- •N. N. Dianina
- •Authentic
- •English
- •For AdvancedLearners
- •Grammar Training Present Simple and Present Progressive
- •1. Look at the following examples and explain the meaning of the verb forms. See Grammar reference p. … first.
- •2. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Past Simple and Past Progressive
- •3. Explain the meaning of the verb forms in the following examples. See Grammar Reference p. … first.
- •4. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Future Simple and Future Progressive
- •5. Explain the meaning of the verb forms in the following examples. See Grammar Reference p. … first.
- •6. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •7. Translate the sentences into English. Mind the use of tenses.
- •Grammar in speech.
- •8. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. (Present tenses)
- •9. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets (past tenses)and perform the role play given below. Fears over Rail Safety
- •10. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Bargain Hunters Warned about ‘Quality’ Fakes
- •Education Reading and Speaking 1
- •11. Read the following article and do the multiple choice task given below.
- •Reading, Writing and Enrichment
- •Vocabulary 1
- •The Most Famous Name in Schools
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •Discussion
- •Article 2 pasting the grade
- •Professional Reading
- •Dereliction of Duty
- •Vocabulary 2
- •17. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words given in bold type. British Schools
- •18. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Speaking 3
- •19. Business Maze. Running a private school
- •Good Luck!
- •Discussion
- •20. Revise all the articles of this Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •21. Write an essay (about 250 words): “The school of the future”. Describe the way things are now, how they are going to change and why.
- •Everyday English. Being Polite
- •Grammar Training Simple Present Perfect
- •1. Look at the following examples and explain the meaning of the verb forms. Study Grammar Reference ( ) p. … first.
- •2. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •The Prime-Minister’s Report on Education
- •Simple Past Perfect
- •4. Look at the following examples and explain the meaning of the verb forms. See Grammar Reference (…) p. …first.
- •5. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Polio Alarm
- •6. Translate into English. Mind the use of tenses.
- •Simple Future Perfect
- •7. Study Grammar Reference ( …) and supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •8. Look at the following examples and explain the meaning of the verb forms. See Grammar Reference ( ) p….
- •9. Translate the following sentences into English using the verbs given in brackets. Give two versions of each sentence that will be similar or very close in meaning.
- •10. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Ferguson Ready to Stay at Man Utd
- •Citizen Test to be Practical
- •Grammar in Speech
- •12. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Met Told to Pay £52,000 to Terror Expert
- •13. Role play. Have a conversation in the following situation. You are going to start your own business. It’s going to be a restaurant. Here is the schedule for the work to be done:
- •Jobs and Work Reading and Speaking 1
- •14. Read the following article and do the multiple choice task given below.
- •The Holiday’s Over
- •V Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Make it a particular point to use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Vocabulary 1
- •15. Study the meaning of the following synonyms or near synonyms. Make up your own sentences or short situations to show how you understand the difference in their meaning.
- •Reading for Information
- •Japan’s Young Slackers
- •18. Rewrite the following sentences using noun phrases instead of the words given in italics.
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •19. Read the following article and decide which of the sentences given below fit in the numbered gaps in the text. There is one extra sentence that does not fit in.
- •Work-Life Balance Companies have to find new ways to attract and retain skilled workers
- •V Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Make it a particular point to use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Professional Reading
- •Illegal Worker More Vulnerable
- •Vocabulary 2
- •21. Read the following article and try to guess the meaning of the words and word combinations given in bold type. Careers Ask Annie
- •22. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •23. Revise all the articles given in this Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •24.Write and essay (200 – 250 words): “Job opportunities and our attitude to work”.
- •25. Applying for a job
- •In Geneva, Switzerland,
- •Is looking for
- •International Trade Centre unctad/wto
- •Grammar Revision Grammar Training
- •26. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Van Robbery
- •Call the Fashion Police, That’s my t-shirt
- •Grammar in Speech
- •27. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Healthy, Wealthy – and Still at Work
- •28. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below.
- •Victims of Cyberbullies
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •29. Revise Vocabulary 1 p … Unit 1 and do the following multiple choice task.
- •Reading and Speaking: Family Problems
- •Grammar Training
- •1. Look at the following examples and explain the meaning of the verb forms. See Grammar Reference p … first.
