ГИА 2013

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

5

ɑɚɫɬɶ 1

ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɫ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɦ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ (1–18) ɨɛɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɤɪɭɠɤɨɦ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɜ ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧɚ ɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ.

1ɇɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɢ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɥɚ AX ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ T. Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɦɭ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɬɟɥɚ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɨɫɢ ?

1) AB ɢ CD

2) BC ɢ DE

3) ɬɨɥɶɤɨ Bɋ

4) ɬɨɥɶɤɨ DE

2Ʉ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɟ ɞɢɧɚɦɨɦɟɬɪɚ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɢɥɢ ɝɪɭɡ ɦɚɫɫɨɣ M = 0,5 ɤɝ, ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɹɧɭɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ 4 ɫɦ. Ʉɚɤɨɜɚ ɠɺɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɵ?

1) 2 ɇ/ɦ

2) 1,25 ɇ/ɦ

3) 50 ɇ/ɦ

4) 125 ɇ/ɦ

3ɉɨ ɝɥɚɞɤɨɣ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɞɜɢɠɭɬɫɹ ɞɜɟ ɲɚɣɛɵ ɦɚɫɫɚɦɢ M1 = 1 ɤɝ ɢ M2 = 3 ɤɝ ɫɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɹɦɢ V1= 2 ɦ/c ɢ V2 = 1 ɦ/c ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ. Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ

ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɲɚɣɛ ɪɚɜɧɚ

1) –1 Ⱦɠ

2) 2,5 Ⱦɠ

3) 3,5 Ⱦɠ

4) 7 Ⱦɠ

4Ʉɨɥɟɫɨ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɨɦ 50 ɫɦ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɦ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ 60 ɨɛɨɪɨɬɨɜ ɡɚ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɭ. ɋ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɜɢɠɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɱɤɚ ɧɚ ɨɛɨɞɟ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ?

1) § 0,08 ɦ/ɫ

2) § 3,14 ɦ/ɫ

3) § 314 ɦ/ɫ

4) § 188,4 ɦ/ɫ

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

6

5ȼ ɫɨɫɭɞ ɫɨ ɪɬɭɬɶɸ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ȡ ɨɩɭɳɟɧɚ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɢɪɤɚ, ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɚɹ ɪɬɭɬɶɸ ɬɚɤ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ. Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɟ ɬɭɬɶɸ ɧɚ ɞɧɨ ɫɨɫɭɞɚ ɜ ɬɨɱɤɟ , ɪɚɜɧɨɪ

1) gh1

2) gh2

3) g (h1+h2)

4) g (h2 – h1)

6Ȼɪɭɫɨɤ ɦɚɫɫɨɣ 100 ɝ, ɩɨɞɜɟɲɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɥɺɝɤɨɣ ɧɢɬɢ, ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɜɟɪɯ: ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ – ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɹ ɧɚ ɧɢɬɶ ɫɢɥɨɣ F1 = 1,1 ɇ, ɚ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɥɭ-

ɱɚɟ – ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɹ ɧɚ ɧɢɬɶ ɫɢɥɨɣ F1 = 1,5 ɇ. Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɛɪɭɫɤɚ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɦ

ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

1)ɜ 1,5 ɪɚɡɚ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

2)ɜ 1,5 ɪɚɡɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

3)ɜ 5 ɪɚɡ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

4)ɜ 40 ɪɚɡ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

7ɀɢɞɤɭɸ ɜɨɞɭ ɧɚɱɚɥɢ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɬɶ, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɨɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɲɥɚ ɜ ɬɜɺɪɞɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ. Ɇɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɬɜɺɪɞɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ

1)ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɛɥɢɠɟ ɞɪɭɝ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɭ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɠɢɞɤɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ

2)ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɧɚ ɬɟɯ ɠɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɯ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɜ ɠɢɞɤɨɦ

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ

3)ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɞɚɥɶɲɟ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɠɢɞɤɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ

4)ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɛɥɢɠɟ ɞɪɭɝ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɭ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɞɚɥɶɲɟ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ, ɩɨ

ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɠɢɞɤɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ

8ɇɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɭɯ ɬɜɺɪɞɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ – 1 ɢ 2. ȼɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚɯ ɩɪɢ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚɦ, ɭ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ – 1 ɢɥɢ 2 – ɜɵɲɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

7

1)ɭ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ 1 ɜɵɲɟ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɢ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ

ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

2)ɭ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ 1 ɜɵɲɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɭ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ 2 ɜɵɲɟ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ

ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

3)ɭ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ 2 ɜɵɲɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɭ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ 1 ɜɵɲɟ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ

ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

4)ɭ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ 2 ɜɵɲɟ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɢ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ

ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

9ɄɉȾ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɬɪɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɜɟɧ 30%. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ, ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɢɥ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɬɪɚɤɬɨɪɚ, ɢɡɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜɚɜ 3 ɤɝ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ.

