Electronics

Electronic engineering deals with the research, design, integration, and application of circuits and devices used in the transmission and processing of information. Information is now generated, transmitted, received, and stored electronically on a scale unprecedented in history, and there is every indication that the explosive rate of growth in this field will continue unabated.

Electronic engineers design circuits to perform specific tasks, such as amplifying electronic signals, adding binary numbers, and demodulating radio signals to recover the information they carry. Circuits are also used to generate waveforms useful for synchronization and timing, as in television, and for correcting errors in digital information, as in telecommunications.

Prior to the 1960s, circuits consisted of separate electronic devices – resistors, capacitors, inductors, and vacuum tubes – assembled on a chassis and connected by wires to form a bulky package. The electronics revolution of the 1970s and 1980s set the trend towards integrating electronic devices on a single tiny chip of silicon or some other semiconductive material. The complex task of manufacturing these chips uses the most advanced technology, including computers, electron-beam lithography, micro-manipulators, ion-beam implantation, and ultraclean environments. Much of the research in electronics is directed towards creating even smaller chips, faster switching of components, and three-dimensional integrated circuits.

Контрольное задание № 2 Вариант 1

1. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол сказуемое и определите его временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

1. The theory of interaction of atmospheric and oceanic processes is being developed to determine the weather of the planet.

2. Great changes in people’s lives and work were brought about by the scientific and technological progress.

3. Radio astronomy has given the mankind the efficient means for penetration into space.

4. The results of our research are very much spoken about.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждых, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. A molecule is a compound consisting of two or more atoms.

2. When heated glass can be easily worked.

3. Some new properties of the polymer found during the experiments were quite unexpected.

4. The assistant was preparing the solution very carefully.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1. The plant the material is produced is in the Urals.

2. The problem this article deals with is connected with the subject we study.

3. We know electricity produces heat.

4. Перепишите предложения их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. This important problem had been solved by the end of 1985.

2. Television has a great number of uses nowadays.

3. In the next few years Russian engineers are to complete the work on supercomputers.

4. Do you know the meaning of this word?

5. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива.

1. To develop a new submersible craft with a manipulator is not an easy task.

2. Experiments helped Mendeleyev to discover the properties of new chemical elements.

3. Recently a radar to be mounted on cars has been developed.

4. They promised to supply us with necessary equipment

6. Прочитайте и переведите текст.