- •2. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Becomes School’s Football Hero
- •3. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary of Unit 2 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •4. Look at the following examples and explain the meaning of the verb forms. See Grammar Reference p. … first.
- •5. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •3. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary of Units 1 and 2 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •7. Look at the following examples and explain the meaning of the verb forms. See Grammar Reference p… first.
- •8. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Your Stars
- •Grammar in Speech
- •9. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Asbo bars London teenager from going to school
- •10. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Rabbit Keeps Wolf from North Korea’s Door
- •11. Study Grammar Reference p. … and analyze the following examples.
- •12. Choose the correct form of the words given in italics.
- •Family Problems
- •13. Read Article 1 and do the multiple choice task given below. Article 1 Marriage is dead. Not so weddings
- •V Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Make it a particular point to use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •14. Read Article 2 and decide which of the statements given below fit in the numbered gaps in the text. There is one extra sentence that does not fit in.
- •Article 2 a Court in Pakistan Has Ruled …
- •V While reading find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Make it a particular point to use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Vocabulary 1
- •15. Study the meaning of the following synonyms or near synonyms. Make up sentences or short situations to show how you understand the difference in their meaning.
- •Reading for Information
- •All in the Family … or Not
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •German Birth Rate Falls to Lowest in Europe
- •Professional Reading
- •18. Go back to the article “All in the Family ... Or Not” (see p. ...) and now read it professionally.
- •The Price of Partnership
- •Vocabulary 2
- •20. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words and word combinations given in bold type. Now, the Hard Part
- •21. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Discussion
- •22. Revise all the articles given in this Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •23. Write an essay (about 250 words): “To marry or not to marry, that is the question”.
- •Discourse Markers
- •25. Role play
- •Grammar Revision
- •Why you should worry if your child watches tv for 8 hours a week
- •Grammar in Speech
- •27. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Can I tackle my friend about his weight?
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •28. Revise Vocabulary 1 Unit 2, p. … and do the following multiple choice task.
- •Reading and Speaking: Health Care
- •Grammar Training
- •1. Study Grammar Reference p. ... And analyze the following examples.
- •2. Change the following sentences into Passive. Give two passive constructions if possible. Do the back translation of the sentences.
- •3. Translate the sentences into English. Use the active vocabulary of Unit 3 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •4. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Police inquiry into claims of ghost voters
- •Students face £21,000 debts, admits Clarke
- •5. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary of Unit 3 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Grammar in Speech
- •6. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below.
- •7. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Bush Fires Worst in Canberra’s History
- •Health Care Reading and Speaking 1
- •8. Read article 1 quickly and decide which of the sentences given below fit into the numbered gaps in the text. There is one extra sentence that does not fit in.
- •Article 1 Tracking a Killer Virus
- •9. Scan article 2 and find answers to the following questions.
- •Article 2 Crashing an Epidemic
- •Vocabulary 1
- •Article 2
- •The Man Who Loves to Bust Quacks
- •Article 1
- •Article 2
- •Vocabulary.
- •12. Translate the word combinations given in italics using one of the expressions given above.
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •13. Read the following article and do the multiple choice task given below. Depression Spirit of the Age
- •Professional Reading
- •A License to Kill?
- •Vocabulary 2
- •15. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words given in bold type. Agriculture Is Bad for You
- •16. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Discussion
- •17. Revise all the articles of this Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •18. Write an essay (not more than 250 words): ‘Will the future generations be healthier?’
- •19. Study the following information. Making a speech
- •Grammar Revision Grammar Training
- •20. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •£20 ‘Profit’ for Muggers Who Killed Woman
- •Union Urges End to Expulsion Panels
- •21. Choose the correct word given in italics.
- •Grammar in Speech
- •22. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Fry and Drive
- •23. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Little Women – and Boys – Losing Touch with Classics
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •24. Revise Vocabulary 1 Unit 3 p. … and do the following multiple choice task.
- •2. Analyze the following examples, translate them into Russian and replace them with a corresponding relative or adverbial clause.
- •3. See if the following sentences containing misrelated participles are correct. If not, make the necessary changes.
- •4. Replace the clauses given in italics by participle structures. Make any necessary changes in the sentences.
- •5. Translate the parts of the sentences given in italics using participles if possible.
- •6. Change the following sentences using Participle I passive or Participle II. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •7. Study Grammar Reference p…., analyze the following examples and translate them into Russian.