1) 0,21 ɆȾɠ

2) 13,8 ɆȾɠ

3) 41,4 ɆȾɠ

4) 460 ɆȾɠ

10Ⱦɜɚ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɯ ɲɚɪɢɤɚ – A ɢ B – ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɬɚɤ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ. Ɉɛɚ ɲɚɪɢɤɚ ɡɚɪɹɠɟɧɵ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ. Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɢɡ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɨɜ, ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɺɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ, ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ, ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɧɚ ɲɚɪɢɤ B ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɲɚɪɢɤɚ A?

1)	1	2)	2	3)	3		4)	4
11 Ⱦɜɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ R1				= 2 Ɉɦ ɢ R2		= 6	Ɉɦ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ
ɜ ɰɟɩɶ, ɫɯɟɦɚ		ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ	ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ	ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ.		Ʉ	ɡɚɠɢɦɚɦ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɰɚɯ ɰɟɩɢ

ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɨ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ. ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɬɨɤɨɜ I2 ɢ I1, ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɵ R2 ɢ R1.

1) I		=	I1	2)	I	=	I1	3) I		= I	4)	I2 = 3I1
	2								2
		6			2	3					1

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

8

12ȼ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɥɨɫɨɜɨɣ ɦɚɝɧɢɬ ɜɵɞɜɢɝɚɸɬ ɢɡ ɫɩɥɨɲɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ, ɚ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɝɨ ɜɵɞɜɢɝɚɸɬ ɢɡ ɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ ɫ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɨɦ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ).

ɂɧɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ

1)ɧɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɧɢ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɢɡ ɤɨɥɟɰ

2)ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɜ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɤɨɥɶɰɚɯ

3)ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɦɟɞɧɨɦ ɤɨɥɶɰɟ

4)ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɤɨɥɶɰɟ

13	ɉɪɟɞɦɟɬ ABCD ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɦ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɟ. ɂɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ A1B1C1D1 ɷɬɨɝɨ
	ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ ɜ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ

1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4

14 ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɦɩɟɪɦɟɬɪɚ .

1)

1

2)

2

3)

3

4)

6

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ɬɟɥɨ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ɬɟɥɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɨ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɦɚɫɫɵ.

		1) ɬɨɥɶɤɨ	2) ɬɨɥɶɤɨ Ȼ		3) ɢ , ɢ Ȼ	4) ɧɢ , ɧɢ Ȼ
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4						9
15		ȕ-ɱɚɫɬɢɰɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ
		1) 1 ɩɪɨɬɨɧɚ ɢ 1 ɧɟɣɬɪɨɧɚ			3) 1 ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɚ
		2) 1 ɩɪɨɬɨɧɚ ɢ 1 ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɚ			4) 2 ɩɪɨɬɨɧɨɜ ɢ 2 ɧɟɣɬɪɨɧɨɜ
16		Ʉɚɤɨɣ(-ɢɟ) ɢɡ ɨɩɵɬɨɜ ȼɵ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢɥɢ ɛɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɫɢɥɚ
		ɪɯɢɦɟɞɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɩɨɝɪɭɠɟɧɨ ɬɟɥɨ?
		Ⱥ. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ,	ɱɬɨ ɜɵɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɫɢɥɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ,			ɟɫɥɢ ɨɞɧɨ ɢ ɬɨ ɠɟ
		ɬɟɥɨ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɫɭɞ ɫ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ
		ɡɚɬɟɦ – ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɫɭɞ ɫ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ.
		Ȼ. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ,	ɱɬɨ ɜɵɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɫɢɥɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɫɹ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɭɞ ɫ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ
	ɉɪɨɱɢɬ ɣɬɟ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɡ ɞ ɧɢɹ 17–19.
			ȼɨɞɹ	ɨɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟ ɟ

ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɚ ɜ ɧɟɡɚɩɚɦɹɬɧɵɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɚ, ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɥɸɞɢ ɧɚɭɱɢɥɢɫɶ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɛɹ ɫɚɦɵɟ ɩɪɢɦɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɠɢɥɢɳɚ. ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɠɢɥɢɳɚ ɨɬɚɩɥɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɤɨɫɬɪɚɦɢ, ɩɨɬɨɦ ɢɯ ɫɦɟɧɢɥɢ ɨɱɚɝɢ, ɡɚɬɟɦ – ɩɟɱɢ. ȼ ɯɨɞɟ

ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɢ ɭɥɭɱɲɚɥɢɫɶ. Ʌɸɞɢ ɭɱɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɩɪɢɞɭɦɵɜɚɥɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ, ɫɬɪɟɦɢɥɢɫɶ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɝɨɪɸɱɟɝɨ ɢ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɣ, ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɤɚɤ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɧɵɯ ɞɨɦɨɜ ɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ. ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ) ɭɞɨɛɧɨ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɠɢɥɨɝɨ ɞɨɦɚ.

Ɋ ɫɭɧɨɤ. ɋ ɫɬɟɦ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧ ɹ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɠ ɥɨɝɨ ɞɨɦ

ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɵ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɩɟɱɶ 1, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɝɨɪɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ – ɞɪɨɜɚ, ɬɨɪɮ, ɤɚɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɝɨɥɶ, ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ, ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɢ ɩɪ. ɉɟɱɶ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬ ɜɨɞɭ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ 2. ɉɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɢ

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

10

ɜɨɞɚ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɟɺ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɨɧɚ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɜɜɟɪɯ ɩɨ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɦɭ ɫɬɨɹɤɭ 3. ȼ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɹɤɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɜɵɯɨɞ ɜ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɭ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɛɚɤ 4, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɨɛɴɺɦ ɜɨɞɵ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɢ. Ɉɬ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɹɤɚ ɨɬɯɨɞɢɬ ɬɪɭɛɚ 5 («ɝɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ»), ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɜɨɞɚ ɩɨɞɚɺɬɫɹ ɤ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦ – ɛɚɬɚɪɟɹɦ 6, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɦ ɢɡ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɫɟɤɰɢɣ ɤɚɠɞɚɹ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ ɨɫɬɵɜɲɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɩɨ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦɭ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ 7 ɜɧɨɜɶ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɨɬɺɥ, ɨɩɹɬɶ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɦɭ ɫɬɨɹɤɭ. ɉɪɢ

ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɨɞɧɨɬɪɭɛɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɜɫɟ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɜɫɟ ɫɟɤɰɢɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɺɧɧɵɦɢ ɤ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɦɭ ɢ ɤ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦɭ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ. ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɜɨɞɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɬɵɜɚɟɬ, ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɞɟɥɚɸɬ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ ɫ ɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɫɟɤɰɢɣ (ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɫ ɪɚɡɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ). ȼ ɬɟɯ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɚɯ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɨɞɚ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɪɚɧɶɲɟ ɢ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ, ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɟɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɹɯ ɞɟɥɚɸɬ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ, ɢ ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ. ȼɨɞɚ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ, ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤɚ ɜ ɩɟɱɢ ɝɨɪɢɬ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ. Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɛɵɥɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ, ɜɫɟ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɟ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɞɟɥɚɸɬ ɥɢɛɨ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ, ɥɢɛɨ ɫ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɭɤɥɨɧɨɦ ɜ ɧɭɠɧɭɸ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ – ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɨɞɚ ɩɨ ɧɢɦ ɲɥɚ ɨɬ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɹɤɚ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɤ ɤɨɬɥɭ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɫɢɥɵ ɬɹɠɟɫɬɢ («ɫɚɦɨɬɺɤɨɦ»). ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɫɝɨɪɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɩɟɱɢ ɜ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ. ȼɨɞɚ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɬɟɦ ɥɭɱɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɢ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɦ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɟɱɶ ɫ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɫɬɚɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɢɠɟ – ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɢɯ ɫɬɚɜɹɬ ɜ ɩɨɞɜɚɥɟ ɥɢɛɨ, ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ, ɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɬ ɞɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɡɟɦɥɢ, ɚ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬ ɩɨ ɱɟɪɞɚɤɭ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɧɟɺ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ. Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɨɤ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɬɶ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ ɢ ɜ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɹɯ, ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɨɬɜɨɞɱɢɤɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɨɞɨɣ (ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵ). Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɧɚ ɬɪɭɛɚɯ ɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɪɚɧɵ 8, ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢɡ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɞɚ.

17Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɥɭɱɲɢɬɶ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɸ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ,

ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

1)ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ

2)ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɤɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɢɠɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ

3)ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɤɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ

4)ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ ɜɵɲɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ

18	Ⱦɥɹ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɱɚɫɬɢ	ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ		ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ,	ɫɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ
	ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɞɧɨɬɪɭɛɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ,		ɨɬ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɥɢ
	ɛɚɬɚɪɟɸ ɜ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ,	ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ	ɞɚɥɶɲɟ	ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɬ	ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɹɤɚ.
	ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɟɠɧɟɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɤɨɬɥɚ

1) ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɚɯ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɥɚɫɶ 2) ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɚɯ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɥɚɫɶ 3) ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɚɯ ɧɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɥɚɫɶ 4) ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɥɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

11

ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ 19 ɫ ɪɚɡɜɺɪɧɭɬɵɦ ɨɬɜɟɬɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬ. Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɟɝɨ. ɉɨɥɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ, ɧɨ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɺɪɧɭɬɨɟ, ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ.

19ɉɪɢ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɶ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɭɸ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɭɝɥɟ, ɡɚɦɟɧɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɩɟɱɶ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɭɸ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɦ ɝɚɡɟ. ɍɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ

ɬɟɩɥɨɬɚ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɹ 22·107Ⱦɠ/ɤɝ, ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ – 3,2·107Ⱦɠ/ɤɝ. Ʉɚɤ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ (ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ) ɦɚɫɫɭ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɫɠɢɝɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɩɟɱɢ ɜ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɩɪɟɠɧɸɸ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ? Ɉɬɜɟɬ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟ.

ɑɚɫɬɶ 2

ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɫ ɤɪɚɬɤɢɦ ɨɬɜɟɬɨɦ (ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ 20–23) ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɫɬɟ.

20 ɋɩɥɨɲɧɨɣ

ɤɭɛɢɤ ɫ

ɪɟɛɪɨɦ

A ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ

ɩɨɝɪɭɠɺɧ

ɜ ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɫɭɞ ɫ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ

ɠ ɬɚɤ,

ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ. Ɋɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ

ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɥɢɧɟɣɤɚ,

ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ

ɤɭɛɢɤɚ ɜ

ɫɨɫɭɞɟ.

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ,

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ ɢ

ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦɢ,

ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɢɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ:

ɤ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ

ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɭ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɥɛɰɚ ɩɨɞɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ

ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɢɡ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɢ ɜɧɟɫɢɬɟ

ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɭ ɨɬɜɟɬɨɜ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɰɢɮɪɵ ɩɨɞ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɛɭɤɜɚɦɢ.

ɢɮɪɵ ɜ ɨɬɜɟɬɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɬɶɫɹ.

ɎɂɁɂɑȿɋɄ

ȼȿɅɂɑɂɇ

ɎɈɊɆɍɅ

)

ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɧɢɠɧɸɸ ɝɪɚɧɶ ɤɭɛɢɤɚ

1)

ɠGA

Ȼ)

ɫɢɥɚ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɝɪɚɧɶ ɤɭɛɢɤɚ

3

ȼ)

ɫɢɥɚ

ɪɯɢɦɟɞɚ, ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɧɚ ɤɭɛɢɤ

2)

ɠGA

2

3)

1

ɠGA3

2

4)

ɠGA3

5)

3

ɠGA3

2

Ɉɬɜɟɬ:

Ȼ

ȼ

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

12

21 Ɍɨɱɟɱɧɨɟ ɬɟɥɨ ɛɪɨɲɟɧɨ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɜɟɪɯ ɫ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ 20 ɦ/ɫ. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɡɚ ɬɪɟɬɶɸ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɭ ɩɨɥɺɬɚ ɬɟɥɚ: ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɬɟɥɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ Ɂɟɦɥɢ; ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɬɟɥɚ; ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɚ ɬɟɥɚ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ: 1) ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ; 2) ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ; 3) ɧɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ.

Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɰɢɮɪɵ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɩɨɞ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɛɭɤɜɚɦɢ. ɢɮɪɵ ɜ ɨɬɜɟɬɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɬɶɫɹ.

ɎɂɁɂɑȿ Ʉɂȿ ȼȿɅɂɑɂɇɕ

)ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɬɟɥɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ Ɂɟɦɥɢ

Ȼ) ɤɢɧɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɬɟɥɚ ȼ) ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɚ ɬɟɥɚ

Ȼ ȼ

Ɉɬɜɟɬ:

ɂɏ ɂɁɆȿɇȿɇɂȿ

1)ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ

2)ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ

3)ɧɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ

22	Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɞɢɫɤ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɨɦ R 40 ɫɦ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ
	ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɫɢ, ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɞɢɫɤɚ. ɇɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɺɧ

ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ A ɬɨɱɟɤ ɞɢɫɤɚ, ɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɟ, ɨɬ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ R ɞɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɞɢɫɤɚ.

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ, ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɢɡ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɱɧɹ ɞ ɚ ɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ. ɍɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɢɯ ɧɨɦɟɪɚ.

1)ɍɝɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɪɚɜɧɚ 4 ɪɚɞ/ɫ.

2)Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɱɤɢ A (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ) ɪɚɜɧɚ 1,6 ɦ/ɫ.

3)Ʌɢɧɟɣɧɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɬɨɱɤɢ B ɜ 2 ɪɚɡɚ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɱɤɢ A.

4)ɍɝɥɨɜɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɱɤɢ B ɪɚɜɧɚ ɭɝɥɨɜɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɱɤɢ A.

5)ɉɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɭɝɥɨɜɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɜ 2 ɪɚɡɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ A(R) ɩɪɨɣɞɺɬ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɬɨɱɤɭ X (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ).

Ɉɬɜ ɬ:

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

13

Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ. 9 ɤɥɚɫɫ. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 4

14

23

ɍɱɟɧɢɤ ɪɟɲɢɥ

ɢɡɭɱɢɬɶ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ

ɰɟɩɶ, ɫɯɟɦɚ

Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ 25 ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɞɚɬɶ

ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ,

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɭɸ ɢɡ ɬɪɺɯ

U

ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ.

ɉɨɥɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ

ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ .

ɜɨɩɪɨɫ, ɧɨ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɺɪɧɭɬɨɟ, ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ.

Ɋɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɵ,

ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥ

ɭɱɟɧɢɤ,

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɬɨɥɫɬɵɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ ɢɡ

ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɝɨ

ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚ,

ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ

ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ

25

ȼ

ɞɜɭɯ

ɡɚɤɪɵɬɵɯ

ɫɨɫɭɞɚɯ

ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɝɨ

ɨɛɴɺɦɚ

ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ

ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɟ

ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ, ɧɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ. ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ

ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ

ɨɞɧɨɝɨ

ɢ ɬɨɝɨ ɠɟ ɝɚɡɚ. ɋɨɫɭɞ

1

ɪɚɡɦɟɳɺɧ

ɜ ɬɺɩɥɨɦ

ɞɥɢɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ 1 ɜ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ 2, ɚ ɞɥɢɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ 2

ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ, ɫɨɫɭɞ 2 – ɜ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɦ. ȼ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɢɡ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɝɚɡɚ

ɜ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ

ɦɟɧɶɲɟ

ɞɥɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ

3.

ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ

ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ

ɦɟɧɶɲɟ? Ɉɬɜɟɬ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟ.

ɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɠɢɦɨ ɦɚɥɨ.

ɋɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɭɱɟɧɢɤ,

ɧɟ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɹ ɰɟɩɶ, ɢɡɦɟɪɢɥ ɩɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ

Ⱦɥɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ 26–27 ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɟ ɡɚɩɢɫɶ

ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ AB ɢ CD ɰɟɩɢ.

Ɂɚɬɟɦ

ɨɧ ɫɨɛɪɚɥ

ɰɟɩɶ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɢɥ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ

ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 1 ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 2. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɭɱɟɧɢɤ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɥ

ɤɪɚɬɤɨɝɨ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ

(Ⱦɚɧɨ),

ɡɚɩɢɫɶ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ,

ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ

ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ

ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ,

ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 1 ɢ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ

2.

ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢ

ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ

ɞɥɹ

ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ

Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ?

ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɱɺɬɵ, ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɤ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɨɦɭ ɨɬɜɟɬɭ.

