Lab_ex_yadern_fiz

21

. ,

, . . 2.2

, m, 1/ 2 Rmax.

-

ln (I 0/I ) , ( ),

.2.4) ( -1).

m , 2.

-

1/2 ,

-

- -

,

(2.4).

- ( .2.2)

-

.2.4. -

, (2.3) -

.

2 ,

lnI X, 2, .

, m,

1/ 2 Rmax , .

Z0 ,

.

, -

.

, .

, ,

- .

,

, ,

, ,

.

22

3

.

, 10747 Ag

10947 Ag ; -

.

. -

.

,

( ).

. -

(n, ), (n, p), ( n, ), (n , 2n) .,

- , -

- ).

.

( n , ) .

.

- . -

. -

.

	A 1 n A 1 C A 1 C						,
	z	0		z		Z
A	,	A 1	C		A 1
z		z			Z C - - -
.						A 1C .
						Z

, -

. -

, -

.

, N0 1 2, n -

, , ,

:

N = n * N0 * ,

(3.1)

23

-

.

N t,

, t . dt -

n N0 dt , N dt, -

.

dt

dN n N 0 dt N dt ,

dN	n N 0 N .
		(3.2)
dt

-

. , -

:

N = n N0 ,

(3.3)

= 1 / - .

N .

, ,

.

(3.2),

:
N = N (1 - e - ).	(3.4)

, -

, 4 - 5 -.

, t << , .

, (3.2) (3.4) t , N = n N0 t . ,

. -

.3.1.

,

. -

:

10747 Ag + 01n 10847 Ag + ,

24

			10947	Ag + 01n 11047 Ag +		.
								10747 Ag
	=2,4	107	Ag					1/2	= 24,2 .
1/2		47
, 10848 Cd 11048 Cd :
			10747	Ag 10848 Cd	+ e ,		;
			11047	Ag 11048 Cd	+ e ,		.

-

- 10847 Ag 11047 Ag , -

J dNdt N .

. 3.1. N= N (1-	- t	),	T 0.693		-

:

JJ 01 e 1 t J 02 e 2 t ,

J01 J02 -

(t=0).

( .3.2) -

,

108	Ag (	1/2	= 2,4 )	110	Ag = 24,2 ).
47				47	1/2

25

1 2 -

1 2 , . tg 1 = 1 , tg 1 = 2 .

. 3.2. , -

-

.

. 50 25 1

, -

. -

, , .

-

( -1500). -

.

.

1. 10847 Ag

10847 Ag -

,

, . .

26

t, 11047 Ag . -

t, .

( ), - 10847 Ag .

2. 11047 Ag

11047 Ag ,

t, -

, -

. t

, ,

. -

, , -

, .

-

. (t = 0) ,

. -

( )

. -

, -

.

.

-

J0, J, t.

(J0, J, t) 1/2 (J0, J, t).

3. 10847 Ag

, -

11047 Ag . ,

-

.

, . -

J J (1 e t )

f ( t ) l n( J J ) , J - .

10847 Ag .

27

.

,

20 .

,

, -

, . -

, .

,

.

.

, -

.

1. . . 1. .:	-
, 1983.

2./ , ,

. .: , 1972.

3.., . :

. .: , 1996.

4.. . .: -

, 1977.

28

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21.12.99		60 84 1/16
			. . 1,63
.- . . 1,43		305	“ ”

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620002, , , 19

29

, 620002, , , 19