program in the evening.

17.Imagine one of your relatives is eager to study English and to enter an Institute.

18.Your girl-friend is badly ill. 19.You have to listen to a text, but you don’t know how to handle a taperecorder.

16.… I’ll try to do my lessons as early as possible.

17.… I’ll help him/her prepare for the exams.

18.… I’ll call on her every day.

19.… I’ll address the laboratory assistant for help.

LESSON EIGHT

GRAMMAR: The Present Indefinite Tense, the Present Continuous Tense (continued); Adverbial Clauses of time and condition. The Future Indefinite Tense, The Present Perfect Tense. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Indirect Speech. The Passive Voice.

TOPICS: Meals. Time.

TEXTS: 1) "Meals"; 2) "In the Canteen", 3) "The Browns' Dining-room". "Practical Course of English", Course I, M., 1997; 4) "This is a Cafe"... N.F. Irtenyeva, "Basic Structures of English", M-L., 1967, p.87; 5) “The Institute Canteen”, Dialogue 2. Staburova L.G. “English”. Course I. L. 1976, p. 236-239

VOCABULARY TO USE

I. NOUNS AND NOUN COLLOCATIONS: a dozen eggs, at mealtime (dinner-time, lunch-time), at the head of the table, bacon, bacon and eggs, (a) beefsteak, beer, beets (beetroots), a bill, a bowl (of fruit), a buffet (at the buffet), a butter-dish, a cafeteria, a candy, a can (tin of sardines), cash, a cash-desk, a cashier, a cauliflower, champagne, champ, champing, chicken, chicken stock (broth), a choice of dishes, a chop, a cookery-book, corn, cornflakes, a counter, a course, a vegetable (meat) course, for the first (second) course, clear soup (broth), cream, a cucumber, curds, a cutlet, a diet, dieting, a dish, a (soft, nonalcoholic) drink, a hard (strong, alcoholic drink, a dinner of 2 (3) courses, at dinner (breakfast, etc.), (for) dessert, dough, a doughnut, a food shop, a fryingpan, a full-course meal (dinner), garlic, grain (wheat), a gramme, a greengrocer's, greens, a grocer's (grocery), goose (flesh), hard (soft)-boiled eggs, a heavy (hearty,poor) eater, (a) herring, a hot dog, an ingredient, jelly, a kilogramme, a kopeck, a ladle, lemonade, lettuce, a lid, a light (big) meal, macaroni, marmalade, mashed potatoes, mayonnaise, a menu, on the menu, a menu-card, mince. mincemeat, a mincing-machine (mincer), a mince-pie, mineral water, (mixed) salad, a mixture of, a mouthful of smth, a mustard-pot, (an) onion, an outing (a hiking), oil, on either side of the table, parsley, a peel, a

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pepper-box, a pine-apple, pickle, pickles, pilaff (pilau, pilaw), porridge, poultry, a price, baking (chocolate) powder, (rice) pudding, puree, rabbit, a radish, a raisin, a recipe for (a cake, etc), a refreshment-room, refreshments, a restaurant, a ring-roll, (a) roast, roasted (roast) meat, a roll, a rouble, (a) roastbeef, a saltcellar, sauce, a sauce-pan, seasoning (dressing), scrambled eggs, a self-service canteen, a snack (a bite), soda, soda-water, a spoonful of smth, (a) spice, squash, stewed fruit, a sugar-bowl, a surprise, a table with a shade, a tart, tinned (cooked) food (fish), a toast, tomato and cucumber salad, to one's taste, a treat, a varenik, a vegetable-garden, vegetable-soup, a waiter, a waitress, a white (of an egg), a wineglass, a yolk, yeast.

II. ADJECTIVES: appetizing, boiled, chicken, creamy, curd, cut (up), delicious, (un)eatable, enormous, (in)edible, extraordinary, fried, harmful, highly seasoned with vinegar (oil), jellied (fish, meat),leavened, mashed, mixed, overdone, overripe, pickled, raw, refreshing, ripe rotten (bad), splendid, stewed, substantial, tasteless, tough, underdone, unripe, various, whole.

III. VERBS AND VERBAL COLLOCATIONS: arrange (organize), avoid, beat eggs (whip up eggs), be dressed with smth., begin with, be off, be on a slimming (fattening) diet, be on sale, be surprised at, boil, bring smth. in, candy, champ, chew, clear the table, cover a lid on, die from hunger, dine (out), do (go) shopping, drop, eat off smth., eat up, face each other, fry, go on a diet, have a bite, have a drink, have (give) a party, have (take) smth., help (treat) smb. to smth., keep one's mealtime, keep smb. a company, lay the table, lick, mash, mince, mix, mix a salad, order a meal, overcook, overdo, oversleep, owe, pass smth. to smb., pay a bill, peel, pickle, pick up (a tray), pour, prefer smth. to smth., preserve, push ( a tray along a counter), put on too much weight, put too much salt into., queue, remove smth. into (from) smth., roast, save money (time, place, etc.), season (dress) with, see smb. off, see smb. home, serve, serve breakfast (food, dinner), serve the table (for 3-4 persons), serve with smth., simmer, sit at table, sit down to breakfast, sit down to table, sit sideways, smell, spread (a table-cloth), slice, stand in a queue, starve, stew, stick to a diet, stir up, take away the dirty dishes, talk over smth., taste good (bitter), try (taste) smth., underdo, wait on smb., weigh.