- •8. Complete the sentences using the structure ‘have something done’ or ‘get something done’.
- •The Gerund
- •9. See Grammar Reference p. .., analyze the following examples and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •10. Replace the words given in italics by a gerund construction.
- •11. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •The Plot Thickens
- •Queen Has Knee Operation after Fall at Newmarket
- •Accident-Prone Stretch of Railway ‘Renationalized’
- •Can Venice Be Saved?
- •Grammar in Speech
- •12. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. A Car, a Call and a Crash
- •13. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Fathers ‘Scared’ to Ask for Flexible Hours
- •14. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. A Bum Rap in the Big Apple
- •Environmental Problems Reading and Speaking 1
- •15. Read Article 1 quickly and decide which of the sentences given below fit into the numbered gaps in the text. There is one extra sentence that does not fit in.
- •Article 1 a Climate of Despair
- •16. Read Article 2 and do the following multiple choice task. Article 2 Scramble to Save Kyoto Agreement
- •Vocabulary 1
- •17. Study the meaning of the following synonyms or near synonyms. Make up your own sentences or short situations to show how you understand the difference in their meaning.
- •Impact, effect, influence
- •Reading for Information
- •18. Read Article 1 quickly and find answers to the following questions.
- •Article 1 Strangling the Mekong
- •19. Read Article 2 quickly and find answers to the following questions.
- •Article 2 Raping Borneo
- •Article 2
- •20. Vocabulary. Study the following phrasal verbs.
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •21. Read the following article quickly and find answers to the following questions.
- •Dried Out
- •A Wasteland Spread around the Aral
- •Professional Reading
- •Poisoned Waters
- •Vocabulary 2
- •23. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words given in bold type. Greenpeace
- •Discussion
- •25. Revise all the articles of the Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •Writing a Formal Letter
- •Excel Linguistic School
- •27. A. Read the versions of the following letter and rewrite it selecting the appropriate forms.
- •30 St. Vincent Place
- •Grammar Revision Grammar Training
- •28. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Fire Talks Still in Deadlock
- •Credit Card That Tells You When You’re Drunk
- •Grammar in Speech
- •29. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. British Neurologist Faces Ethics Inquiry in Singapore
- •30. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. Europe to Consider Quotas for Immigrants
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •31. Revise Vocabulary 1 Unit 4, p. And do the following multiple choice task.
- •Reading and Speaking: Crime
- •Grammar Training
- •1. Study Grammar Reference p. …. And analyze the meaning of the infinitive forms in the following examples. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2. Replace the clauses given in italics with corresponding infinitive forms.
- •3. Analyze the structure of the following sentences.
- •6. Change the sentences according to the pattern:
- •7. Study Grammar Reference (9) p. … and do the back translation of the following sentences.
- •9. Study Grammar Reference p. … and supply the gerund or the infinitive of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Grammar in Speech
- •10. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Eu Revives Row over Hormone Beef Ban
- •(You can invent any information you need).
- •Article 2 Madrid Gets the Jitters over the Changing Face of Crime
- •Vocabulary 1
- •12. Study the use of the following synonyms or near synonyms. Make up your own sentences or short situations to show how you understand the difference in their meaning.
- •Varied, different
- •Reading for Information
- •13. Read Article 1 quickly and find answers to the following questions.
- •Article 1 America’s Death-Penalty Lottery
- •14. Read Article 2 and do the multiple choice task given below. Article 2 McVeigh’s Death Wish
- •Vocabulary
- •15. Study the following word combinations.
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •16. Read the following article and decide which of the sentences given below fit into the numbered gaps in the text. There is one extra sentence that does not fit in.
- •Lords Hand New Rights to Jury Whistleblowers
- •Professional Reading
- •Nine Years for Hit-and-Run Killer
- •Vocabulary 2
- •19. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words and word combinations given in bold type. Why They Are Picking on Martha
- •21. Study the meaning of the following idioms:
- •22. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics. Use the infinitive structures to translate the underlined parts of the sentences.
- •Discussion
- •23. Revise all the articles of this Unit and get ready to discuss the following points:
- •Writing
- •25. Write a memo in the following situation.
- •Bogus Sheikh Accused of Being Prince of Jewel Thieves
- •1) Write a memo to the manager of the store (Mr Swartzkopf) and inform him about the visit of the vip client and the article you’ve just read.
