27-02-2014_16-52-53 / МРО зфо экономист часть 1
.pdfупражнений, направленных на закрепление материала и аутентичных текстов.
Перед выполнением лабораторных работ студент должен изучить следующий грамматический материал: артикль, существительное,
прилагательное, степени сравнения прилагательных, местоимения,
числительные, видо-временные формы глагола, согласование времѐн,
неличные формы глагола (инфинитив, причастие), условные предложения.
В качестве рекомендуемой литературы вы можете использовать любой учебник грамматики английского языка.
Студенты должны:
-уметь распознавать основные грамматические конструкции при работе
стекстом (времена, залоги, типы вопросов, модальные глаголы, согласование времѐн, неличные формы глагола, сослагательное наклонение);
-уметь сделать письменный перевод текста на русский язык;
-воспринимать смысловую структуру текста;
-распознавать значения слов по контексту;
-уметь работать со словарѐм;
-уметь выполнить контрольную работу на английском языке.
Примеры заданий, предлагающихся студентами для самопроверки знаний в процессе обучения:
Задание 1.
Вставьте артикли, где это необходимо.
I’ve lived in ……. Barfield for ……. long time. I have ……. job in ……. London so I travel to London by ……. train almost every day and know ……. faces of almost half ……. passengers. But, of course, I don’t know ……. names of all these passengers.
One day I stayed at ……. office till late in …… evening and got to ……. Waterloo Station in ……. time for ……. nine o’clock train. I took ……. seat next to ……. man of about forty ……. face of ……. man was familiar to me.
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……. weather was terrible and when ……. train came to ……. station it was raining heavily. I offered ……. man ……. lift in my car. He agreed. But on ……. way to …… Barfield he suddenly asked to stop ……. car at ……. very lonely place.
When I stopped car something heavy hit me on my head.
When I came to I was in ……. field. I had ……. terrible headache, no car, no money. I walked to ……. police station. I told ……. sergeant on duty about what had happened to me. Then I saw ……. photo on ……. wall. I recognized ……. man in ……. photo at once. It was ……. man who had robbed me. Then I realized why ……. face of ……. man was familiar to me ……. police were looking for him and there were ……. pictures of ……. robber everywhere in ……. Barfield.
Задание 2.
Вставьте артикли, где это необходимо.
Fleet street is famous as ……. home of ……. nation’s ……. newspapers, but in fact only two of them - ……. Daily Express and ……. Daily Telegraph are still in
…….Fleet street. However, ……. people still say ― ……. Fleet street‖ to mean ―……. press‖. ……. British are ……. nation of ……. newspaper readers. Many of them have ……. daily papers delivered to their homes in time for ……. breakfast.
…….British newspapers can be divided into two groups: quality and popular. ……. quality newspapers cover ……. home popular stories as well as news.
Задание 3.
Напишите следующие существительные во множественном числе и
прочитайте их.
Face, language, dress, fly, watch, clock, country, eye, bus, brush, party, ray, thief, company, Negro, leaf, wolf, glass, key, fox, half, life, day, city, roof, month, opportunity, journey, shelf, hero.
Man, woman, tooth, foot, goose, child, mouse, sheep.
Postman, son - in - law, editor - in - chief, schoolgirl, text - book, pocket - knife, passer - by, statesman.
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Задание 4.
Напишите существительные, выделенные жирным шрифтом, во множественном числе, сделав, где необходимо, соответствующие
изменения в предложении:
1. Put the box on the shelf. 2. I have hurt my foot and hand. 3. This is an English dictionary. 4. Where is the knife? 5. The last leaf fell from the tree. 6. This story is very long. 7. He left the key on the table. 8. I like his new play. 9. The roof of the house was covered with snow. 10. The wife of the sailor came to the shore. 11. A copy of the contract was sent to St. Petersburg.
Задание 5.
Заполните пропуски местоимениями some, any, no.
1.Did you have ……. snow last winter? – Yes, there was ……. .
2.Are there ……. sentences you can’t translate?
3.……. people always tell the truth. It’s their principle.
4.Were there ……. of your teachers at the meeting? – Yes, there were ……. .
5.Choose ……. book you like.
6.In of these books there are ……. pictures. They won’t be interesting for the boy.
7.……. of his friends could help him. He was alone.
8.Can you give me ……. information about the man?