IV. ADVERBS: (from) abroad,absolutely, altogether, at a time, especially, generally, however, of late, whatever, whenever, wherever, whoever.

V. PREPOSITIONS: in between.

VI. CONJUNCTIONS: as long as, as well as, if, unless, until (till).

VII. EVERYDAY PHRASES: Come along! Come on! How much is my bill? How much do I owe you? I don't take mustard (pepper, etc.) I would

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(should) rather have (an) ice-cream. It's high time to… It's out of the question. O.Kay (O.K.)! On (under) what condition…? There are all kinds of things on the menu. To begin with. We should (we had) better… (look for a place to have a meal in). What do you say to (tea, lemonade, etc)? What about having (tea, beer, etc.)? Fancy! Good gracious!

VIII. PROVERBS: - An apple a day keeps the doctor away. - The proof of the pudding is in its eating. - Every cook praises his own broth. - After dinner sleep a while, after supper walk a mile. - Some dishes are very enjoyable to eat, but a great trouble to prepare. - Drink as you have brewed. - Better underdone than overdone.

IX. ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY

1.NOUNS AND NOUN COLLOCATIONS: appetite, an aubergine (Am. egg plant), a bad egg, a baranka, a breadcrumb, a bread-plate, a bean, a cake-tin, a carving-knife, celery, a cheese pan-cake, coca-cola, a cold dish (plate), cottage cheese, cranberries, a curd fritter, a (curd, meat, fruit) dumpling, egg shell, a fig, fish in tomato sauce, a frankfurter, French beans, a gingerbread, a glutton, gravy, high tea, a horse-radish, force-meat, a kidney-pie, kvass, lamb, (un)leavened dough, a meat-ball, a peach, a pumpkin, pelmeni, pomegranate, a poultry-farm (yard), a quenelle, a quince, roast chicken, sausage-meat, a sauce boat, a small sausage, a Paris sausage, spaghetti, spring onions, syrup (sirup), starvation, strong stock, tip, for a titbit, a turnip, vermicelli, zephyr, yoghurt.

2.VERBS: be choked, choke with smth., choke with laughter, cope with smth., crumb, display smth., elbow one's way to, go bad, grate, grind, grill, have a good (bad) night, (syn. sleep well (badly), live on bread and water, shell an egg, spit, spread with fat, swallow, tip, vary.

I. Guess what I am speaking about.

1.It is a set of instructions which is
necessary if one wants to cook a meal.	1.A recipe.
2.It is a hot sausage between two rolls,
seasoned with sauce.	2.A hot dog.
3.It’ s a place where you can have a snack,
but without being served by a waitress.	3.A self-service canteen.
4.These are the two ingredients of an egg,
not taking into account the shell.	4.The yolk and the white.
5.Eggs fried on a pan after the yolk and the
white have been mixed together.	5.Scrambled eggs.
6.A process of dressing a dish with salt,
pepper, mustard, vinegar, parsley and other	6.Seasoning.
kinds of spice.
7.It is Italian food made of flour, eggs and

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water, cut in the shape of long thin tubes,
which is cooked in boiling water.	7.Macaroni.
8.A list of all the dishes which you can
order in a restaurant or in a canteen.	8.A menu.
9.A thing in which you keep butter.	9.A butter dish.

II. Make up similar talks. Follow the models:

M.1.St.1. Where do you usually have dinner?

M.2.St.1. What shall we take for lunch? Or: What would you like to take for …?

M.3.St.1. What is your favourite dish?

M.4.St.1. What meat courses have you on the menu today?

M.5.St.1. What if we take some fish for lunch?

Invitations to Meals:

M.1. St.1:- Come and have tea with us, will you? (would you?)

M.2. St.1: - Dinner is served.

M.3. St.1: - Will (would) you lunch with me tomorrow?

M.4. St.1:- S., Could you and Ned have dinner with me?

M.5. St.1: - I say, let's go to one of those cafes in N. street.

St.2. On week-days I have it at the school canteen.

St.2. I'd like to take some soup. Or: Anything will do.

St.2. I'm fond of fried fish and chips.

St.2. Oh, there are all kinds of dishes on the menu today. I can recommend you a mutton chop with vegetables.

St.2. No, I wouldn't, as I had it in the morning. Or: I don't care much for it. It doesn't look very appetizing. Or: It's too much for me. I'm not very hungry.

Ways of Answering:

St.2: - I'd like to. (With pleasure). St.2: - Thank you.

St.2: - I will (would).

St.2: - We'd like to, but we are sorry we can't. We are dining out today (tonight). Another time perhaps.

St.2: - Well, I don't mind. (All right).

Expressions Used at Table

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M.1. St.1: - Pass me the bread, please. or :Will (would) you pass me the bread?

M.2. St.1: - Can I pass you some vegetables?

M.3. St.: - (Won’t you) help yourself to the roast beef (some more apple-pie, some more of this marmalade, some pepper)?

M.4. St.1: - Now try (taste) some rabbit, will you would you?

M.5. St.1: - What shall I help you to now?