ɂɡ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɱɧɹ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɞɜɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɯ. ɍɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɢɯ

ɧɨɦɟɪɚ.

26

Ɂɚɬɪɚɬɢɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɵ Q1

1ɆȾɠ,

ɢɡ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɥɶɞɚ, ɜɡɹɬɨɝɨ

1) ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɨɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ AB ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ CD.

ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ

t1 °ɋ, ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɜɨɞɭ ɩɪɢ

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ

t1 °ɋ. ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ

2) ɋɢɥɚ

ɬɨɤɚ,

ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ

ɱɟɪɟɡ

ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪ

2,

ɛɨɥɶɲɟ

ɫɢɥɵ

ɬɨɤɚ,

1

ɱɚɫɬɶ ɨɬ ɡɚɬɪɚɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɵ ɩɨɲɥɚ ɧɚ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ

ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪ 3.

3

3) ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 1 ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 2.

ɬɨɝɨ,

ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ,

ɱɬɨ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɺɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɥɶɞɚ ɜ 2

ɪɚɡɚ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ

ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ

4) ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 1 ɪɚɜɧɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 3.

ɬɟɩɥɨɺɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɞɵ. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɵ Qx, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɨɲɥɨ ɧɚ

5) Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 1, ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɧɚ

ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɥɶɞɚ ɜ ɜɨɞɭ.

ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ 2.

27

Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɞɜɢɧɭɬɶ ɛɪɭɫɨɤ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɲɟɪɨɯɨɜɚɬɨɣ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ,

Ɉɬɜ ɬ:

ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɢɥɭ F1. Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ

ɑɚ ɬɶ 3

ɭɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɧɟɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɠɟ ɛɪɭɫɨɤ ɧɚ ɲɟɪɨɯɨɜɚɬɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɭɝɥɨɦ ɩɪɢ

ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ 45° ɢ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɠɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɦ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ, ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɥɚ F2,

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɢ 3 (ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ 24–27) ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬ.

ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ.

Ɂɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ,

ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɟɝɨ.

Ɉɬɜɟɬɵ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɣɬɟ

ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ,

ɱɬɨ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɛɪɭɫɤɚ ɢ

ɱɺɬɤɨ ɢ ɪɚɡɛɨɪɱɢɜɨ.

ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɜɟɧ

0, 5, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɣ ɷɬɢɯ

24

(ɉɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ Ʉɚɦɡɟɟɜɨɣ ȿ.ȿ.)

ɞɢɧɚɦɨɦɟɬɪ,

ɬɪɢ

ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯ

ɫɢɥ n

F1. Ɉɬɜɟɬ ɨɤɪɭɝɥɢɬɟ ɞɨ ɫɨɬɵɯ ɞɨɥɟɣ.

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ

ɤɚɪɟɬɤɭ

(ɛɪɭɫɨɤ)

ɫ ɤɪɸɱɤɨɦ,

F2

ɝɪɭɡɚ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɭɸ ɪɟɣɤɭ,

ɫɨɛɟɪɢɬɟ

ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ

ɞɥɹ

ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɫɢɥɵ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɥɶɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ

ɪɟɣɤɢ. ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɭ ɨɞɢɧ ɝɪɭɡ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɶɬɟ ɫɢɥɭ, ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɩɪɢɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɤ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɟ ɫ ɝɪɭɡɨɦ,

ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɶ ɟɺ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ

ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ.

Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɭ ɟɳɺ ɞɜɚ ɝɪɭɡɚ ɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬ.

ȼ ɛɥɚɧɤɟ ɨɬɜɟɬɨɜ:

1)

ɫɞɟɥɚɣɬɟ ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ;

2)

ɡɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɺɬɚ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɫɢɥɵ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɥɶɠɟɧɢɹ;

3)

ɭɤɚɠɢɬɟ

ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɫɚ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɢ, ɜɟɫɚ ɝɪɭɡɚ ɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɫɢɥɵ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ

ɫɤɨɥɶɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɢ ɫ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɝɪɭɡɨɦ ɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɝɪɭɡɚɦɢ ɩɨ

ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɣɤɢ;

4)

ɫɞɟɥɚɣɬɟ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɨ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɦ ɫɢɥɵ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɥɶɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɦ

ɫɢɥɵ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɨɩɨɪɵ.

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ

© ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ 2013 ɝ. ɉɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɟɡ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɋɬɚɬȽɪɚɞ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