- •Violent Offences Rise by 12% But Overall Crime Rate Falls
- •Silcott to Be Released after Serving 18 Years in Prison
- •Grammar in Speech
- •27. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Radio Station Fined for Game That Left Three with Frostbite
- •28. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Mp Put under Pressure to Quit
- •29. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Toxic Ships to Be Sent Home
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •30. Revise Vocabulary 1, Unit 5 p. …and do the following multiple choice task.
- •Reading and Speaking: Drug Abuse
- •Grammar Training
- •1. Transfer the sentences into the second and third conditionals.
- •2. Analyze the following examples and make up short situations in which they could be used.
- •3. Analyze the following examples and translate them into Russian.
- •4. Change the sentences according to the pattern to show that the events mentioned are not very probable. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •5. Change the sentences according to the pattern. Translate them into Russian.
- •6. Make up sentences based on the given facts. Make sure you use the appropriate tense forms and different structures: If they should …. . If they were to … . Had they done … , etc.
- •7. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets. The Mayor’s Race in New York
- •8. Analyze the way wishes and regrets are expressed in the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.
- •9. Express wishes and regrets based on the following statements. Do the back translation of the sentences.
- •10. Analyze the difference in structure and meaning of the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.
- •11. Make up sentences according to the pattern and learn them for back translation.
- •12. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary of Unit 6 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Grammar in Speech
- •13. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below.
- •14. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Crisis of Identity
- •Id Cards
- •15. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. School Shootings Using Students as Metal Detectors
- •Drug Abuse
- •Vocabulary. Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Article 2 From Starting Line to Bitter End
- •Vocabulary 1
- •18. Study the use of the following synonyms or near synonyms. Make up sentences or short situations to show how you understand the difference in their meaning.
- •Reading for Information
- •19. Read Article 1 quickly and find answers to the following questions.
- •Article 1 a Bumper Crop
- •20. Read Article 2 quickly and find answers to the following questions.
- •Article 2 £7bn Cannabis Crop Strips Morocco of Trees and Soil
- •Vocabulary
- •21. Study the following word combinations.
- •22. Study the following phrasal verbs.
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •23. Read the following article and do the multiple-choice task given below. The Kindness Treatment
- •Vocabulary. Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Professional Reading
- •25. Read Article 2 carefully and find answers to the following questions.
- •Article 2 Playing by Dutch Rules
- •Vocabulary. Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Vocabulary 2
- •26. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words given in bold type. A Teenage Mule
- •27. Study the following phrasal verbs and expressions.
- •28. Study the meaning of the following idioms and translate them into Russian.
- •29. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Discussion
- •30. Revise all the articles of this Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •31. Revise the articles of this Unit and write an essay (about 250 words): “Drug abuse as an international problem”. Follow the procedure suggested in the previous Units.
- •Abbreviations
- •32. Study the following information.
- •33. Write the following note in full words.
- •34. Read the following excepts from ‘The Guardian’ and say what the marked abbreviations stand for.
- •Grammar Revision Grammar Training
- •35. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Soham Trial
- •Weigh the Lies, Find the Truth, Judge Tells Jury
- •Grammarin Speech
- •36. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below . Girls Aloud Singer Faces Civil Suit
- •37. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below . Air Travelers Given Right to Compensation
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •38. Revise Vocabulary 1 Unit 6 (p. …) and do the following multiple choice task.
- •Unit 8 Reading and Speaking: Mass Media
- •Grammar Training
- •1. Study Grammar Reference p. … and analyze the following examples. Point out the difference in meaning of the following modal auxiliary verbs. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2. Make up sentences according to the example. Use the appropriate modal verbs.
- •3. Translate the sentences into English. Use the active vocabulary of Units 5 and 6 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Grammar in Speech
- •4. Read the following article and say what modal verbs could be used to describe the given situation. £1,000 Fine for Knocking Down Castle
- •Mass Media Reading and Speaking 1
- •5. Read the following article and do the multiple choice task given below.
- •The Other Air Battle
- •B. Quite contrary to what the United States meant to air.
- •Vocabulary. Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary 1
- •6. Study the meaning of the following synonyms and near synonyms. Make up sentences or short situations to show how you understand the difference in their meaning.
