focus_on_informatics
.pdf3.False. In this case it is easier.
4.True.
5.False. In this country government restricts what people can access on the Internet, especially political and religious content.
6.True.
7.True.
8.True.
9.True.
Text 20. Website
Part 1
Ex. 1
1.website
2.to incorporate
3.content
4.subscription
5.server
6.to access
Ex. 3
1.False. Web site is hosted on at least oneweb server.
2.True.
3.True.
4.True.
5.False. In 1990.
6.False. They were used for this purpose before the introduction of HTML and HTTP.
7.False. From desktop computers, laptops, PDAs, cell phones.
8.True.
Text 21. Website
Part 2
Ex. 4
1.True.
2.True.
3.True.
4.False. Gripesites are devoted to the critique of a person, place, etc.
5.False. A news site is similar to an information site.
6.True.
7.True.
8.True.
Text 22.DataSecurity
Part 1
Ex. 3
1.True.
2.True.
3.True.
4.False. The datacan becorrupted.
5.True.
Text 23.DataSecurity
Part 2
Ex. 1
data loss
backup procedure
application code
digital media
file deletion
overwriting method
Ex. 3
1.False. Backing up is the process of making copies of data so that this additional copies may be used to restore theoriginal after a data loss event.
2.True.
3.False. Data erasurecan provide multiple overwrites.
4.False. Data masking ensures that sensitive data are replaced with realistic but not real data.
5.False. The goal of data erasure is destroying all electronic data residing on a hard disk drive or other digital media.
Text 24. Malware
Ex. 1
1.e
2.h
3.a
4.f
5.b
6.c
7.d
8.g
Ex. 3
1.system
2.to
3.may
4.use
5.vital
6.which
7.e.g.
8.system
9.on
10.data
11.also
12.to
13.systems
14.internal
15.an
Text 25. Information Technologies
Ex. 1
computer technology, computer software, computer network, computer science, computer hardware, information technology, information database, information system, data storage, data management, curriculum standards, telecom technology, communication equipment, communication protocol, communication technology, television screen, voice technology
Ex. 2
1.1 b
2.2 c
3.1 a
Text 27. Extending ICT Benefits to All
Part 1
Ex. 1
dedicated team monopolistic structures disadvantaged population legislative measures
non-governmental organisations developing countries
political corruption
Ex. 2
interdisciplinary research area international development agencies back office applications
market price information information technology approach private sector organizations
Ex. 4
1.False. ICT4D is a general term referring to the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) within the field of socioeconomic development or international development.
2.True.
3.False. ICTs can contribute to poverty reduction. A good example are African farmers getting better market price information and thus not being impoverished by unfair corps buy-out people.
4.False. As early as in the mid-1950s computer technologies were used for back office applications in large government and private sector organisations in developing countries.
5.True.
Text 28. Extending ICT Benefits to All
Part 2
Ex. 1
1.While literacy is ability to read and write, digital literacy can be defined as minimal ability to use computer technologies. It is compounded of technological literacy and informational literacy.
2.Digital identity is the ability to maintain security of private data through restricting access to private information.
Ex. 2
business incubator
track record
human rights
user interface
beneficiary community
climate change
Ex. 4
1. True.
2.True.
3.False. ICT4D projects contribute to increasing competitiveness and job creation in developing countries.
4.False. ICT-based market information systems have a proven track record for improving rural livelihoods in middle income developing countries where they have been introduced.
5.True.
Text 29. ‘Never start IT initiatives for the sake of IT’
Ex. 2
federated entities
competitive
intense
sustainable
anticipated
Ex. 3
1.False. Eight years agoShell decided against the outsourcing option.
2.False. Mr. Matula has spent his entire working life at Shell but became Shell’s chief information officer in 2006.
3.True.
4.True.
5.False. The Shell group consists of the four business classes: Upstream, Downstream, Chemicals and Trading.
6.True.
Ex. 5 b)
Text 30. Adding Intelligence to the IT Service Arrangement
Ex. 1
Economies of scale means producing bigger amount of goods thus increasing efficiency of production (since fixed costs are shared over an increased number of goods).
Traffic congestion is a condition on networks that occurs as the number of cars on the roads increases (is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased queueing).
Labour arbitrage is the financial benefit of hiring work to be done in labor markets offshore, where salaries are less than they are domestically.
Ex. 2
1.False. There is now no appetite for IT transformation projects where everything is paid for up-front and benefits are delivered over time.
2.False. On the contrary, neither of these approaches works well in isolation.
3.True.
4.True.
5.True.
Text 31. The First IT-literate President
Part 1
Ex. 2
1.“net neutrality” – it is the principle that data on the Internet should move easily without being restricted in terms of its content, destination or source.
2.“bully pulpit” – usually refers to White House as a good platform from which to persuasively advocate any agenda.
Ex. 3
1.networking
2.adept
3.expectation
4.commitment
5.restriction
6.severe
7.mindset
Ex. 4
1.True.
2.False. The article says, he has “rewritten the textbook”, which means he has changed patterns of political campaigning.
3.True.
4.False. The new administration has laid the stress on improving the quality of the home-grown workforce and restricting the immigration.
5.False. Obama is going to spend $10bn a year for five years on new healthcare information systems.
6.True.
Text 32. The First IT-literate President
Part 2
Ex. 2
1.True.
2.True.
3.False. They say this position will be much more than a ‘CIO of CIOs’”. A CTO is likely to be given a voice in the formulation of government policy in a wide range of ways.
4.False. Mr. Bond considers Julius Genachowski, a former executive at internet group IAC and chief counsel at the Federal Communications Commission, a leading candidate.
5.True.
6.False. Mr. Obama promised to spend $150bn over 10 years on “climatefriendly” technologies.
7.False. In times of economic crisis plunging oil and natural gas prices have reduced the short-term cost-competitiveness of alternative energy technologies.
Учебное издание
FOCUS ON INFORMATICS
Учебное пособие длястудентов экономическихспециальностей
с углубленным изучением информатики
Под редакцией М.Ф. Николаевой
Подписано в печать 19.10.10. Формат 60х84 1/16.
Усл. печ. л. 8,0. Тираж 220 экз. Заказ 491. РТП изд-ва СПбГУЭФ.
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