9.I’ve never seen ……. of them in my life.
10.He asked me …… questions but I couldn’t answer ……. of them.
Задание 6.
Заполните пропуски производными местоимениями some, any, no,
every.
1. You needn’t worry. ………… knows that we expect them to come at 5.
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2.Do you know ……………… who can help us?
3.……………… came to visit Paul in hospital and he was upset.
4.……………… can tell you how to get there. The place is known to
……………… .
5.I don’t want to see ……………… today.
6.……………… told me about it but now I don’t remember who it was.
7.If I were you I would ask ……………… to explain everything to me. Why don’t you ask Jack for example?
8.……………… told him when to come and he was late.
Задание 7.
Заполните пропуски производными местоимениями some, any, no,
every.
1.We’ve coped with the work. ……………… is ready.
2.Do you know at all ……………… about the matter?
3.I can’t understand ………………. Please explain to me what is going on here.
4.I didn’t understand ……………… in this text. Some sentences were difficult.
5.There was ……………… on the table but I don’t remember now what it was.
6.There was ……………… on the table. It was empty.
7.Give me ……………… to eat please. I’m hungry. I can eat …………… .
8.He worked hard and ……………… seemed enough for him.
Задание 8.
Заполните пропуски местоимениями other, another, the other, others,
the others, each other, one another.
1. How many ……………… trees are you going to plant?
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2.They looked at ……………… and laughed.
3.Steve and I other play jokes on ……………… .
4.The secretary has answered only three letters. When will she answer
………………. ?
5.He knows a lot about his country but he doesn’t know much about
……………… countries.
6.Some people always come in time, ……………… are often late.
7.He already keeps three dogs. How many ……………… does he want to buy?
8.What is it in your ……………… hand?
9.Let’s wait for ……………… for some time.
10.Why haven’t you corrected ……………… mistakes?
11.The Swifts are going to spend ……………… two years in Australia.
12.Do you often phone ……………… ?
Задание 9.
Вставьте much, many, a lot.
1.Why do you need so ……. paper?
2.He says he has ……. problems.
3.Did you spend ……. money on it?
4.I haven’t seen them for ……. years.
5.We had ……. fun at the party.
6.Why have so ……. people come?
7.Do you really need so ……. luggage?
8.Did he really give you ……. advice?
9.She always adds ……. salt to every dish she makes.
10.He buys very ……. papers every day.
11.Why have you bought so ……. clothes?
12.Don’t give the dog too ……. meat.
13.You should eat ……. fruit.
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14.Does he really have so ……. work?
15.He doesn’t have ……. knowledge of the subject.
Задание 10.
Вставьте few/ a few или little / a little.
1.He says there is ……. news, almost nothing.
2.There are ……. people who know about it but not many.
3.Women always think they have ……. clothes.
4.You need ……. luck to win.
5.I’ll be ready in ……. minutes.
6.I have invited ……. people. I don’t want a crowd of people here.
7.The teacher gave Tom a bad mark because he has ……. knowledge of the subject.
8.I have ……. knowledge of the subject and can prove my point of view.
9.Somehow he has very ……. books.
10.He had ……. time and stopped to talk to his friend.
11.Why are there so ……. flowers in your garden?
12.The child has made ……. progress and speaks English better.
13.The child left ……. soup in his plate, he ate almost everything.
14.Give the cat ……. fish every day. It’s necessary for him.
15.……. people want to see you. May they come in?
Задание 11.
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя притяжательный
падеж.
1. Глаза у кошки зелѐные. 2. Игрушки детей в большом ящике. 3. День рождения моего отца в мае. 4. И что за совпадение! Это любимый торт и моей мамы! 5. Я люблю книги моего мужа. 6. Как зовут того молодого человека? 7.
Он показал мне письмо своей сестры. 8. Она взяла коньки своего брата. 9.
Дайте мне тетради своих учеников. 10. Принесите вещи детей. 11. Вчера дети
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нашли птичье гнездо. 12. Это семья моего друга. Отец моего друга – инженер. 13. Чья это сумка? – это сумка Тома. 14. Чьи это словари? – Это словари студентов. 15. Вы видели книгу нашего учителя? 16. Мне нравится почерк этого мальчика. 17. Я слышу голос моей сестры. 18. Она открыла окно и услышала смех и крики детей. 19. Она поставила мокрые сапоги мальчиков к печке. 20. Это бабушкино кресло.