M.6. St.1: - Let me help you to some more of these sweets.

M.7. St.1: - You are a poor eater. I'm afraid, you've made a poor meal.

M.8. St.1.: - Shall I treat you to some bacon and eggs, (the pickles) Ann?

M.9. St.1.: - May I trouble you for a glass of water, please? (…for a candy)

M.10. St.1.: - Well, how do you find the soup?

M.11. St.1.: - Have (take) the mixed

St.2: - Certainly. or: Here you're.

St.2: - Do, please. But you are giving me too much, half of it will do (half the vegetables…).

St.2: - Thank you, with pleasure. I'll take some.

or: - Just a little bit, please.

or: - Thank you, I really think I’ll take a little more (of it).

or: - Thank you, I don’t take pepper.

or: - I’d rather not, thank you. or: - No more, thank you. I have had (quite) enough.

St.2: - Only a small piece, please. It's very nice, indeed.

St.2: - I think I'll trouble you for another slice of the cold beef. It's my favourite dish.

St.2: - No, thank you. I don't care for sweets.

St.2: - I've done very well, indeed. I've made an excellent meal.

St.2.: - Thank you. I'll have just a little to taste. or: I've had enough. or: I'm no longer hungry.

St.2. - Here it is, Kate.

St.2. - It is excellent (delicious, not bad, too cold, a bit overdone (underdone), absolutely tasteless, too salty.

or: - I find it too salty.

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salad!	St.2. - Thank you. But I should
	better have some beetroot salad.
III. Respond to the following questions and statements:
M.St.1. Have some macaroni, please.	St.2.Thank you. I've had quite
	enough.
	or: Thank you, with pleasure.

1.What is there on the menu? 2.Help yourself to some sweets.

3.Let me help you to some more of these biscuits.

4.Won't you help yourself to the bacon? 5.Why aren't you eating anything?

6.I am afraid, you've made a poor meal.

7.Any more cakes?

8.Well, how do you find the pie?

9.Shall I treat you to some rabbit?

10.Will you dine with me after this lesson? 11.You are a poor eater, I’m afraid.

12.Let me help you to some more of these pickles.

13.Try this pudding. It looks very appetizing.

14.Help yourself to the ham! 15.Pass me the salt, please. 16.I've put too much weight on.

17.The salad is seasoned with mayonnaise. 18.What if we take some mashed potatoes with chops, Barbara?

19.Nick, when do you usually have a bite, I wonder?

1.There are all kinds of things. 2.I don't care for sweets.

3.No, thank you. I don't care for biscuits. or: Thank you, I'll take some.

4.Just a little bit, please.

5.Thank you, I'm not hungry. I am no longer hungry.

6.I've done very well, indeed. I've made an excellent meal.

7.I'd rather not. Thank you.

8.It is excellent (not bad, a bit overdone, a bit underdone). 9.Thank you. I'll have just a little to taste.

10.I will. (Well, I don't mind). 11.You are right.

12.No more, thank you. I have had enough.

13.With pleasure. 14.Just a little bit, please. 15.Here it is.

16.You should go on a diet.

17.I don't take mayonnaise at all.

18.If we take something else it will be too much for us, I am afraid.

19.As soon as I have some spare time between my classes, I go to the canteen.

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20.Bob always keeps somebody a company to the canteen to be treated to something tasty.

21.Now try some beefsteak.

22.Won't you help yourself to some more ice-cream.

20.It's natural. He likes to eat very much. If he doesn't go on a diet, he will put on too much weight.

21.Only a small piece, please.

22.No, thank you. I don't care for ice-cream.

IV. What could the words of the first speaker be if the second responds in the following way?

1.It is out of the question.	1.Let’s go to the restaurant now.
2.I haven’t tasted it yet.	2.The pudding is very tasty.
3.Thank you. No more, please.	3.Will you take some more marmalade?
4.You don’t say so!	4.I’ve never had sausage.
5.It’s high time to do it.	5.Let’s have a bite.
6.Let’s have a bite.	6.I’m hungry.
7.I’d like to have some fruit now.	7.What else would you like to have?
8.Another time, perhaps.	8.Will you dine with me?
9.Here it is.	9.Will you pass me the pepper, please?
10.Tastes differ.	10.I don’t like cheese.
11.I’ve made an excellent meal.	11.Are you satisfied with your dinner?
12.No more, thank you.	12.Any more sausage?
13.Oh, thank you. It’s quite enough!	13.Shall I help you to some more
	beefsteak?

V. Answer the following questions:

A. 1.In what other way can we call breakfast, dinner, lunch, supper? 2.How many meals a day do Russian people (Englishmen) usually have? 3.What can you drink if you are thirsty? 4.What do you call a fried piece of bread? 5.What things do we usually put on the table for tea (for dinner)? 6.What do we spread on the table? 7.What do we usually bake on holidays? 8.What do we call a person who waits on us in a restaurant? 9.What question do we usually ask a waitress after a meal at a restaurant? 10.What spice do you know? 11.What can we pour into a glass? 12.What do we drink tea with? 13.What do we say about a person who is fond of sweet things? 14.What do we say when people don’t have dinner at home? 15.What do we call a book in which we can find many recipes? 16.What do you generally say when you are hungry? 17.What vegetables or fruit do we peel before eating? 18.What ingredients are there in mixed salad? 19 What do we call a shop where greens are sold (are on sale)? 20.What else can people buy in the greengrocer’s? 21.What kind of soup do you know? 22.What do we usually do with our soup before we are going to have dinner? 23.In what

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seasons can we buy tangerines (lemons, oranges) in our parts? 24.What do we usually do after having a meal? 25.What can people have for dessert? 26.What food can we take for an outing? 27.How much does a good dinner in our student’s canteen cost? (in a modern restaurant?) 28.Where can people boil water? 29.What can we stew? 30.Is it correct to say that “tastes differ”? 31.What do you usually say when you want some dish, but it is on the other side of the table? 32.All the canteens in our town are self-service canteens, aren’t they?

