лекция№1

2A2(2B2 2=2 2C2;2

22E2M2B2E2D2 2E2q2u2a2t2i2o2n2.232ﾵ2 2ﾧ2

2 27 2?@82545==>3> 2>?@545;5=8O 2284=>,2 2GB> 2>?5@0F8O 2C<=>65=8O 2<0B@8F 2>?@545;5=0 2B>;L:> 24;O 2<0B@8F,2 2G8A;> 2AB>;1F>2 2?5@2>9 287 2:>B>@KE 2@02=> 2G8A;C 2AB@>: 22B>@>9.2

2

2!2>9AB20 2>?5@0F88 2C<=>65=8O 2<0B@8F.2

2

212)2#<=>65=85 2<0B@8F 2=5 2:><<CB0B82=>,2 2B.25.2 2 2(2 2 24065 25A;8 2>?@545;5=K 2>10 2?@>872545=8O.2 2‑4=0:>,2 25A;8 24;O 2:0:8E 2 2;81> 2<0B@8F 2A>>B=>H5=85 2=2 22K?>;=O5BAO,2 2B> 2B0:85 2<0B@8FK 2=07K20NBAO 2?5@5AB0=>2>G=K<8.2

2!0<K< 2E0@0:B5@=K< 2?@8<5@>< 2<>65B 2A;C68BL 2548=8G=0O 2<0B@8F0,2 2:>B>@0O 2O2;O5BAO 2?5@5AB0=>2>G=>9 2A 2;N1>9 24@C3>9 2<0B@8F59 2B>3> 265 2@07<5@0.2 2

2­5@5AB0=>2>G=K<8 2<>3CB 21KBL 2B>;L:> 2:204@0B=K5 2<0B@8FK 2>4=>3> 28 2B>3> 265 2?>@O4:0.2

2(2ﾧ 2=2 2ﾧ(2 2=2 2

2

2 2‑G5284=>,2 2GB> 24;O 2;N1KE 2<0B@8F 22K?>;=ONBAO 2A;54CNI55 2A2>9AB2>:2

2

2A2(2O2 2=2 2O2;2 2 2O2(2A2 2=2 2O2,2 2

2345 2‑ 2 2=C;520O 2<0B@8F0.2

2

2 222)2 2‑?5@0F8O 2?5@5<=>65=8O 2<0B@8F 20AA>F80B82=0,2 2B.25.2 25A;8 2>?@545;5=K 3?@>872545=8O 3 38 3(3)3!,3 3B> 3>?@545;5=K 3! 38 3(3!)3,3 38 32K?>;=O5BAO 3@025=AB2>:3

3(3)3!=3(3!)3.3

3

3 333)3 3‑?5@0F8O 3C<=>65=8O 3<0B@8F 348AB@81CB82=0 3?> 3>B=>H5=8N 3: 3A;>65=8N,3 3B.35.3 35A;8 38<5NB 3A<KA; 32K@065=8O 3 3(3+3!)3 38 3(3+3)3!,3 3B> 3A>>B25BAB25==>:3

3

3(3 3+3 3!)3 3=3 3 3+3 3!

3(3 3+3 3)3! 3=3 3! 3+3 3!.3

3

3 343)3 3ﾧA;8 3?@>872545=85 3 3>?@545;5=>,3 3B> 34;O 3;N1>3> 3G8A;0 3(3 325@=> 3A>>B=>H5=85:3

3(3(3A3B3)3 3=3 3(3(3A3)3B3 3=3 3A3(3(3B3)3.3

3

3 353)3 3ﾧA;8 3>?@545;5=> 3?@>872545=85 3 3,3 3B> 3>?@545;5=> 3?@>872545=85 3"" 38 32K?>;=O5BAO 3@025=AB2>:3

3(3)3" 3=3 3"",3 3345 3

3

38=45:A>< 3" 3>1>7=0G05BAO 3B@0=A?>=8@>20==0O 3<0B@8F0.3

3

3 363)3 30<5B8< 3B0:65,3 3GB> 34;O 3;N1KE 3:204@0B=KE 3<0B@8F 3d3e3t3 3(3A3B3)3 3=3 3d3e3t3A3(3d3e3t3B3.3

3'B> 3B0:>5 3d3e3t3 31C45B 3@0AA<>B@5=> 3=865.3

3

3 3 3‑?@545;5=85.3 30B@8FC 3 3=07K20NB 3B@0=A?>=8@>20==>9 3<0B@8F59 3,3 30 3?5@5E>4 3>B 3 3: 3 3B@0=A?>=8@>20=85<,3 35A;8 3M;5<5=BK 3:064>9 3AB@>:8 3<0B@8FK 3 370?8A0BL 32 3B>< 365 3?>@O4:5 32 3AB>;1FK 3<0B@8FK 3.3 3

3

3 3=3 33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3;3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3=3 3"=33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3;3

3

34@C38<8 3A;>20<8,3 3 3b3j3i3 3=3 3a3i3j3.3

3

3 3 3:0G5AB25 3A;54AB28O 387 3?@54K4CI53> 3A2>9AB20 3(353)3 3<>6=> 370?8A0BL,3 3GB>:3

3

3(3A3B3C3)3T3 3=3 3C3T3B3T3A3T3,3 3

3

3?@8 3CA;>288,3 3GB> 3>?@545;5=> 3?@>872545=85 3<0B@8F 3!.3

3

3 3­@8<5@.3 3 3 3 3ﾵ0=K 3<0B@8FK 3 3=3 33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3,3 3 3=3 33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3,3 3! 3=3 33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3 38 3G8A;> 3(3 3=3 323.3 309B8 3"+3(3!.3

3 3A3T3 3=3 33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3;3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3A3T3B3 3=3 33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3(33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3 3=3 33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3 3=3 33E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333ﾵ3 3ﾧ3;3