- •Reading for Information
- •7. Read the article given below quickly and find answers to the following questions.
- •Haitian Murder Mystery
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary
- •8. Study the following phrasal verbs.
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •9. Read Article 1 and do the multiple choice task given below. Article 1 Reading between the Lies
- •10. Read Article 2 and compare it with Article 1. Article 2 The Times Bomb
- •Vocabulary. Read both articles again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Discussion
- •Professional Reading
- •German Court Issues Gagging Order on Mail on Sunday over Schröder
- •Vocabulary 2
- •12. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words given in bold type. Mutiny at the Times
- •13. Study the following word combinations.
- •14. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Discussion
- •15. Revise all the articles of the Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •16. Revise the articles of this Unit and write an essay (about 250 words): “Should there be a limit to freedom of information in mass media?”
- •Confidential, Inside Information
- •Is this inside information?
- •Grammar Revision Grammar Training
- •19. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Bradford Riot Sentence
- •Chinese Dig Unearths Secrets of General with Nine Tombs
- •Setback for Hospital Whistleblower
- •Grammar in Speech
- •20. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Adie Retreats from bbc Front Line
- •21. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Somali Children in Exodus to Europe
- •22. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Fuel Relief for Vulnerable
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •23. Revise Vocabulary 1 Unit 7 and do the following multiple choice task.
- •A. Among b. Between
- •Reading and Speaking: Religion
- •Grammar Training
- •1. Study Grammar Reference p. … and analyze the following examples. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2. Make the following sentences more emphatic using lexical means (see Grammar Reference (2) p. ). Learn to pronounce them giving certain words extra stress.
- •3. Make the following sentences more emphatic by means of fronting (see Grammar Reference (3) p…). Learn to pronounce them with emphatic intonation and translate them into Russian.
- •5. Emphasize every possible word in the following sentences using preparatory ‘it’ (see Grammar Reference (4b) p …). Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •6. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •7. Make the following sentences emphatic by putting adverbial expressions at the beginning of the sentences (see Grammar Reference (5) p…). Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •8. Make the following sentences emphatic using the structure ‘not … nor’ (see Grammar Reference (6) p. …). Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •9. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary of Unit 8 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Grammar in Speech
- •Religion
- •Vocabulary. Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Vocabulary. Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary 1
- •13. Study the use of the following synonyms or near synonyms. Make up sentences or short situations to illustrate how you understand the difference in their meaning.
- •Reading for Information
- •14. Read Article 1 given below quickly and find answers to the following questions.
- •Article 1 a Matter of Faith
- •15. Read Article 2 quickly and find concrete facts proving there is a crisis in the Christian Church, too. Article 2 Crisis in the Communion
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary
- •16. Study the following phrasal verbs.
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •Article 1 Religion and the Brain
- •Article 2 Faith Is More Than a Feeling
- •Professional Reading
- •The Ever-Moving Wall
- •Vocabulary 2
- •19. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words given in bold type.
- •In the Church, But Not in Church
- •20. Study the following phrasal verbs.
- •21. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Discussion
- •22. Revise all the articles of this Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •23. Revise the articles of this Unit and write an essay (about 250 words): “Religion in the modern world.”
- •Newspaper Style
- •24. A) Look through some English newspapers and find headlines illustrating the points given above.
- •Grammar Revision
- •West Africa Fuels Illegal
- •Ivory Trade
- •Car Dealer Was Wallis Simpson’s Secret Lover
- •Grammar in Speech
- •26. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Smelling Rats
- •27. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Foreign Office to Plead Again for Jailed Briton
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •28. Revise Vocabulary 1 Unit 8 ( p. ) and do the following multiple choice task.
- •Reading and Speaking: International Terrorism
- •Grammar Training
- •1. Study Grammar Reference p … and analyze the following examples. Point out the difference in meaning of the modal verbs and infinitives. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2. Make up sentences according to the given example. Use the appropriate modal verbs and infinitives. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •3. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary of Unit 8 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics. Use modal verbs to express different degrees of probability.
- •4. Study Grammar Reference p … and analyze the following examples. Point out the difference in meaning if the tenses in reported statements are changed or not changed.
- •5. Study Grammar Reference p. And change the following excepts from ‘The Guardian’ into reported speech. Remember that there may be more than one possibility.