B. 1.What vegetables do people usually preserve for winter? 2.Have you ever preserved fruit? Does it take much time to do it? 3.Have you ever underdone or overdone some dish? 4.How many meals a day do you have as a rule? 5.Are you always satisfied with your meals? 6.Do you make your breakfast yourself? 7.What do you have for breakfast? 8.Do you have eggs (vegetables, juice, any sausage, any bread and butter) for breakfast? 9.What eggs do you prefer, hard-boiled or soft-boiled? 10.Do you have black or white tea (black or white coffee)? 11.Who makes breakfast for you? 12.You have enough time for breakfast, C., don’t you? 13.You don’t have your breakfast in a hurry either, G., do you? 14.What do you usually take to begin your breakfast with? 15.What breakfast do you prefer, a substantial one or just some sandwiches with tea, cocoa or coffee? 16.What have you had for breakfast today? 17.Do you feel hungry at midday? 18.When do you have your lunch (dinner)? 19.What do you have for lunch? 20.Do you usually have a light or a big dinner? 21.What kind of soup do you prefer for dinner? 22.You always take a meat course for dinner, don’t you? 23.A dinner of how many courses does your family usually have? 24.How many persons do you usually serve the table for dinner? 25.What dish do you take to begin your dinner with? 26.You sometimes dine out, don’t you? 27.What do you usually order for dinner if you go to the canteen? 28.How often do you go to a restaurant? 29.What dishes do you usually order if you go to a restaurant to have dinner (lunch)? 30.What do you prefer for the second course, beefsteak or roast-beef; porridge or macaroni? 31.Do you like vinegar for a meat course? 32.Have you ever had fried or stewed rabbit? Was it delicious? 33.What kind of salad do you like to have for dinner? 34.What do you like tomato and cucumber salad with, seasoned with oil or sour-cream? 35.What do you prefer for dessert: lemonade, juice, beer, mineral water? (apples or pears? tangerines or oranges? jelly or stewed fruit)? 36.What would you prefer to drink if you are thirsty? 37. When do you have supper? 38.What do you usually have for supper? 39.What bread do you take for supper, white or brown? 40.Do you sometimes have any milk or yogurt for supper? 41.What vegetables do you have for supper? 42.Do you take any cakes or sweets for supper? 43.What would you like to have for supper today? 44.What fish do you prefer for supper, canned or fried? 45.If there are mutton chops and beefsteak on the menu for supper in the canteen, what would you take? 46.Would you prefer fried or mashed potatoes for supper? (porridge or potatoes?) 47.Would you like herring with potatoes for supper? 48.Do you have supper in the kitchen or in the living-room?

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C. 1.Will you put on too much weight, if you eat too much? 2.Will you take away the dirty dishes after dinner until your mother asks you to do it? 3.Will milk go bad unless you put it into the fridge? 4.Will a waiter wait on you if you don’t ask him to do it? 5.Will you sit down to table until it is served? 6.Has your cousin told you when she will give her birthday-party? 7.Will you eat eggs unless you boil them? 8.I think you’ll take some soup, macaroni and tea with a roll if you go to this cafeteria, won’t you? 9.Will dough begin rising until I put it in a warm place? 10.Will you go to the vegetable garden if the weather is fine tomorrow? 11.For how long will you make your niece sit at table if she doesn’t eat? 12.Will you arrange a house-warning party when you move to a new flat?

VI. Respond like in the models speaking about your relatives, acquaintances, friends:

M.1.St.1: My little granddaughter is fond of sweets for dessert.

M.2.St.1: L.’s mother often has a stomach-ache. So she never takes pepper.

St.2: So is my nephew.

St.2: Neither does my grandfather.

1.My cousin always has tangerines, oranges or bananas for dessert. 2.My girlfriend can cook different dishes if she has recipes and all the necessary ingredients. 3.We are three in the family, that’s why Mother usually serves the table for three persons. 4.Bertha always enjoys her aunt’s dishes. 5.The Nelsons, a young couple, are dining out tonight. 6.Irene seldom breaks saucers or plates while washing up. 7.K.’s sister has a sweet tooth. 8.It gives me no trouble to clear the table after a meal. 9.My uncle doesn’t like overdone and tough meat. 10.My granny always tastes dishes while cooking them. 11.Pepper is out of the question for our dinner. 12.P.’s breakfast usually doesn’t consist of one course. 13.My younger sister’s mouth waters whenever she sees a tart. 14.I should like some cherries now. 15.My aunt often has a stomach-ache, that’s why she never takes mustard or pepper. 16.My father doesn’t like any cakes. 17.A.’s grandmother prefers tea without sugar. 18.Lemons always taste sour. 19.Tangerines usually taste sweet. 20.Biscuits never taste bitter. 21.Champing is a sign of bad table manners. 22.N. is a poor eater. 23.Roastmeat is your uncle’s favourite dishes. 24.I can never find anything to my taste in our buffet. 25.Champagne is an expensive drink.

