

20.When our teachers and students are late they always have a reasonable excuse.

21.The Kremlin clock always shows the exact time.

a good excuse.

4.So does Big Ben.

5.But I am not angry.

6.Ours doesn’t chime at all.

7.So does my mother.

8.It takes me much longer.

9.But mine is big.

10.So does my sister.

11.So is Saturday.

12.But it has thirty days.

13.I’m at work. 14.So does his friend.

15.So do other people, I think.

16.So did I.

17.No wonder. Every little child does the same.

18.And not only during the examination session, but also every day.

19.I think the students of all the years do it.

20.But my group mate K. sometimes has a lame excuse.

21.Sure.

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22.The clock in the dining-room of our flat chimes every hour.

23.One of my group mates always comes behind time, but he always finds a good excuse.

24.I keep late hours, that’s why it is difficult for me to get up early in the morning.

25.My father is always in a hurry, because he is always pressed for time.

26.My boy-friend studies at an Institute and works at a factory at the same time.

27.I usually do my homework in English for an hour or so.

28.The face of my watch is as small as Lena’s.

29.My father always sets his watch by the radio time-signal and that’s why he never comes behind time.

30.I always forget to wind up my watch.

31.I always tell my friends the exact time when they ask me about it.

32.I’m always in a hurry for lack of time

33.My sister arrives from Siberia in a couple of days to celebrate our grandmother’s birthday.

34.I return home from the University at the latest at six o’clock p.m.

35.Michael practises his pronunciation from day to day.

22.And ours in the sittingroom chimes every quarter of an hour.

23.Our group mates never come behind time.

24.It’s the same with every person.

25.So is my mother.

26.The same with my niece. How difficult their lives are!

27.Oh, it takes me more, about 3 hours.

28.And I’m fond of big watches with big figures.

29.My mother does the same early in the morning.

30.It sometimes happens to my brother.

31.Anybody would do the same.

32.I think all students are.

33.How kind of her! No doubt she respects her grandmother very much.

34.My girl-friend, Sheila, returns home from the University at the latest at two o’clock p.m. because she studies on the day (night, morning) shift.

35.But my friend Ann doesn’t practise her

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	pronunciation		because	she
	studies at the faculty of
	Physical Training
36.Kate gets her scholarship monthly.	36.But	Bertha doesn’t		get
	any because she failed her
37.Mike always records phonetic exercises	exams.
beforehand.	37.But	his	friend, Nick,
	doesn’t do it at all.

III. Respond expressing your agreement or disagreement:

1.Sunday and Monday are school-children’s day-off.

2.July and August have thirty-one days.

3.A lesson at the University lasts an hour and twenty minutes.

4.If our watch has stopped we have to wind it up.

5.The face of the clock on the Tower of the Agricultural Academy is big and white, and its minute and hour hands are black.

6.We can keep books borrowed from our University library only for a fortnight.

7.It is very necessary to listen to English by radio for the students of the English department.

8.The economy of our country increased in the twenty-first century.

9.As far as I know, my groupmate Valya usually has a rest in the Caucasus annually.

10.An hour has seventy minutes.

11.We go by European Mean Time.

12.We have no time to spare during our studies.

1.You are wrong. Only Sunday is a day off for children.

2.Exactly so.

3.To my mind it lasts an hour and thirty minutes.

4.Of course, we must.

5.I really don’t remember.

6.Far from it. We are allowed to keep most of them the whole school-year.

7.Sure!

8.It’s really so.

9.You are mistaken. She has a rest in our place.

10.You don’t say so! It has only 60 minutes.

11.Oh, no, we don’t, you are mistaken. We go by Moscow Mean Time.

12.I am afraid you are mistaken, I have enough time.

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13.People in our country set their watches by the Moscow radio time-signal.

14.People in England live by Greenwich Mean Time.

15.All the European countries go by European Mean Time.

16.This year there are three hundred students in the first year at the Faculty of Foreign Languages.

17.A year lasts three hundred and sixty-five days.

18.Each season consists of three months. 19.A century includes one hundred and five years.

20.There are twenty-four hours in a day.

IV. Have similar talks:

13.Yes, they do, but my girlfriend sets her watch by Greenwich Mean Time, because she lives in France.

14.You are quite right.

15.I’m afraid you are mistaken. England and France go by Greenwich Mean Time.

16.I don’t know exactly but I think you’re wrong.

17.But you have forgotten about a leap year that lasts three hundred and sixty-six days.

18.You are quite right.

19.I’m afraid you are mistaken. A century includes one hundred years.

20.You are quite right.

Speak about the time, your watch, then invite your interlocutor to do something for her/him to respond to:

Model Talk 1.

St.1: What’s the time by your watch now? St.1: Is your watch right?

St.1: That’s a fine idea! I’ll join you.

St.2: It’s half past one.

St.2: I hope it is. Let’s go to the laboratory and listen to Laboratory Work 2.

Tell your groupmate what you, your relatives or friends would like to do, on what day, at what time for him/her to respond to you.

Model Talk 2.

St.1: On Saturday at about 4 o’clock I

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would like to visit my sick groupmate. Will you join me?

St.2: All right. I’ll be free after classes at that time

V. Respond to the following statements comparing some people or their actions. Follow the model.

M.1.St.1: John often comes behind time.

M.2.St.1: The Kremlin clock strikes very loudly.

M.3.St. 1: All the students of our group come to their classes in time?

1.Some students of Group “B” often come to classes behind time.

2.My brother’s alarm-clock rings loudly.