- •6. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary of Unit 7 to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Grammar in Speech
- •8. Read the following articles and present them in reported speech.
- •No Time like the Present (From Burma by Malcolm Beith)
- •Mother Can Stay - - after 50 Years
- •International Terrorism
- •10. Read Article 2 carefully and do the multiple choice task given below. Article 2 Cruelty Is All They Have Left
- •Vocabulary. Read the articles again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •11. Read Articles 1 and 2 over again and comment on the following quotations.
- •Vocabulary 1
- •12. Study the meaning of the following synonyms or near synonyms. Make up sentences or short situations to show how you understand the difference in their meaning.
- •Reading for Information
- •14. Read Article 2 quickly and find concrete examples to support the statement: “Violence breeds violence.” Article 2 And It All Goes up in Flames
- •Discussion
- •15. Vocabulary. Study the following phrasal verbs.
- •Reading and Speaking 2
- •16. Read the following article and do the multiple choice task given below. Flights of Fear
- •Vocabulary. Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
- •Discussion
- •Professional Reading
- •The Enemy Within
- •Vocabulary 2
- •19. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words given in bold type.
- •Inside the Hunt for Hambali
- •20. Study the following phrasal verbs.
- •21. Learn the following idioms.
- •22. Translate into English. Use the active vocabulary to translate the words and word combinations given in italics.
- •Discussion
- •23. Revise all the articles of this Unit and get ready to discuss the following points.
- •Writing
- •25. Study the following information.
- •26. Translate the following into British English.
- •Grammar Revision Grammar Training
- •27. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •Huge Hunt for Missile Smugglers
- •Brazilian Gangs Step up Attacks on Police
- •Car Bomb
- •Terror Suspects Must Be Moved Says Watchdog
- •Land-Use Case Ponders Fate of the Working Class
- •Grammar in Speech
- •28. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below.
- •Vow to Take Violent Patients to Court
- •29. Supply the correct form of the verbs given in brackets and perform the role play given below. Pacific Student’s Bottled up Plea Drifts Ashore in Spain
- •Vocabulary Revision
- •30. Revise Vocabulary 1 Unit 9 ( p …) and Vocabulary 1 Unit 10 (p. …) and do the following multiple choice task.
- •Word List Unit 1
- •Vocabulary 2
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Unit 10
- •Vocabulary 2.
- •Grammar Reference
- •Simple and Progressive Forms
- •The Present Progressive vs. The Present Simple Tense
- •What are you thinking about?
- •The Past Progressive vs. The Past Simple Tense.
- •I was talking to the President last night, and he said …
- •The Future Simple vs. Future Progressive Tense.
- •Will you be quiet, please?
- •Let’s go and see Lucy, shall we?
- •Distancing
- •Unit 2 The Simple Present Perfect Tense
- •The Simple Past Perfect Tense
- •The Simple Future Perfect
- •Perfect forms with state verbs
- •Nouns in Groups
- •1.The Present Perfect Progressive
- •2. The present perfect simple versus the present perfect progressive
- •3. The present perfect progressive versus the present simple (progressive)
- •4. The Past Perfect Progressive
- •5. The Future Perfect Progressive
- •Adjectives and Adverbs
- •Unit 4 Passives
- •Unit 5 The Participle
- •The Gerund
- •Unit 6 The Infinitive
- •9. Other infinitive structures which are quite common in English are as follows.
- •Gerund or Infinitive
- •Unit 7 Conditionals, Wishes, Regrets, Subjunctives
- •10. Subjunctives.
- •Unit 8 Modal Auxiliaries Can / Could
- •May and Might
- •Must and Have to
- •Should and Ought to
- •Unit 9 Emphasis
- •Unit 10 Modal Verbs of Deduction May and Might
- •Can and Could
- •Doubt about an action not taking place
- •Reported Speech (Advanced Points)
- •1. Reporting past tenses.
- •2. Reporting present and future tenses.
- •3. Modal verbs in reported speech.
Vocabulary. Read the article again, find the following words and word combinations in the text and learn their meaning. Use these words in the further discussion of the problem.
A big-time drug dealer, prominent, to date to (the 1970s), hard drugs, to lure smb to smth, a menace, undercover police, a transaction, to be admissible in court.
Analyze the facts given in both articles very carefully and prepare a short speech as if you were taking part in a debate on the problem of legalizing soft drugs.