VII. Express your opinions, agreement or disagreement following the models:

M.1.St.1: Everybody likes mustard and pepper for a meal.

St 2: I’m afraid you are mistaken.

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M.2.St. 1: Everybody is fond of fruit.

Quite a few people like them. St.2: Sure.

1.Every day there are all kinds of things on the menu in our institute canteen: bananas, meat courses, different kinds of salad and so on. 2.People usually have a breakfast of three courses. 3 It is difficult to cook milk-soup. 4.Most people don’t care for tea with lemon. 5.You don’t mind standing in a queue. 6.Nobody helps you or your mother to serve the table for dinner on Sunday. 7.Every family preserves vegetables in autumn. 8.It doesn’t take a hostess much time to make meat-pies (mince-pies). 9.It usually takes us half an hour to boil eggs. 10.Mineral water is the most favourite drink with you. 11.Your grandmother is fond of baking and does it not only on holidays and Sundays, but on week-days, too. 12.You always have a meat course for supper. 13.All the members of your family dine out every day except Sunday. 14.You cook tasty things as well as your mother. 15.Your groupmates and you often have a bite at our University buffet. 16.The members of your family often use a cookery book before cooking dishes. 17.Our mothers often have to stand in a queue when they go shopping. 18.Everybody is fond of ice-cream. 19.All the members of your family organize birthday-parties on their birthdays. 20.Many hostesses can cook without using a cookery book. 21.Your mother always uses a cookery-book when she preserves pickles. 22.Plum pudding is eaten in England at Christmas. 23.The usual English breakfast is porridge, bacon and eggs and tea or coffee. 24.According to the British custom a birthday cake is dressed (ornamented) with burning candles, the number of which shows the age of the person whose birthday is celebrated. 25.Mineral water is useful for our health. 26.Everybody is fond of highly seasoned dishes and sauce. 27.I think beets, cucumbers, carrots and cautiflower are fruits. 28.Pelmeni and pilaff are the most delicious dishes. 29.Peaches grow in our place. 30.We don’t need any dough to cook pelmeni. 31.A lot of men can cook very well. 32.A butter-dish is used for keeping sugar and a sugar-bowl is used for keeping butter. 33.There is always a salt-cellar, a mustard-pot, a pepper-box on each table in canteens. 34.A mincingmachine is usually used for making macaroni. 35.We don’t use garlic and onions when we cook food. 36.Pelmeni is Englishmen’s favourite dish and bacon and eggs is the Russians’ favourite dish. 37.Garlic, parsley, pepper and horse-radish are spice. 38.When soup is not salty, it tastes good. 39.Salt is a white poison. 40.Many sick people take chicken broth for the first course. 41.Most children prefer candies to cornflakes and ice-cream.

VIII. Guess what one wants to say if he (she) begins his (her) statements like this:

M.St.1: If you invite your friends to your place on some holiday, you say…

St.2: If I invite my friends to my place on some holiday, I

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1.If somebody eats much substantial food and is always hungry we say that he is…

2.If you have put on too much weight your mother says to you that you should…

3.If somebody has some pieces of cake or an icecream or some fruit with some tea or coffee we say that he…

4.If you haven’t had any food for a long period of time and you are hungry, you say that you…

5.If somebody often has a stomach-ache and doesn’t eat much salt, pepper or mustard, we say that he…

6.If we peel some vegetables, mix and season them with oil or mayonnaise we say we are going to…

7.You can make mixed salad if you have such vegetables as…

8.If it takes you 40 minutes to cook a dish, but you have already cooked it for an hour, it means that your dish is…

9.If you have a big harvest of tomatoes in summer you can…

10.If we want to have a bite we can go… 11.If you want to preserve cucumbers you are to…

12.If you are in a buffet and order a cup of lemonade, you…

13.If your doctor advises you not to have much meat and bread, but to have much fruit, vegetables and juice, you…

14.If you spread a table-cloth on the table, put some plates, spoons, forks, knives on it, you… 15.If I want my friend to be quick I say…

16.If you are greatly surprised at something you can exclaim…

17.If you like cocoa more than coffee you say that

say I’m giving a party.

1.… a heavy eater.

2.… go on a slimming diet.

3.… has dessert, (breakfast) or: …has a sweet tooth.

4.… die from hunger (are starving).

5.… avoids highly seasoned food.

6.… make salad.

7.… beets, carrots, potatoes, cucumbers or cabbage, onions and lettuce.

8.… overdone.

9.… pickle them.

10.… to the buffet.

11.… pickle them.

12.… have a drink.

13.… will follow her advice.

14.… lay the table.

15.… “Hurry up!” “Be quick!”

16.… “You don’t say so!”