Задание 12.
Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).
BUSINESS CORPORATION
The private business corporation is known to be the only type of corporation but there also exist other types, for instance, public corporations owned by governmental bodies. The Tennessee Valley Authority formed in the 1930s in the USA can be mentioned as an example of a federal corporation, which is to provide power, control Hoods and provide irrigation.
The majority of corporations in the USA are small and they make up approximately 25 percent of all business companies, however, this figure understates the real economic significance of the corporate business organization. Modern technological developments largely account for the appearance of corporate giants in such sectors of the economy as manufacturing, transportation and utilities, mining, banking and insurance, and retail trade.
In view of the growing importance of corporations, society is faced with three major problems. First, the growth in corporate size has brought about an increasing separation of control from ownership. In large companies a stockholder no longer performs effective control; actual control belongs to management, which tends to be self-selecting and responsible only to itself. Second, the size of many corporations gives them economic power that permits to ignore the discipline of the competitive market, because it is large corporations that have real control over the prices charged for the goods they produce. Finally, society cannot be sure that the corporate performance serves public interest.
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Public interest requires organization and operation of business to be subject to governmental regulation, and many laws have been enacted for the purpose of ensuring a competitive pluralism in production and trade. Government regulation, particularly in the USA, attempts to prevent the formation of monopolies that totally control a particular branch of industry such as steel, petroleum, or automobile production. Governments also regulate public utilities and transportation, guarantee loans to homeowners, subsidize shipping, build highways and airports, administer price-support programmes for farmers.
Задание 13.
Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы к тексту.
1. What percentage do the USA corporations make up of the whole business sector?
a) 40% b) 25 % c) 50 %
2.Who performs actual control in large companies? a) Board of Directors
b) stockholders of record c) federal government
3.What does government regulation in the USA try to prevent?
a)total control over particular industries imposed by huge holdings
b)total control over prices
c)price support programmes for farmers
Задание 14.
Закончите предложения по содержанию текста.
1. The private corporation is considered to be the only type of corporation and
_____.
a)you can hardly see any other types of corporations
b)there appeared other types as well, public corporation, for example
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c) today there also exist new types of consumer markets
2. People are sure that ______.
a)corporate activities are not likely to serve public interest
b)government regulates interest rates
c)state performs effective control over monopolies' activities
3. The application of upgraded technologies largely explains the appearance of
_____.
a)small insurance companies
b)corporate giants in some industries
c)corporate pluralism in retailing
4.The enlargement of companies seems to bring about_ a) real control over the prices
b) separation of control from ownership
c) increasing control over production output
5.Society wants organization and operation of business_ a) to be liable to state control
b) to be subject to regulations of the Board of Directors c) to be open to private regulation
Задание 15.
Подберите эквивалент к данному русскому слову или
словосочетанию.
1. страховка
a) sure |
b) insurance |
c) ensure |
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2. |
преуменьшать |
|
|
a) understate |
b) understand |
c) underline |
|
3. |
коммунальные услуги /сооружения |
|
|
a) utility |
b) utilizations |
c) utilities |
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4. |
управлять |
|
|
a) administrative |
b) administer |
c) administrate |
|
5. |
больше не |
|
|
a) particularly |
b) approximately |
c) no longer |
|
6. |
субсидировать |
|
|
a) subsidize |
b) subsidiary |
c) substitute |
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7. |
конкурентный |
|
|
a) compete |
b) competitive |
c) competition |
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Задание 16.
Напишите словами порядковые числительные от следующих
количественных.
1; 11; 21; 2; 12; 20; 4;14; 40; 6; 16; 60; 9; 19; 90; 100; 103; 300; 425; 1.000; 1,015.
Задание 17.
Напишите по-английски следующие даты.
12 |
января 1993 г. |
23 |
марта 1998 г. |
|
31 |
марта 2000 г. |
25 |
мая 1999 г. |
|
22 |
сентября 2002 г. |
20 |
августа 1950 г. |
|
21 декабри 1995 г. |
11 октября 2003 |
г. |
||
Задание 18.
Выберите английское предложение, наиболее точно передающее
содержание предъявленного.
1. A bookkeeper passes on the information to the accountant.
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