First act as if you were in favour of legalizing them and then as if you were against it. You must be prepared to support and oppose both points of view. Make it a particular point to describe what the situation with drugs would be like now if soft drugs had been legalized long ago.
While preparing the speech think over the following points.
What results can you possibly achieve?
Think what arguments would best suit your purpose, and what facts you had better avoid.
Think what facts and arguments could be cited against your point of view and get ready to counter them.
Revise task 19, Unit 4 and arrange your arguments in the way that would lead your listeners to the conclusion you need.
Think how you could present your speech in the form of questions and answers.
Vocabulary 2
26. Read the following article and guess the meaning of the words given in bold type. A Teenage Mule
One day last November a friend with a cousin in Mexico asked Juan if he would like to make $100. All he had to do was to drive a car across the border into the United States. A US citizen born and raised in El Paso, Texas, Juan told the border inspector he was returning from a family gathering in Mexico and was waved through. No matter that he had never had a driving license and at the time was on probation for car theft. He would complete the same trip 15 more times before customs officials arrested him in March trying to enter El Paso with 44 bundles of marijuana weighing nearly 60 pounds packed in the bumpers and door panels of his Ford. He was 16.
Kids such as Juan have long been carrying narcotics across Rio Grande. But as the United States has added new border agents, computerized license-plate readers and drug-sniffing dogs to its effort to stem the flow of drugs, traffickers have increasingly turned to teenagers to haul them since adolescents are reliable and cheap. For the young couriers, a short jaunt over the border nets them easy spending money. Nowhere are teenage drug mules more popular than on the border with El Paso. Three years ago, 83 juveniles were arrested at the three border bridges into El Paso. At present such arrests are on pace to top the previous year’s total of 155.
The odds of being caught are slim. The estimated yearly consumption of cocaine – 300 tons – would fit into several tractor-trailers. Of course, it didn’t travel that way. It goes in small plastic-wrapped packs hidden under dashboards and inside tires.
Before traffickers started favoring youth over experience in recruiting mules, there were occasional arrests, mostly of Mexican kids. Cases like that of Oscar, a 16-year-old from Juarez, have multiplied in the last three years. For a month, two men in his neighborhood had been trying to recruit him to drive across a load of drugs. They promised him $1,000 – an amount that would take him two months to earn at the factory where he planned to start work. He finally gave in when his infant son became ill and needed medicine. In April, border inspectors found 213 pounds of marijuana stuffed into concrete pillars in the back of the pickup he was driving.
The young drug runners help fuel a seemingly endless cycle of seizures and arrests. However, the Feds rarely prosecute juveniles and instead turn over most cases to local courts. Most punishments are relatively light: probation or several months of detention. Unlike adults, who receive multi-year federal sentences, kids quickly return to work. Meanwhile business booms for the leaders of the Juarez cartel. Even when teenagers are willing to rat out their superiors, US officials face a dilemma: further investigation requires working with Mexican officials, some of whom are in cahoots with the drug bosses.
Juan, who is now serving a six-month sentence, spoke on condition that his real name not be used. The son of Mexican immigrants, he started smoking weed in the sixth grade, dabbled in harder drugs in junior high and finally dropped out when he was in the ninth grade. Not long after his first arrest – for stealing a car – a friend recruited him as a courier. After several trips, he met the three men organizing shipments. All in their early 30s, they snorted cocaine, filled their homes with big-screen TVs and spent money with abandon. “I would see them in bars, buying drinks, going money-happy,” Juan says.
His employment ended this spring. One morning he drove a girlfriend to Juarez. While they were eating lunch his contact borrowed his car and loaded it with marijuana. It was the first time Juan used his own car to move drugs. He was to leave it in the parking lot of a McDonald’s, but a border inspector asked him for ID and spotted a receipt in his wallet for a court fee related to his probation, and then the electronic bracelet around his ankle. After they found his stash, US officials questioned him for several hours, but Juan says he refused to spill. “I was scared that it would affect my family. I told them it was my stuff.” In jail, he doesn’t resent doing time while his former bosses remain in business. “It’s worse for them. They are in it deep. They are going to die one day, because they work for somebody, too.” And that somebody can replace them as quickly as new teenagers have turned up to replace Juan.
(From ‘Newsweek’, abridged)