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you…

18.Instead of saying, for example: “Have some more salad” you may say…

19.If a girl has soup for the first course, mashed potatoes with cucumbers for the second course and some pudding for dessert we may say that she…

20.If a child asks you for some tea or water we are sure that…

21.In summer when it is hot everybody…

22.Going to a football match now is…

17.… prefer …

18.… “Help yourself to some more salad.”

19.… has dinner; has a dinner of 3 courses.

20.… it is thirsty.

21.… is thirsty; goes to a river (a lake); goes on a hiking.

22.… out of the question.

IX. When or under what condition are the following actions possible?

1.My cousin will help her sister to take away the dirty dishes if…

2.We shall not begin having a meal unless…

3.We shall have a tart for dessert if… 4.Mrs. Thompson will not give a party unless…

5.Kate will bake a cake when…

6.We shall not go to a restaurant unless…

7.I shall die of hunger if…

8.I shall not lay the table again unless… 9.I’ll make some hot dogs for you when…

10.I’ll not clear the table unless… 11.We shall not make toasts unless… 12.She will go on a diet if…

13.I shall not make dough unless…

14.I shall boil eggs for you if…

15.My mother will not begin cooking

1.… she is tree.

2.… all the members of the family come.

3.… you help me to whip up eggs.

4.… Mrs. Brown agrees to help her cooking all the dishes.

5.… she finds a recipe for it.

or: … if I buy eggs and sugar.

6.… Mother comes;

… Mother gets her wages.

7.… you don’t give me something for a bite.

8.… you clear the table.

9.… I have time (if I have all the necessary foodstuffs).

10.… you help me.

11.… you cut up the bread.

12.… she puts on too much weight.

13.… Mother buys yeast.

14.… you don’t like scrambled ones.

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dinner unless…

16.I won’t wash up until…

17.I shall help Mother to lay the table if… 18.You will not put on too much weight until…

19.I will dine out if…

20.I will dine in a restaurant every day if… 21.The family won’t start dining until… 22.I will go to the market for fruit and vegetables when…

23.I will ask my groupmate to keep me a company in a café if…

15.… my father does shopping.

16.… my sister takes away the dirty dishes.

17.… I have some spare time.

18.… you keep to a diet.

19.… we haven’t any dinner at home.

20.… I become rich.

21.… Grandmother lays the table.

22.… all the vegetables and fruit in my fridge are over.

23.… I am alone.

X. Think about the time and the condition under which the actions are possible while answering the following questions:

1.On what condition will roastbeef not be tough? 2.What will you serve the table with when guests come to your place? 3.Under what condition will you serve the table for ten or more persons? 4.Till what time will you simmer carrots and onions in oil for soup? 5.When will you be able to lay the table for dinner? 6.Under what condition will you go shopping? 7.Till what time will you stay in a restaurant? 8.Till what time will you boil meat for soup? 9.When will you serve the table for breakfast? 10.Under what condition will you have a bite? 11.In what case will you go on a diet? 12.Till what time will oranges, tangerines, bananas, grapes, pears be on sale at our market? 13.In what case will a person put on too much weight? 14.On what condition will milk go bad? 15.In what case will you have a full-course dinner in a canteen? 16.Till what time will you boil fruit for jam? 17.When will you remove force-meat with vegetables from a frying-pan into a sauce-pan for soup? 18.Under what condition will dough rise quicker? 19.On what condition will stewed fruit be sweet? 20.Till what time will you fry chops? 21.What will you do if you overdo meat? 22.On what condition will you live on bread and water? 23.When will your family sit down to dinner? 24.On what condition will you avoid talking with your friend? 25.When will you whip up eggs? 26.Till what time will you be on a diet? 27.When will you fry chicken? 28.I wonder how long you will whip up eggs if you cook a tart? 29.On what condition will you help your sister to peel potatoes? 30.On what condition will you help me to wait on the guests? 31.Till what time will your sister stick to a diet? 32.When shall we be able to taste this fruit cake? 33.When will you cook bacon and eggs for me? 34.Will you keep me a company to a café if you are not busy tomorrow in the morning? 35.What will you do first before you begin cooking a tart? 36.What shall we do when the guests come? 37.What

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will you cook when your birthday comes? 38.How long will you boil eggs which your mother needs for salad? 39.What will you not begin doing unless everybody finishes her (his) meal? 40.Shall I be allowed to have tea with cakes as soon as I cope with the porridge? 41.Am I to peel potatoes until the pan is full of them? 42.Under what condition will you cook breakfast instead of your mother? 43.What will your mother not begin doing unless you spread a tablecloth? 44.What will you buy when you save much money? 45.On what condition will you stick to a fattening diet? 46.What will you treat your guests to when you have a birthday-party? 47.When will you pour tea? 48.What will you do in the kitchen when your mother comes? 49.Will you eat oranges unless you peel them? 50.Will you go to the refreshment-room to have a bite when the lesson is over? 51.Shall we not begin having breakfast until coffee or tea is ready? 52.How long will you boil the broth? 53.Will you take some sandwiches with you if you go on a hiking? 54.Will you put potatoes into soup until you peel them? 55.Under what condition won’t you go to the café with us today in the afternoon? 56.Will you help your little brother to breakfast until he asks you to?