3.Dick’s watch is very often slow.

4.My aunt sets her watch by the radio time-signal more seldom than my uncle.

5.The clock in the dining-room is fast. So is the clock in our bedroom.

6.My watch stopped sooner than I had expected.

7.Big clocks tick more loudly than watches.

8.On Monday I am short of time.

9.Days in January are over early.

10.My uncle goes to work early in the morning.

St.2: Who else comes behind time as often as John does?

St.2: Does Big Ben chime louder than the Kremlin clock?

St.2: Who is the most punctual student in your group?

1.Do the students of Group “A” come behind time as often as those students do?

2.Does it ring loudest of all the clocks in your flat?

3.Is it the slowest of all the watches in their house?

4.Who sets a watch by the radio time-signal oftener than your uncle does in your family?

5.Which clock is faster?

6.You must wind up your watch more often if it stops so soon.

7.Does your watch tick loudly? 8.On what other day of the week are you as short of time as on Monday? 9.Are days in January over as early as in December?

10.Do you go to the University earliest of all the other members of

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11.My cousin takes her watch to the watch-maker’s oftenest of all.

12.Sometimes my friend goes to Moscow by plane.

13.My brother-in-law makes a fire very quickly.

14. My fellow-student, B., speaks English very indistinctly. I can’t make out a single word in his speech.

15.Look at these signatures. All of them are illegible.

16.My roommate in the hostel has taken his watch to the watch-maker’s again.

your family?

11.Who else takes his/her watch to the watch-maker as often as your cousin?

12.How does your friend go to Moscow oftener, by plane or by train?

13.Who makes a fire quickest of all in their family?

14.Who speaks English most distinctly in their group?

15.Whose signature is the most illegible?

16.Does he take his watch to the watch-maker’s oftenest of all your roommates?

VI. Respond to the following remarks about the time the speaker spends on this or that activity.

M. T. or St.1: It takes me a lot of
time to prepare for a phonetic	St.2: Does it take you as much time as
dictation. It’s very difficult for me to
write it.	that? It’s very important to train your
	ear every day.

1.It takes me much time to learn a poem by heart.

2.It takes us much time to mark the stresses and tunes in the text.

3.It takes Nick a lot of time to

1.Does it take you as much time as that? It’s very important to train our memory. The more we learn by heart, the better our memory is.

2.Really it does. But it is very useful for us. Of course, it is easier and quicker to do it with the help of a teacher.

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transcribe and intone a text.

4.It takes me more time to do homework orally than in written form.

5.It takes us much time to make up a dialogue.

6.It takes our teacher much time to correct our mistakes, especially in tests.

7.It takes us much time to look up new words in the dictionary.

8.It doesn’t take me much time to describe a picture.

9.It doesn’t take Nelly much time to make a report.

10.It doesn’t take my sister much time to do sums.

11.It doesn’t take my mother much time to plant flowers, trees or bushes.

VII. Point out the result:

3.Does it take him as much time as that? It’s very important to know the theory well to do it correctly.

4.It’s quite natural. It is more difficult to retell a text, for example, than to do a written exercise. (We usually retell a text two or more times at home).

5.Really it does. It is very important how you work. It is not only necessary to make it up, but to learn it by heart.

6.Indeed it does. It is necessary for the teacher to be very attentive not to miss a single mistake.

7.It does. But it’s a real pleasure to learn a lot of new English words, their meaning and pronunciation, in a word, to enrich our vocabulary.

8.Doesn’t it? I think it’s a pleasure for you to do it. It’s usually easy to do what you like.

9.Doesn’t it? It usually takes much time to prepare it, but little time to make it. It is necessary to find and read plenty of material on the topic.

10.Doesn’t it? She is good at Mathematics I suppose. It is always a pleasure to do what you understand.

11.Doesn’t it? It is always easy to plant a tree or flowers, but it is difficult to grow them.

M.1.St.1: I have set my watch by the radio time-signal.

St.2: Now the hands of the watch show the exact time.

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M.2.St.1: I sometimes forget to wind up my alarm-clock.

1.I have just repaired my watch.

2.My alarm-clock has stopped.

3.I have just wound up my watch. 4.Something has happened to my watch.

5.I have done my homework in no time.

6.My watch is wrong. It’s fifteen minutes slow.

7.There is the time-signal, but my watch has stopped.

8.I have lost my watch.

9.We’ve just heard a radio time-signal.

10.People have invented many timepieces.

11.My younger brother has broken the radio.

12.I usually keep early hours and my watch keeps fairly good time.

13.We have had a good time this weekend.

14.My father has set all the watches and clocks at home by the radio timesignal.

15.I always forget to set my watch by the radio time-signal.

St.2: That’s why you get up late on such days.

1.Now your watch is keeping fairly good time.

or: Today you came to the Institute just in time.

2.Your mother will have to wake you up in the morning.

3.Now it is ticking.

4.Now you are repairing it, aren’t you? or: You are upset about it, aren’t you?

5.Now you are having a rest. You are going for a walk now, aren’t you?

6.That’s why you have been late for meeting of the first-year students.

7.You have to wind it up.

8.So you can’t tell me the right time. 9.Now we know it is 6 o’clock. Wind up your watch!

10.Now we can use them.

11.Now your family can’t set their watches by the radio time-signal.

12.That’s why you never come behind time.

13.That’s why we shall work well next week.

14.Fine! All your watches and clocks keep fairly good time now and you will not be late any more.

15.That’s why your clock is wrong and you always come behind time.

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