Электрические машины

Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ

1.ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ȾɉɌ ɢ ɢɯ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ.

2.ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ.

3.Ɋɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɆɉɌ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɧɚ ɜɢɞ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ȾɉɌ.

4.ɋɯɟɦɵ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ.

5.Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɫɤɚ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ.

6.Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɰɟɩɢ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ.

7.Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ȾɉɌ?

8.Ɉɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɜɢɞ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɧɚ ɜɢɞ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ.

9.Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ.

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4.4 Ʌɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 6. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ

ɐɟɥɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ

ɐɟɥɶɸ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɦ ɩɭɫɤɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ (ȾɉɌ), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ.

Ɉɛɴɟɤɬ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ȼɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ (ȾɉɌ) ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ. Ɇɨɦɟɧɬ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɜɚɥɭ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɵɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ – ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ (ȽɉɌ) ɫ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ.

ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ȽɉɌ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 21.

ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ȾɉɌ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ ȽɉɌ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɞɟ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɯɨɦɟɬɪ ɌɆɁ-1ɉ.

ɋɥɟɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɞɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ. ɉɭɫɤɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɫɟɤɰɢɣ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ, ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɜɨɪɨɬɟ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ.

ȼɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɩɭɫɤɚ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɚ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ «max». ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ, ɩɨ

ɦɟɪɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɸɬ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹɦɢ ɞɨ ɧɭɥɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɹɬ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ «0». Ɉɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬ ɜ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɦ

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚ.

Ɋɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ

1.ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɫɬɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɩɭɫɤ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ.

2.Ɉɩɵɬɧɵɦ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɫɧɹɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ȾɉɌ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ. ɇɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɧɚ ɜɚɥɭ ɩɪɢ ɫɧɹɬɢɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ

ȽɉɌ ɫ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ.

3. ɉɨ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ:

ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ (n; Ia; Ɋ1; M2; K) = f(P2) ɩɪɢ ɩɨɥ-

ɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɜ ɨɞɧɢɯ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɵɯ ɨɫɹɯ;

ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ n = f(M2) ɩɪɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦ ɢ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ.

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Ɋɢɫ. 4.21. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ

Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ

1.Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɟɧɞɚ, ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɨɝɨ ȾɉɌ, ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɵ.

2.ɋɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɫɯɟɦɭ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ȽɉɌ ɫ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ.

3.ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɢɬɶ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɧɵɣ ɩɭɫɤ ȾɉɌ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɢɡ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ «max» ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ «0».

4.Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɦ ɯɨɞɭ ɢɞɟɬ

ɜɪɚɡɧɨɫ, ɬ. ɟ. ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɛɟɡ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɧɚ ɜɚɥɭ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɹɤɨɪɶ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬ ɧɚ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɚ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɚ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ. ɉɪɢ ɩɭɫɤɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɥɟɞɢɬɶ ɡɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɚɦɩɟɪɦɟɬɪɚ ɜ ɰɟɩɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɢ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ.

5.ɉɨɥɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɲɭɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɭ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ. ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɬɨɤ ɜ ɲɭɧ-

ɬɢɪɭɸɳɟɦ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɭ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɢ Iɲ = 0.

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6. ɋɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɹ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ Rɧɚɝɪ ɜ ɰɟɩɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ, ɧɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ȾɉɌ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ 4–5 ɬɚɤɢɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɬɨɤ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɜɨɡɪɨɫ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɹɦɢ ɨɬ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ Ia = Iɚ min, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɭ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɞɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɬɨɤɚ Ia = Ia ɧ ɩɪɢ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɧɚ ɜɚɥɭ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ.

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɡɚɧɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 1

Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ȾɉɌ

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1

ʋ ɩ/ɩ

Ɉɩɵɬɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

U

Iɚ

ɩ

Iɲ

Uɝ

Iɚɝ

P1

Pɝ

Ɋ2

K

Mɝ

ȼ

Ⱥ

ɨɛ/ɦɢɧ

Ⱥ

ȼ

Ⱥ

ȼɬ

ȼɬ

ȼɬ

ɨ.ɟ.

ɧ·ɬɦ

1

2

3

4

5

Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:

	Ɋɝ = UɝIɚɝ ; Ș	Pɝ		P2 = P1 K ; M 9,55	P
Ɋ1 = U Ia ;		P1	;		2	.
					n
ɉɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ ɧɟ-
ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
	n, Ɇ, K, Ɋ1, Ia = f(P2)			ɩɪɢ U = Uɧɨɦ = const.

7. Ɉɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɹ ɜ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɲɭɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ

ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ Rɲ. ɂɡɦɟɧɹɹ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ Rɲ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɬɨɤ ɜ ɲɭɧɬɟ Iɲ ~ (0,1–0,15 Iɚɧ).

Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɫɧɹɬɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɡɚɧɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 1. ɉɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦ ɢ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ, ɬ.ɟ. ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ-

ɫɬɢ n = f(Ɇ2).

83

Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ

1.ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ȾɉɌ ɢ ɢɯ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ.

2.ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ.

3.Ɋɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɆɉɌ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɧɚ ɜɢɞ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ȾɉɌ.

4.ɋɯɟɦɵ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ.

5.Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɫɤɚ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ. ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ.

6.Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ȾɉɌ?

7.Ɉɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɜɢɞ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ȾɉɌ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɧɚ ɜɢɞ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ.

8.ɉɨɱɟɦɭ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ?

9.ɋɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ.

84

ɉɊɂɅɈɀȿɇɂȿ Ⱥ

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɢɬɭɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɥɢɫɬɚ ɨɬɱɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ

ɎȿȾȿɊȺɅɖɇɈȿ ȺȽȿɇɌɋɌȼɈ ɀȿɅȿɁɇɈȾɈɊɈɀɇɈȽɈ ɌɊȺɇɋɉɈɊɌȺ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ

«ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ» (ɍɪȽɍɉɋ)

Ʉɚɮɟɞɪɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɚɲɢɧ

ɈɌɑȿɌ

ɩɨ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ʋ2

ɂɋɋɅȿȾɈȼȺɇɂȿ ȽȿɇȿɊȺɌɈɊɈȼ ɉɈɋɌɈəɇɇɈȽɈ ɌɈɄȺ ɇȿɁȺȼɂɋɂɆɈȽɈ ɂ ɉȺɊȺɅɅȿɅɖɇɈȽɈ ȼɈɁȻɍɀȾȿɇɂə

ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɥ:	__Ɍ-334___ ______________	___________ ɂ.ɂ. ɂɜɚɧɨɜ
ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ
	ɩɨɞɩɢɫɶ	ɞɚɬɚ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɢɥ:

ɫɬ.ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɶ __________ ______________ ___________ Ⱦ.ɂ. Ɇɟɧɞɟɥɟɟɜ

ɨɰɟɧɤɚ (ɛɚɥɥ) ɩɨɞɩɢɫɶ ɞɚɬɚ

ȿɤɚɬɟɪɢɧɛɭɪɝ 2007

85

Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ

1.Ȼɪɭɫɤɢɧ Ⱦ. ɗ., Ɂɨɪɨɯɨɜɢɱ Ⱥ. ȿ., ɏɜɨɫɬɨɜ ȼ. ɋ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ.

– Ɇ.: ȼɵɫɲ. ɲɤ., 1987. – ɑ. 1. – 316 ɫ.

2.ȼɨɥɶɞɟɤ Ⱥ. ɂ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ. – Ʌ.: ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ, 1979. – 840 ɫ.

3.Ʉɨɫɬɟɧɤɨ Ɇ. ɉ., ɉɢɨɬɪɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ʌ. Ɇ. ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ. – Ɇ.:

ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ, 1973. – ɑ. 2. – 648 ɫ.

86

ȼɥɚɞɢɫɥɚɜ Ɏɟɞɨɪɨɜɢɱ Ƚɪɢɝɨɪɶɟɜ Ⱥɥɟɜɬɢɧɚ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɧɚ Ɇɚɧɝɢɥɟɜɚ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɣ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɢɱ Ʌɢɜɲɢɰ Ⱥɧɧɚ ȼɢɤɬɨɪɨɜɧɚ Ȼɨɧɞɚɪɟɧɤɨ

ɗɅȿɄɌɊɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɆȺɒɂɇɕ

Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɭ

«ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɜɨɞ»

ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ: 190402 – «Ⱥɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɤɚ, ɬɟɥɟɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɶ

ɧɚ ɠɟɥɟɡɧɨɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɟ»

Ɋɟɞɚɤɬɨɪ ȼ. ɉ. ȼɨɜɱɟɤ

620034, ȿɤɚɬɟɪɢɧɛɭɪɝ, ɭɥ. Ʉɨɥɦɨɝɨɪɨɜɚ, 66, ɍɪȽɍɉɋ Ɋɟɞɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɨɬɞɟɥ

Ȼɭɦɚɝɚ ɩɢɫɱɚɹ ʋ 1	ɉɨɞɩɢɫɚɧɨ ɜ ɩɟɱɚɬɶ	ɍɫɥ. ɩɟɱ. ɥ. 5,6
Ɍɢɪɚɠ 200 ɷɤɡ.	Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ 60 × 90 1/16	Ɂɚɤɚɡ