XI. Tell us what:

M. T.: It is useful to do or to have.

1.… useful

2.… useless

3.… pleasant

4.… unpleasant

5.… easy

St.: It is useful for all people to be on a diet. or: It is useful for everybody to have a glass of fruit juice in the morning.

1.… to boil eggs for about twenty minutes;

…to have some red wine before having a meal.

2.… to eat much honey at a time;

…for Benny to ask his mother for a candy before a meal;

…to eat much in the evening before going to bed;

…for children to give up meat altogether;

3.… to drink a glass of cool lemonade or soda-water in hot weather;

…to have a glass of refreshing kvass on a stuffy summer day;

…to have a cup of coffee early in the morning;

4.… to eat food without any spice for those who is fond of highly seasoned food;

…to stick to a strict diet and to eat tasteless food;

…to hear someone’s champing at table.

5.… to cook scrambled eggs;

…for my grandmother to beat some cream, eggs and sugar into a mixture without using a mixer;

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6. … difficult	6. … to work as a waiter or a waitress;
	… to stick to a diet;
	… for me to pickle cucumbers and tomatoes, as I don’t
	know what ingredients to use.
7. … bad for people	7. … for elderly people to eat fat and highly seasoned
to do or have	dishes;
	… to talk over a meal;
	… to champ while having a meal;
	… to laugh at table.
8. … good	8. … to wish everybody a good appetite at table;
	… to thank the host after a meal.
9. … you, your	9. … The Georgians prefer pepper to mustard.
groupmates or	… oranges to pears, stewed potatoes to boiled ones;
friends, people of	mineral water to other drinks; fruit juice to stewed fruit;
different	fish to meat; fruit to cakes, etc.
nationalities prefer
10. … convenient	10. … to boil soup in a sauce-pan;
	… to use a mixer to whip up eggs.
11. … inconvenient	11. … to eat off a knife.
12. … necessary	12. … to go shopping at week-ends;
	… to boil water before drinking it.
13. … unnecessary	13. … to season your salad with mayonnaise.

XII. Point out the consequences:

M.T. or St.1: You have come to the university canteen, but it’s locked.

St.2: In such a case I shall have to go to another canteen or café and have a meal there.

1.You have put salt twice into the soup by chance. Now your family is having dinner. 2.You’ve forgotten to cover up the meat on the plate in the kitchen. 3.You’ve failed to bake a cake for your daughter’s birthday. 4.Your sister has just married and the young couple lives without their parents. Neither she, not her husband can cook. 5.Your mother hasn’t seasoned the mixed salad with oil. 6.We are in a café before going to work. We’ve ordered our dinner, but we have been waiting for a waitress for half an hour already. 7.Many of your fellowstudents don’t keep mealtime. 8.Your girl-friend is fond of cakes, sweets, icecream, raisins and so on. 9.It’s very hot today. You are thirsty. But there is neither mineral water, nor fruit juice in the shop. 10.Your sister has upset her cup and spilt milk on the table-cloth. 11.Your brother has drunk cold beer from the refrigerator. 12.You would like to have some salad, but there are no fresh

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vegetables at home. 13.Your grandfather had a smoke before breakfast. 14.Your mother hasn’t put the ice-cream she has bought for her children into the frig. 15.There are no meat courses on the menu in the canteen today.

XIII. Explain the reasons:

M. St.1: Look! Nina is presenting Pamela with a cookery book.

St.2: I suppose it’s Pamela’s birthday today. She must have come of age today.

1.My neighbour is a fat man. 2.Mary is a heavy eater. 3.We are seeing our girlfriend off. 4.A. always has only white bread and never drinks wine. 5.Celebrating a wedding in that canteen is out of the question. 6.B. is hurrying to the green-grocer’s. 7.We are leaving, but K. and P. are going to stay in the restaurant for two hours more. 8.Z. is very thirsty after a meal. 9.My sister usually dines out. 10.S. often has meals in restaurants. 11.Mother is very busy in the kitchen. 12.Look at the smiling faces of your groupmates. I guess they have made an excellent meal.

XIV. Express your opinion:

1.It is more convenient to have one’s meals at home, not at a canteen. 2.It is better to have a meal alone than in a company (or vice versa). 3.It is interesting and not dangerous to talk over one’s meal. 4.Many people don’t care for fish as it is not useful. 5.It’s not necessary to keep one’s meal time. 6.It is better to go to bed after having a good meal than being hungry. 7.It is always necessary to eat up everything. 8.There are always all kinds of tasty and substantial dishes in our buffet (students’ canteen). 9.A cookery book is the best present for a girl of 18. 10.It’s not necessary to see off your guests after a birthday-party. 11.A mincingmachine is the most necessary thing in the kitchen. 12.Chicken is tastier than goose or any other kind of cooked meat. 13.Every child is fond of cakes, icecream and chewing gum.

XV. Inquire about the details, then sum up what you have learnt. Work in pairs or in groups:

M.T. or St.1: I am going to have dinner.

St.1: At a canteen.

St.1: Yes, I am.

St.1: Yes, I am, as I have had six lessons today.

St.2: Where are you going to have it? St.3: Are you going to a self-service canteen?

St.4: Are you as hungry as a hunter?

St.5: What will you take for dinner to begin with?

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M.T.: Give a few pieces of advice to an elderly relative of yours who gained too much weight.

St.1: I think I’ll take some salad to begin with.

St.1: I think I’ll take a full-course dinner. It is sometimes very good. Besides it saves money.

St.6: What will you take for the first course?

St.7: A., our groupmate, is going to have dinner at a self-service canteen. She is as hungry as a hunter as she has had six lessons since morning. She is going to take a full-course dinner and some salad to begin her dinner with.

1.My grandmother is cooking my favourite dish. 2.The soup is already boiling. 3.Look! There are a lot of tasty things on the table. 4.G. is a very poor eater. 5.The children are thirsty. 6.There are all kinds of dishes on the menu today. 7.We are in the refreshment-room. 8.Look! A mother and a daughter are laying the table. 9.The Nelsons are dining out tonight. 10.Everybody in our family is fond of vegetables and fruit.

XVI. Give a few pieces of advice:

St.1: You must eat more fresh fruit and vegetables. Avoid sweets and biscuits. Give up cakes and pies altogether. Walk as much as possible. Go in for sports.

1. … to your groupmate who suffers from a stomach-ache; 2. … who has a bad eye-sight; 3. … who often has headaches; 4. … to your elderly aunt who suffers from low blood pressure; 5. … to your uncle who suffers from high blood pressure; 6. … to your little nephew who often has toothaches; 7. … to your niece, a first-year student, who is busy at the university all day long.

XVII. Imagine you are a mother (or an elder sister) teaching your younger brother how to behave at table:

M.St.1: Being at table don’t fiddle

with your fork and spoon. St.2: Sorry? Does your mother ask you not to fiddle with your fork and spoon while at table?

St.1: Yes, she does.

1.Hold your knife in the right hand and fork in the left hand. 2.Don’t be greedy at table. Take as much food as you can eat up. 3.Don’t look into your neighbours’ plates. 4.Sit still and straight at table, don’t fitget or you may drop food on the floor or break some dish. 5.Don’t hurry (don’t be in a hurry)! Chew

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your food thoroughly. Don’t swallow it without chewing. 6.Keep your mouth closed not to chew noisily. 7.Don’t talk over a meal with your mouth full. 8.Never read while eating. 9.Never lick your fingers, plate or spoon after a meal. 10.Never make bread balls. 11.Don’t crumb your bread. 12.Never eat anything off a knife. 13.Don’t sit sideways at table. 14.Never put your elbows on the table. 15.Don’t be naughty at table making much noise. 16.Put a napkin near your plate. 17.Wipe your mouth with a napkin, but not with your sleeve after a meal. 18.Wish everybody a good appetite. 19.Don’t pick your teeth with a fork or a needle. 20.Don’t spit anything out of your mouth, put it accurately on your napkin. 21.Don’t build fortresses of bones. 22.Don’t sneeze with your mouth full. 23.Always wash your hands before sitting down to table.

XVIII. What would you say under the following circumstances?

1.In your talk with your groupmates you describe your usual meals a) breakfast, lunch, supper; b) your holiday meals; c) how you lay the table for a birthdayparty.2.You tell your grandmother to whom you have come to spend your vacation about your favourite dishes.3.You describe to your mother the food you were served at the sports camp.4.Your English friend describes to you a) traditional English dishes; b) meals in Britain. 5.Your good acquaintance and you exchange recipes and experience as to how to cook a) some dishes: toasts, cheese pancakes, mushroom-soup, etc. b) how to make a tart; c) dough for pelmeni; d) your favourite salad; e) stewed poultry; f) roast.

XIX. Describe the way of cooking some dish mentioning all the necessary ingredients for your groupmates to guess what dish it is.

XX. Speak about your meals and food comparing them with Englishmen’s.

XXI. Prove that:

1.It is necessary to have three meals a day. 2.The café “Nostalgie” is the best in our town. 3.Your mother can cook very well. 4.You can cook a holiday meal. 5.You know table-manners very well. 6.The profession of a cook is as interesting and noble as the profession of a teacher.

XXII. Have talks on the following situations:

1.Your friend and you discuss the menu and choose the dishes for lunch at the institute self-service canteen. 2.You have got an invitation to your girl-friend’s birthday-party (to a New Year’s party). You have a talk with her. She asks you for a piece of advice as to how to arrange a party better and what to serve the guests. 3.You are at your friend’s place (at a restaurant, at a café). You speak

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over your meal exchanging remarks about the quality of the dishes. 4.You speak to a doctor. You tell him (her) about your illness, then he (she) explains to you what diet you must stick to. 5.Being an inexperienced cook, you consult your mother (neighbour) about the way a particular dish is cooked. 6.Two old acquaintances meet each other in one of the streets of the town. One of them is an Englishman, the other is Russian. They exchange information about English and Russian mealtime and meals.

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Учебное издание

Иванова Лилия Михайловна Старостина Наталия Михайловна

Учись проявлять инициативу в речи

Учебное пособие

Подписано в печать 30.01.2009. Формат 60х84/16. Бумага писчая. Печать оперативная. Усл. печ. л. 6,9.

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Отпечатано на участке оперативной полиграфии ГОУ ВПО «Чувашский государственный педагогический университет им. И. Я. Яковлева» 428000, Чебоксары, ул. К. Маркса, 38

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